php AES 加解密方法使用函数了解

1、php中关于mcrypt加密的一些函数

1)mcrypt_get_iv_size — 返回指定算法/模式组合的初始向量大小

int mcrypt_get_iv_size ( string $cipher , string $mode )

2）mcrypt_list_algorithms – mcrypt支持的加密算法列表

3）mcrypt_list_modes() – mcrypt支持的加密模式列表

php中默认没有mcrypt扩展，检测是否支持mcrypt

$cipher_list = mcrypt_list_algorithms();//mcrypt支持的加密算法列表
$mode_list = mcrypt_list_modes();   //mcrypt支持的加密模式列表

echo '<xmp>';
print_r($cipher_list);
print_r($mode_list);

若支持，输出结果为：

Array
(
[0] => cast-128
[1] => gost
[2] => rijndael-128
[3] => twofish
[4] => cast-256
[5] => loki97
[6] => rijndael-192
[7] => saferplus
[8] => wake
[9] => blowfish-compat
[10] => des
[11] => rijndael-256
[12] => serpent
[13] => xtea
[14] => blowfish
[15] => enigma
[16] => rc2
[17] => tripledes
[18] => arcfour
)
Array
(
[0] => cbc
[1] => cfb
[2] => ctr
[3] => ecb
[4] => ncfb
[5] => nofb
[6] => ofb
[7] => stream
)

其中rijndael-128，rijndael-192，rijndael-256就是AES加密，3种分别是使用不同的数据块和密钥长度进行加密

4）hash_hmac — 使用 HMAC 方法生成带有密钥的哈希值

5）hash_algos — 返回已注册的哈希算法列表

<?php
print_r(hash_algos());
?>

输出结果为：

Array
(
[0] => md2
[1] => md4
[2] => md5
[3] => sha1
[4] => sha224
[5] => sha256
[6] => sha384
[7] => sha512
[8] => ripemd128
[9] => ripemd160
[10] => ripemd256
[11] => ripemd320
[12] => whirlpool
[13] => tiger128,3
[14] => tiger160,3
[15] => tiger192,3
[16] => tiger128,4
[17] => tiger160,4
[18] => tiger192,4
[19] => snefru
[20] => snefru256
[21] => gost
[22] => adler32
[23] => crc32
[24] => crc32b
[25] => salsa10
[26] => salsa20
[27] => haval128,3
[28] => haval160,3
[29] => haval192,3
[30] => haval224,3
[31] => haval256,3
[32] => haval128,4
[33] => haval160,4
[34] => haval192,4
[35] => haval224,4
[36] => haval256,4
[37] => haval128,5
[38] => haval160,5
[39] => haval192,5
[40] => haval224,5
[41] => haval256,5
)

2、laravel通过mcrypt PHP 的扩展提供的AES-256加密组件

Crypt::encrypt($str);//加密
Crypt::decrypt($encryptedValue);//解密

注意: 确认在 app/config/app.php 文件设置了一个32随机字符给 key 项。否则，加密的值是不安全的。

laravel中 Encrypter类中定义的一些初始变量

protected $key;
protected $cipher = 'rijndael-256';
protected $mode = 'cbc';
protected $block = 32;
public function __construct($key)
{
$this->key = $key;
}

可设置在encrypter中使用的cipher 和 mode:

Crypt::setMode('crt');//加密模式
Crypt::setCipher($cipher);//加密算法

laravel中使用AES加密示例：

$str = 'xiaoming';
Crypt::setMode('ecb');
Crypt::setCipher('rijndael-128');
$s = Crypt::encrypt($str);
echo $s;die;

结果为：

eyJpdiI6IkpjUEJKcHUyNGpmaWxRTURXXC9DN1R3PT0iLCJ2YWx1ZSI6IkZDRDNZKzQ3WGV2QVhaVkJEcXMyRzA0c3luTlE4ZGIxaTFzTzZpanhUU289IiwibWFjIjoiOTI2MDY4OGIwNGRkM2MwZWI4YzdkMTI4MDBhNmJlZDBmM2YwYmQzN2Y5ZWRhMDhiZmRjN2ZiYjYwNmEzZmI0YSJ9