mysql常用管理命令

8、登录mysql

mysql -urot -p  单实例

 

mysql -uroot -p -S /data/3306/mysql.sock  多实例

 

9、MySQL帮助命令help

mysql> help

 

For information about MySQL products and services, visit:

   http://www.mysql.com/

For developer information, including the MySQL Reference Manual, visit:

   http://dev.mysql.com/

To buy MySQL Enterprise support, training, or other products, visit:

   https://shop.mysql.com/

 

List of all MySQL commands:

Note that all text commands must be first on line and end with ';'

?         (\?) Synonym for `help'.

clear     (\c) Clear the current input statement.

connect   (\r) Reconnect to the server. Optional arguments are db and host.

delimiter (\d) Set statement delimiter.

edit      (\e) Edit command with $EDITOR.

ego       (\G) Send command to mysql server, display result vertically.

exit      (\q) Exit mysql. Same as quit.

go        (\g) Send command to mysql server.

help      (\h) Display this help.

 

mysql> show databases like "my%";

+----------------+

| Database (my%) |

+----------------+

| mysql          |

+----------------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

 

 

mysql> show grants for root@localhost; 

+---------------------------------------------------------------------+

| Grants for root@localhost                                           |

+---------------------------------------------------------------------+

| GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'localhost' WITH GRANT OPTION |

| GRANT PROXY ON ''@'' TO 'root'@'localhost' WITH GRANT OPTION        |

+---------------------------------------------------------------------+

2 rows in set (0.00 sec) 

 

mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to system@'localhost' identified by '123456' with grant option;

增加system用户，并提升为超级管理员，即和root等价的用户，只是名称不同 

 

mysql> delete from mysql.user;   删除所有mysql中的用户 

 

为root账户设置密码方法

[root@centos02 tools]# mysqladmin -uroot password '123456'    没有密码的用户设置密码命令

 

[root@centos02 tools]# mysqladmin -uroot -p'123456' password '654321' -S /data/3306/mysql.sock  适合多实例

 

修改管理员root密码方法1

[root@centos02 tools]# mysqladmin -uroot -p'123456' password 'martin'

[root@centos02 tools]# mysqladmin -uroot -p'654321' password 'martin' -S /data/3306/mysql.sock  适合多实例

 

修改管理员root密码方法2

mysql> update mysql.user set password=password('martin') where user='root';  

mysql> flush privileges;

第一个password代表要修改的字段   第二个password代表是一个函数

此方法适合密码丢失后通过 --skip-grant-tables参数启动数据库后修改密码

 

mysql> select user,host,password from mysql.user;

+--------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+

| user   | host      | password                                  |

+--------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+

| root   | localhost |                                           |

| root   | centos02  |                                           |

| root   | 127.0.0.1 |                                           |

| root   | ::1       |                                           |

|        | localhost |                                           |

|        | centos02  |                                           |

| system | localhost | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 |

+--------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+

 

mysql> update mysql.user set password=password('martin') where user='system';      

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.14 sec)

Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 0

 

mysql> flush privileges;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec)

 

mysql> quit

Bye

[root@centos02 tools]# mysql -usystem -pmartin

Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 6ei

Server version: 5.5.49 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

 

Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

 

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

 

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

 

mysql> 

 

 

找回丢失的mysql密码

1、先停止数据库

[root@centos02 tools]# /etc/init.d/mysqld stop

2、使用 --skip-grant-tables 启动mysql，忽略授权登录验证

[root@centos02 tools]# /application/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --skip-grant-tables --user=mysql &

[root@centos02 tools]# mysql -uroot -p 登录时空密码

 

mysql> update mysql.user set password=password('123456') where user='root' and host='localhost';    #修改密码为123456            

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.06 sec)

Rows matched: 1  Changed: 0  Warnings: 0

 

mysql> flush privileges;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.11 sec)

 

[root@centos02 tools]# mysqladmin -uroot -p123456 shutdown   优雅的关闭数据库

160802 13:01:47 mysqld_safe mysqld from pid file /application/mysql/data/centos02.pid ended

[1]+  Done                    /application/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --skip-grant-tables --user=mysql

[root@centos02 tools]# 

[root@centos02 tools]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start  

Starting MySQL..                                           [  OK  ]

[root@centos02 tools]# mysql -uroot -p123456

Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 1

Server version: 5.5.49 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

 

Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

 

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

 

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

 

mysql> 

 

 

多实例找回丢失的密码

killall mysqld

mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/3306/my.cnf --skip-grant-tables &

mysql -uroot -p -S /data/3306/mysql.sock 登录时空密码

mysql> update mysql.user set password=password('123456') where user='root' and host='localhost';    #修改密码为123456            

mysql> flush privileges;

 

killall mysqld

/data/3306/mysql start