OCI连接oracle 12C

注册CSDN也好几年了，一直都没写过博客，今天就写一个吧。好了言归正传，由于公司业务的需要从windows平台转到linux下，之前呢，也没怎么接触过linux服务端的编程，只好硬着头皮上了。

本人用的系统是ubuntu 16.04，开发工具呢，选来选去，感觉还是Eclipse好用。数据库当然就是oracle 12C了。

首先呢，去oracle官网下载必要的软件包，下载地址：http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/topics/linuxx86-64soft-092277.html，帐号就自己注册一个吧。

1.oracle-instantclient12.1-basic-12.1.0.2.0-1.x86_64.rpm

2.oracle-instantclient12.1-devel-12.1.0.2.0-1.x86_64.rpm

3.oracle-instantclient12.1-odbc-12.1.0.2.0-1.x86_64.rpm

4.oracle-instantclient12.1-sqlplus-12.1.0.2.0-1.x86_64.rpm

然后安装这几个包：

alien -i oracle-instantclient12.1-basic-12.1.0.2.0-1.x86_64.rpm

.

.

.

依次安装，中途没有遇到什么问题。

然后测试一下是不是能远程连接oracle了，我是64位系统，所以是sqlplus64

sqlplus64 username/password@192.168.1.222/数据库实例名

能成功连接的话，说明安装成功了，接着开始编程吧

代码参考的：http://bbs.csdn.net/topics/380262703，然后自己修改了一些，谢谢各位的帮忙了

库目录的默认路径：/usr/lib/oracle/12.1/client64/lib

头文件的默认路径：/usr/include/oracle/12.1/client64

/*************************
编译语句
gcc -D_LARGEFILE64_SOURCE -D_FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64 -I${ORACLE_HOME}/rdbms/public -I${ORACLE_HOME}/rdbms/demo -L${ORACLE_HOME}/lib -lclntsh test1.c

OCI重定义数据类型：

typedef unsigned char ub1;
typedef signed char sb1;
typedef unsigned short ub2;
typedef signed short sb2;
typedef unsigned int ub4;
typedef signed int sb4;
typedef ub4 duword;
typedef sb4 dsword;
typedef dsword dword;

*************************/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <oci.h>

/*user name and password*/
static text* username=(text *)"dma";
static text* password=(text *)"123456";
static text* oracle=(text *)"192.168.1.135/orcl";

/* Define SQL statements to be used in program. */
static text* SQL=(text *)"insert into company(companyid, companyname) values (:1, :2)";

/*handle define*/
static OCIEnv *p_env; //OCI environment handle
static OCIError *p_err; //OCI error handle
static OCISvcCtx *p_svc; //OCI service context handel
static OCIServer *p_ser; //OCI server handle
static OCISession *p_usr; //OCI user session handle
static OCIStmt *p_sql; //OCI statement handle
static OCIDefine *p_dfn = (OCIDefine *)NULL; //OCI define handle
static OCIBind *p_bnd = (OCIBind *)NULL; //OCI bind handle

/*create OCI environment*/
int create_env()
{
int swResult; //Return value
if(swResult = OCIEnvCreate(&p_env,OCI_DEFAULT,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,0,NULL))
{

4000
printf("environment create error!\n\n");
return -1;
}
else
{
printf("environment create success!\n\n");
return 0;
}
}

/*init handle*/
int init_handle()
{
int swResult;
if(swResult = OCIHandleAlloc(p_env,(dvoid *)&p_ser,OCI_HTYPE_SERVER,0,NULL)) //服务器句柄
{
printf("init server handle error!\n\n");
return -1;
}
else
{
printf("init server handle success!\n\n");
}

if(swResult = OCIHandleAlloc(p_env,(dvoid *)&p_err,OCI_HTYPE_ERROR,0,NULL)) //错误句柄
{
printf("init error handle error!\n\n");
return -1;
}
else
{
printf("init error handle success!\n\n");
}
if(swResult = OCIHandleAlloc(p_env,(dvoid *)&p_usr,OCI_HTYPE_SESSION,0,NULL)) //事务句柄
{
printf("init session handle error!\n\n");
return -1;
}
else
{
printf("init session handle success!\n\n");
}
if(swResult = OCIHandleAlloc(p_env,(dvoid *)&p_svc,OCI_HTYPE_SVCCTX,0,NULL)) //上下文句柄
{
printf("init service context handle error!\n\n");
return -1;
}
else
{
printf("init service context handel success!\n\n");
}
if(swResult = OCIHandleAlloc(p_env,(dvoid *)&p_sql,OCI_HTYPE_STMT,0,NULL)) //SQL语句句柄
{
printf("init statement handle error!\n\n");
return -1;
}
else
{
printf("init statement handle success!\n\n");
}
return 0;
}

/*connect server*/
int conn_server()
{
int swResult;
if(swResult = OCILogon(p_env,p_err,&p_svc,(text *)username,strlen(username),(text *)password,strlen(password),(text *)oracle,strlen(oracle)))
{
printf("connect error!\n\n");
return -1;
}
else
printf("connect success!\n\n");
return 0;
}

/*SQL statements*/
int oci_exec()
{
int swResult;
//准备SQL语句
if(swResult = OCIStmtPrepare(p_sql,p_err,SQL,strlen(SQL),OCI_NTV_SYNTAX,OCI_DEFAULT))
{
printf("prepare SQL statements error!\n\n");
}
else
{
printf("prepare SQL statements success!\n\n");
}

//设置绑定变量
int getId ;
char getName[10];

OCIBind *p_bndp1 = NULL;
OCIBind *p_bndp2 = NULL;

printf("输入ID,NAME:\n");
scanf("%d %s",&getId,getName);

if(swResult = OCIBindByPos(p_sql,&p_bndp1,p_err,1,(dvoid *)&getId,(sb4)sizeof(getId),SQLT_INT,NULL,NULL,NULL,0,NULL,OCI_DEFAULT))
{
printf("Bind p1 error!\n\n");
return -1;
}
else
{
printf("bind success!\n\n");
}

if(swResult = OCIBindByPos(p_sql,&p_bndp2,p_err,2,&getName,(sb4)sizeof(getName),SQLT_STR, (dvoid *) 0, (ub2 *) 0, (ub2 *) 0, (ub4) 0, (ub4 *) 0, OCI_DEFAULT))
{
printf("Bind p2 error!\n\n");
return -1;
}
else
{
printf("bind success!\n\n");
}

//执行SQL statements
if(swResult = OCIStmtExecute(p_svc,p_sql,p_err,1,0,NULL,NULL,OCI_DEFAULT))
{
printf("execute SQL statement error!\n\n");
return -1;
}
else
{
printf("execute SQL statement success!\n\n");
}
return 0;
}

/*quit server*/
void quit_server()
{
OCILogoff(p_svc,p_err);
printf("Quit success!\n");
}

/*free handle*/
void free_handle()
{
OCIHandleFree(p_ser,OCI_HTYPE_SERVER); //释放服务器句柄
OCIHandleFree(p_err,OCI_HTYPE_ERROR); //释放错误句柄
OCIHandleFree(p_usr,OCI_HTYPE_SESSION); //释放事务句柄
OCIHandleFree(p_svc,OCI_HTYPE_SVCCTX); //释放上下文句柄
OCIHandleFree(p_sql,OCI_HTYPE_STMT); //释放SQL语句句柄
}

int main()
{
if(create_env() == -1) //创建环境
return -1;
if(init_handle() == -1) //初始化句柄
return -1;
if(conn_server() == -1) //连接数据库
return -1;
if(oci_exec() == -1)
return -1;
quit_server(); //退出数据库
free_handle(); //释放句柄
return 0;
}


编译运行，哈哈，到这里应该就成功了！
这里要感谢google，遇到问题多思考，总会解决的！