37-1-book2

Starting and closing a casual conversation:

Hey there!

How’s it going?

How are things with you?

What’s new?

I got to go now.

Thanks for the help.

I’d better be off.

Bye!

 

Necessity, Obligation, Lack of Obligation, and Prohibition

We use need (to), have to, must, should, can to
show if something is necessary or possible to do.
I need to go on a diet.

(It’s necessary.)
Peter doesn’t need to work hard now.

(It isn’t necessary.)

You must study hard if you want to pass your exams.

(It’s necessary, but it’s a personal obligation.)
You mustn’t touch the paintings in the gallery.

(It’s not allowed. It’s forbidden.)

You have to wear a seatbelt in a car.

(It’s necessary, but it’s not a personal obligation. It’s the law or the custom of the country.)
You don’t have to help me if you don’t want to.

(It isn’t necessary.)

You should see a doctor.

(It’s a good idea in general or good advice in a specific situation.)
You shouldn’t touch the artwork.

(It’s not a good idea.)

We use can / can’t when we talk about permission in rules and laws:
In the US you can turn right at a red light.

You can’t ride a motorcycle without a helmet.

Will / Might

Use will / will not / won’t to show you are certain about something.

Use might / might not if you are not certain.

Present
He’ll be in New York now. (certain)
He might be in New York now. (not certain)
She won’t pick up the phone. She’s in a meeting now. (certain)
She might not pick up the phone. She’s in a meeting now. (not certain)

Future
It will be amazing. (certain)
It might be amazing. (not certain)
It won’t be easy to move to Canada. (certain)
It might not be easy to move to Canada. (not certain)

Read the conversation below between two coworkers. Think about the following questions: 
What's the good news? 
How do they feel about it? 
What's the problem? 
What must people do? 
What mustn't people do? 
Write a short announcement to the staff that gives them the good news, explains the problem, and describes what to do and what not to do.