搜索Linux系统所有进程打开(文件)句柄的命令
2017-03-02 23:45
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提示： 该脚本与 lsof 命令功能类似
1.搜索进程打开的句柄列表:
for i in `find /proc -maxdepth 2 -name fd`; do echo "$i" && ls -al $i ; done
2.提取 /proc/ 与 /fd 之间 进程号:
sed -r 's/.*\/proc\/(.*)\/fd.*/\1/'
3.替换命令:
sed 's/AND/_and_/g'
4.打印列：
awk '{print $2}'5.过滤 total 字符串
grep -v total
6.过滤目录(. 及 .. 等为目录符)
grep -v dr\-x
7.综合命令：
for i in `find /proc -maxdepth 2 -name fd`;
do echo "======================="
&&
cat ` echo "$i" | sed 's/fd/stat/g' ` | awk '{print $2}'
&& ls -al $i | grep -v total | grep -v dr\-x;
done7.1 执行结果
======================= (init) lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 0 -> /dev/console lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 1 -> /dev/console lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 2 -> /dev/console ======================= (kthreadd) ======================= (ksoftirqd/0) ======================= (kworker/0:0) ======================= (kworker/u:0) ======================= (khelper) ======================= (kworker/u:1) ======================= (sync_supers) ======================= (bdi-default) ======================= (kintegrityd) ======================= (kblockd) ======================= (spi0) ======================= (spi1) ======================= (khubd) ======================= (kusbotg) ======================= (rpciod) ======================= (kworker/0:1) ======================= (kswapd0) ======================= (fsnotify_mark) ======================= (nfsiod) ======================= (romblock0) ======================= (mtdblock0) ======================= (romblock1) ======================= (mtdblock1) ======================= (romblock2) ======================= (mtdblock2) ======================= (romblock3) ======================= (mtdblock3) ======================= (kpsmoused) ======================= (cfinteractive) ======================= (deferwq) ======================= (jffs2_gcd_mtd2) ======================= (udevd) lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Jan 1 1970 0 -> /dev/null lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Jan 1 1970 1 -> /dev/null lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Jan 1 1970 2 -> /dev/null lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 3 -> /dev/.udev/queue.bin lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 4 -> socket:[31] lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 5 -> socket:[32] lr-x------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 6 -> anon_inode:inotify lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 7 -> anon_inode:[signalfd] lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 8 -> socket:[33] lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 9 -> socket:[34] ======================= (udevd) lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 0 -> /dev/null lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 1 -> /dev/null lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 10 -> socket:[149] lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 2 -> /dev/null lr-x------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 6 -> anon_inode:inotify lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 9 -> socket:[34] ======================= (udevd) lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 0 -> /dev/null lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 1 -> /dev/null lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 10 -> socket:[155] lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 2 -> /dev/null lr-x------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 6 -> anon_inode:inotify lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 9 -> socket:[34] ======================= (jffs2_gcd_mtd3) ======================= (hidog) ======================= (RtmpTimerTask) ======================= (RtmpMlmeTask) ======================= (RtmpCmdQTask) ======================= (RtmpWscTask) ======================= (wpa_supplicant) lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 0 -> /dev/null lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 1 -> /dev/null lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 2 -> /dev/null lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 4 -> socket:[802] lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 5 -> socket:[803] lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 6 -> socket:[808] lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 7 -> socket:[809] ======================= (wifi_config) lr-x------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 0 -> /dev/null lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 1 -> /dev/console lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 2 -> /dev/console lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 3 -> /mnt/mtd/firmware/log/wifi_config.log lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 4 -> /tmp/run_info.log lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 5 -> /mnt/mtd/firmware/log/system.log lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 6 -> socket:[835] lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 7 -> socket:[836] lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 8 -> socket:[837] ======================= (sh) lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 0 -> /dev/ttyS000 lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 1 -> /dev/ttyS000 lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 10 -> /dev/tty lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 2 -> /dev/ttyS000 ======================= (telnetd) lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 0 -> /dev/null lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 1 -> /dev/null lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 2 -> /dev/null lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 3 -> socket:[818] lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 4 -> socket:[1308] lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 5 -> /dev/ptmx lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 6 -> socket:[1325] lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 7 -> /dev/ptmx ======================= (flush-mtd-unmap) ======================= (udhcpc) lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 0 -> /dev/null lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 1 -> /dev/null l-wx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 10 -> pipe:[1263] lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 2 -> /dev/null lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 3 -> /mnt/mtd/firmware/log/wifi_config.log lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 4 -> /tmp/run_info.log lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 5 -> /mnt/mtd/firmware/log/system.log lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 6 -> socket:[835] lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 7 -> socket:[836] lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 8 -> socket:[837] lr-x------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 9 -> pipe:[1263] ======================= (sh) lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 0 -> /dev/pts/0 lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 1 -> /dev/pts/0 lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 10 -> /dev/tty lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 2 -> /dev/pts/0 ======================= (sh) lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 0 -> /dev/pts/1 lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 1 -> /dev/pts/1 lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 10 -> /dev/tty lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 2 -> /dev/pts/1 ======================= (loader) lr-x------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 0 -> /dev/null lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 1 -> /dev/pts/0 lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 2 -> /dev/pts/0 lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 3 -> /mnt/mtd/firmware/log/loader.log lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 4 -> /tmp/run_info.log lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 5 -> /mnt/mtd/firmware/log/system.log l-wx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 6 -> /dev/watchdog ======================= (NV_Updater) lr-x------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 0 -> /dev/null lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 1 -> /dev/pts/0 lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 2 -> /dev/pts/0 lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 3 -> /tmp/run_info.log lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 4 -> /mnt/mtd/firmware/log/system.log lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 5 -> socket:[1643] ======================= (loader) lr-x------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 0 -> /dev/null lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 1 -> /dev/pts/0 lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 2 -> /dev/pts/0 lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 3 -> /mnt/mtd/firmware/log/loader.log lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 4 -> /tmp/run_info.log lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 5 -> /mnt/mtd/firmware/log/system.log l-wx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 6 -> /dev/watchdog ======================= (flashpolicyd) lr-x------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 0 -> /dev/null lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 1 -> /dev/pts/0 lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 2 -> /dev/pts/0 lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 3 -> socket:[1683] ======================= (NV_CAM_NETVUE3_) lr-x------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:25 0 -> /dev/null lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:25 1 -> /dev/pts/0 lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:25 10 -> /dev/vb lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:25 11 -> /dev/sys lr-x------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:25 12 -> /dev/isp_dev lr-x------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:25 13 -> /dev/isp_dev lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:25 14 -> /dev/mem lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:25 15 -> /dev/i2c-0 lr-x------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:25 16 -> /dev/vi lr-x------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:25 17 -> /dev/vi lr-x------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:25 18 -> /dev/vi lr-x------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:25 19 -> /dev/vpss lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:25 2 -> /dev/pts/0 lr-x------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:25 20 -> /dev/vpss lr-x------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:25 21 -> /dev/vpss lr-x------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:25 22 -> /dev/vpss lr-x------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:25 23 -> /dev/vpss lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:25 24 -> /dev/ai lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:25 25 -> /dev/ao lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:25 26 -> /dev/mmz_userdev lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:25 27 -> /dev/aenc lr-x------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:25 28 -> /dev/vi lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:25 29 -> /dev/mmz_userdev lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:25 3 -> /mnt/mtd/firmware/log/loader.log lr-x------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:25 30 -> /dev/ive lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:25 31 -> /dev/NV_Driver lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:25 32 -> /dev/hi_rtc lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:25 33 -> socket:[1784] lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:25 34 -> socket:[1786] lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:25 35 -> socket:[1788] lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:25 36 -> socket:[1801] lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:25 37 -> socket:[1802] lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:25 38 -> socket:[1803] lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:25 39 -> socket:[1816] lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:25 4 -> /tmp/run_info.log lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:25 40 -> socket:[1817] lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:25 41 -> socket:[1818] lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:25 42 -> socket:[1819] lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:25 43 -> socket:[1820] lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:27 44 -> /dev/venc lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:27 45 -> /dev/venc lr-x------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:27 46 -> /dev/rgn lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:25 5 -> /mnt/mtd/firmware/log/system.log l-wx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:25 6 -> /dev/watchdog lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:25 7 -> /mnt/mtd/firmware/log/mainapp.log lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:25 8 -> /tmp/run_info.log lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:25 9 -> /mnt/mtd/firmware/log/system.log ======================= (NV_CAM_NETVUE3_) lr-x------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:25 0 -> /dev/null lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:25 1 -> /dev/pts/0 lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:25 10 -> socket:[1730] lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:25 11 -> socket:[4702] lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:25 2 -> /dev/pts/0 lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:25 3 -> /mnt/mtd/firmware/log/loader.log lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:25 4 -> /tmp/run_info.log lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:25 5 -> /mnt/mtd/firmware/log/system.log l-wx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:25 6 -> /dev/watchdog lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:25 7 -> /mnt/mtd/firmware/log/mainapp.log lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:25 8 -> /tmp/run_info.log lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:25 9 -> /mnt/mtd/firmware/log/system.log ======================= (tail) lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:26 0 -> /dev/pts/1 lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:26 1 -> /dev/pts/1 lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:26 2 -> /dev/pts/1 lr-x------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:26 3 -> /tmp/run_info.log ======================= cat: can't open '/proc/2926/stat': No such file or directory ls: /proc/2926/fd: No such file or directory
8.拓展命令：
搜索某个文件句柄被哪些进程所打开。例如： /tmp/run_info.log 文件
for i in `find /proc -maxdepth 2 -name fd`;
do echo "======================="
&&
cat ` echo "$i" | sed 's/fd/stat/g' ` | awk '{print $2}'
&& ls -al $i | grep -v total | grep -v dr\-x | grep "run_info.log";
done在 综合命令的基础上 加上 | grep “run_info.log” 就可以了
8.1 执行结果：
======================= (init) ======================= (kthreadd) ======================= (ksoftirqd/0) ======================= (kworker/0:0) ======================= (kworker/u:0) ======================= (khelper) ======================= (kworker/u:1) ======================= (sync_supers) ======================= (bdi-default) ======================= (kintegrityd) ======================= (kblockd) ======================= (spi0) ======================= (spi1) ======================= (khubd) ======================= (kusbotg) ======================= (rpciod) ======================= (kworker/0:1) ======================= (kswapd0) ======================= (fsnotify_mark) ======================= (nfsiod) ======================= (romblock0) ======================= (mtdblock0) ======================= (romblock1) ======================= (mtdblock1) ======================= (romblock2) ======================= (mtdblock2) ======================= (romblock3) ======================= (mtdblock3) ======================= (kpsmoused) ======================= (cfinteractive) ======================= (deferwq) ======================= (jffs2_gcd_mtd2) ======================= (udevd) ======================= (udevd) ======================= (udevd) ======================= (jffs2_gcd_mtd3) ======================= (hidog) ======================= (RtmpTimerTask) ======================= (RtmpMlmeTask) ======================= (RtmpCmdQTask) ======================= (RtmpWscTask) ======================= (wpa_supplicant) ======================= (wifi_config) lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 4 -> /tmp/run_info.log ======================= (sh) ======================= (telnetd) ======================= (flush-mtd-unmap) ======================= (udhcpc) lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 4 -> /tmp/run_info.log ======================= (sh) ======================= (sh) ======================= (loader) lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 4 -> /tmp/run_info.log ======================= (NV_Updater) lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 3 -> /tmp/run_info.log ======================= (loader) lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:29 4 -> /tmp/run_info.log ======================= (flashpolicyd) ======================= (NV_CAM_NETVUE3_) lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:25 4 -> /tmp/run_info.log lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:25 8 -> /tmp/run_info.log ======================= (NV_CAM_NETVUE3_) lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:25 4 -> /tmp/run_info.log lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:25 8 -> /tmp/run_info.log ======================= (tail) lr-x------ 1 root root 64 Mar 23 15:26 3 -> /tmp/run_info.log ======================= cat: can't open '/proc/3383/stat': No such file or directory ls: /proc/3383/fd: No such file or directory
I.总结
在编程当中,尤其是Linux编程，对文件操作是非常重要的，很多人知道利用fopen、floce、fwrite、fread等C库接口对文件进行操作， 但遗憾的是多数程序员都对文件操作知之甚少。从而致使自己代码质量不高，健壮性比较差。出问题的时候，无法从根源去解决。 对于文件操作，我们需要熟知以下几点： ⑴ 熟练使用 fopen、fclose等API接口 ⑵ 文件系统当中,一个文件对应内核一个inode结构，一个inode对应多个file结构，意味着一个文件可以被多个进程打开。 ⑶ 查看某个文件被哪些进程打开。从而合理关闭文件句柄。 ⑷ 如果文件被多个进程打开，但被暴力的删除了该文件，该文件空间一直存在，除非该文件被所有的进程释放。 ⑸ 若某文件系统(如：ext2)某个文件被进程打开，那么是不能umount该文件系统的。 可能的提示信息：Device or resource busy. 错误代码：EBUSY (16) ⑹ 在多进程编程中,谨慎使用fork等系统接口,否则可能带来意想不到的bug。
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