H3C CLI基础笔记(交换机,基础--VLAN扩展技术)
2017-01-24 16:17
1216 查看
以太网交换机工作原理
![](https://oscdn.geek-share.com/Uploads/Images/Content/202001/04/791ebe7a286374a623ecdbd9f92e370d.jpg)
![](https://oscdn.geek-share.com/Uploads/Images/Content/202001/04/a2501a72992b029baff3ca813673fd40.jpg)
共享网络:
所有终端都共享总线的带宽
交换网络:
每一个交换机端口是独立带宽
![](https://oscdn.geek-share.com/Uploads/Images/Content/202001/04/b6bbfa992c655bc600076ba63efde51e.jpg)
![](https://oscdn.geek-share.com/Uploads/Images/Content/202001/04/0a197c4140647d658d4109f522022154.jpg)
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配置VLAN
![](https://oscdn.geek-share.com/Uploads/Images/Content/202001/04/a8f2fdea56942eded11e7ba48297b7d9.jpg)
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一个VLAN=一个广播域=一个逻辑子网
![](https://oscdn.geek-share.com/Uploads/Images/Content/202001/04/14e8f33fc45fca41833cc92c1889aa13.jpg)
![](https://oscdn.geek-share.com/Uploads/Images/Content/202001/04/132df559f16e109b42ac7f03bfe20d80.jpg)
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![](https://oscdn.geek-share.com/Uploads/Images/Content/202001/04/c81e11e6e5bc4c7ca73172cb2aa8f64a.jpg)
H3C交换机的二层接口类型:
1.Access接入接口(才能够被划分VLAN)
2.Trunk中继接口(Trunk链路可以承载多个Vlan的信息)(仅仅允许默认Vlan的数据帧不带标签)
3.Hybrid混合端口(允许多个VLAN的数据帧不带标签)
Vlan基本配置
·创建Vlan并进入VLAN视图
[Switch]vlan vlan-id
·将指定端口加入到当前VLAN中
[Switch-vlan10] port interface-list
配置Trunk端口
·配置端口的链路类型为Trunk类型
[Switch-Ethernet1/0/1]port link-type trunk
*H3C的Trunk链路默认只允许Vlan1通过
·允许指定的VLAN通过当前的Trunk端口
[Switch-Ethernet1/0/1]port trunk permit vlan {vlan-id-list | all}
·设置Trunk端口的缺省VLAN
[Switch-Ethernet1/0/1]port trunk pvid vlan vlan-id
·配置端口的链路类型为Hybrid类型
[Switch-Ethernet1/0/1]port link-type hybird
·允许指定的VLAN通过当前Hybrid端口
[Switch-Ethernet1/0/1]port hybrid vlan vlan-id-list {tagged | untaaged}
·设置Hybrid端口的缺省VLAN
[Switch-Ethernet1/0/1]port hybrid pvid vlan vlan-id
![](https://oscdn.geek-share.com/Uploads/Images/Content/202001/04/267a307dddbf593503a74cddcc5a6d47.jpg)
![](https://oscdn.geek-share.com/Uploads/Images/Content/202001/04/f6dd425ddb5ec7a018a0da800e64394c.jpg)
VLAN的配置关键命令
·VLAN Virtual LAN 虚拟局域网
·tagged 标记
·access 访问
·trunk 干道
·hybird 混杂
![](https://oscdn.geek-share.com/Uploads/Images/Content/202001/04/a69c91faadf742c45e4d2034ac772f8c.jpg)
![](https://oscdn.geek-share.com/Uploads/Images/Content/202001/04/590c1eb5d38f8cb30113f829105ecd44.jpg)
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![](https://oscdn.geek-share.com/Uploads/Images/Content/202001/04/3d4b4737932d37313dc47d20100090ac.jpg)
提问思考
根据端口划分VLAN,用户变化座位之后需要工程师重新划分接口所属VLAN,工作频繁,任务量大。
![](https://oscdn.geek-share.com/Uploads/Images/Content/202001/04/6e78878e2622ecedc2c654ad81ec6bd9.jpg)
Access、Trunk、Hybird的接口,当进入交换机,都自动打上自己的PVID。
Access、Trunk出来时,自动拨PVID;Hybird出来时,需要手工拨PVID。
VLAN信息的传播关键命令
·registration 注册
·normal 正常
·fixed 固定
·forbidden 被禁止
技术内容
交换机可以根据VLAN信息在不同的范围内进行帧转发从而隔离广播帧的转发范围
本章将介绍适用于大规模网络
![](https://oscdn.geek-share.com/Uploads/Images/Content/202001/04/c772642dab5d010ec63b6f0b372955eb.jpg)
![](https://oscdn.geek-share.com/Uploads/Images/Content/202001/04/d922c26b3e37cbfbe88944effde41756.jpg)
GARP消息
·为了高效控制属性的声明和注册,GARP提供了五种类型的消息:
-Empty
-Joinln
-JoinEmpty
-Leave
-LeaveAll
GRAP定时器
·HOLD定时器
·Join定时器
·Leave定时器
·LeaveAll定时器
![](https://oscdn.geek-share.com/Uploads/Images/Content/202001/04/9c9caff6acf8bff5d724c066ec6c5dd2.jpg)
GVRP端口注册模式
·Normal模式
-允许该端口动态注册和注销VLAN
-传播动态VLAN以及静态VLAN信息
·Fixed模式
-禁止该端口动态注册或注销VLAN
-只传播静态VLAN,不传播动态VLAN信息
·Forbidden模式
-禁止该端口动态注册或注销VLAN
-不传播除VLAN1以外的任何VLAN信息
配置GVRP
·开启全局GVRP功能
[Switch]gvrp
·开启端口的gvrp功能
[Switch-Ethernet1/0/1]gvrp
·配置GVRP注册模式
[Switch-Ethernet]gvrp registration {fixed | forbidden | normal }
配置GARP定时器
·设置GARP的LeaveAll定时器的值
[Switch]garp timer leaveall timer-value
·配置Hold定时器、Join定时器和Leave定时器
[Switch-Ethernet1/0/1]garp timer {hold | join | leave }timer-value
![](https://oscdn.geek-share.com/Uploads/Images/Content/202001/04/b93b426abcb5a52eee4cc5bef4856ff0.jpg)
![](https://oscdn.geek-share.com/Uploads/Images/Content/202001/04/9461164517bf2a1f3065e47c6bb809cc.jpg)
VLAN间路由关键命令
·IPFDB(IP Forwarding Database) IP转发数据库
·FIB(Forwarding Information Base) 转发信息库
·DEF_IP(Destination Expedited Forwarding) 目的快速转发
引入
VLAN路由的实现方式
交换机的三层转发采用硬件进行,效率大大超过路由器
![](https://oscdn.geek-share.com/Uploads/Images/Content/202001/04/ffbbe2b7031eb6ef19dc97dcaf1bf5a4.jpg)
![](https://oscdn.geek-share.com/Uploads/Images/Content/202001/04/c761eb080102b2f6b36e159eed119fa9.jpg)
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![](https://oscdn.geek-share.com/Uploads/Images/Content/202001/04/64c223097839627d2cc2e81201065abb.jpg)
创建VLAN接口配置命令
·创建VLAN接口
[switch]interface lan-interface vlan-interface-id
·配置Vlan接口的IP地址
[switch-vlan-interface-id]ip address ip-address {mask | mask-length} [sub]
![](https://oscdn.geek-share.com/Uploads/Images/Content/202001/04/b63f55d05f332531a78b82f47782ae22.jpg)
VLAN扩展技术关键命令
·Islate 隔离
·Super 非常
·Secondary 次
·Sub 子
![](https://oscdn.geek-share.com/Uploads/Images/Content/202001/04/d7e953b0a5befc12ef4d5e0ed00fdb67.jpg)
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![](https://oscdn.geek-share.com/Uploads/Images/Content/202001/04/7fc6e193fa00bdd6cecb72b2dce35f9c.jpg)
Super VLAN技术中的概念
·Super VLAN
-只建立三层接口而不包含物理端口
-若干Sub VLAN的集合,并为Sub VLAN提供三层转发服务。
·Sub VLAN
-只映射若干物理端口,负责保留各自独立的广播域
-不能建立三层VLAN接口
-与外部的三层交换是靠Super VLAN的三层接口来实现
![](https://oscdn.geek-share.com/Uploads/Images/Content/202001/04/e4b044dc2cf2e41e77377288273423ff.jpg)
![](https://oscdn.geek-share.com/Uploads/Images/Content/202001/04/bd7c0750d527750adb661992afd57fe5.jpg)
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![](https://oscdn.geek-share.com/Uploads/Images/Content/202001/04/a2501a72992b029baff3ca813673fd40.jpg)
共享网络:
所有终端都共享总线的带宽
交换网络:
每一个交换机端口是独立带宽
![](https://oscdn.geek-share.com/Uploads/Images/Content/202001/04/b6bbfa992c655bc600076ba63efde51e.jpg)
![](https://oscdn.geek-share.com/Uploads/Images/Content/202001/04/0a197c4140647d658d4109f522022154.jpg)
![](https://oscdn.geek-share.com/Uploads/Images/Content/202001/04/544311d17720e7b618e8cd784a5f7382.jpg)
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![](https://oscdn.geek-share.com/Uploads/Images/Content/202001/04/75d77e93d3f048a526bfe3158fcf5d19.jpg)
配置VLAN
![](https://oscdn.geek-share.com/Uploads/Images/Content/202001/04/a8f2fdea56942eded11e7ba48297b7d9.jpg)
![](https://oscdn.geek-share.com/Uploads/Images/Content/202001/04/35d1e356764fb4c9c372076cf642f8b8.jpg)
![](https://oscdn.geek-share.com/Uploads/Images/Content/202001/04/42a76b25bc5ba4cae8a407491038bfb9.jpg)
一个VLAN=一个广播域=一个逻辑子网
![](https://oscdn.geek-share.com/Uploads/Images/Content/202001/04/14e8f33fc45fca41833cc92c1889aa13.jpg)
![](https://oscdn.geek-share.com/Uploads/Images/Content/202001/04/132df559f16e109b42ac7f03bfe20d80.jpg)
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![](https://oscdn.geek-share.com/Uploads/Images/Content/202001/04/c81e11e6e5bc4c7ca73172cb2aa8f64a.jpg)
H3C交换机的二层接口类型:
1.Access接入接口(才能够被划分VLAN)
2.Trunk中继接口(Trunk链路可以承载多个Vlan的信息)(仅仅允许默认Vlan的数据帧不带标签)
3.Hybrid混合端口(允许多个VLAN的数据帧不带标签)
Vlan基本配置
·创建Vlan并进入VLAN视图
[Switch]vlan vlan-id
·将指定端口加入到当前VLAN中
[Switch-vlan10] port interface-list
配置Trunk端口
·配置端口的链路类型为Trunk类型
[Switch-Ethernet1/0/1]port link-type trunk
*H3C的Trunk链路默认只允许Vlan1通过
·允许指定的VLAN通过当前的Trunk端口
[Switch-Ethernet1/0/1]port trunk permit vlan {vlan-id-list | all}
·设置Trunk端口的缺省VLAN
[Switch-Ethernet1/0/1]port trunk pvid vlan vlan-id
·配置端口的链路类型为Hybrid类型
[Switch-Ethernet1/0/1]port link-type hybird
·允许指定的VLAN通过当前Hybrid端口
[Switch-Ethernet1/0/1]port hybrid vlan vlan-id-list {tagged | untaaged}
·设置Hybrid端口的缺省VLAN
[Switch-Ethernet1/0/1]port hybrid pvid vlan vlan-id
![](https://oscdn.geek-share.com/Uploads/Images/Content/202001/04/267a307dddbf593503a74cddcc5a6d47.jpg)
![](https://oscdn.geek-share.com/Uploads/Images/Content/202001/04/f6dd425ddb5ec7a018a0da800e64394c.jpg)
VLAN的配置关键命令
·VLAN Virtual LAN 虚拟局域网
·tagged 标记
·access 访问
·trunk 干道
·hybird 混杂
![](https://oscdn.geek-share.com/Uploads/Images/Content/202001/04/a69c91faadf742c45e4d2034ac772f8c.jpg)
![](https://oscdn.geek-share.com/Uploads/Images/Content/202001/04/590c1eb5d38f8cb30113f829105ecd44.jpg)
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![](https://oscdn.geek-share.com/Uploads/Images/Content/202001/04/f44138328c639d60d70629b5e5a2c6b4.jpg)
![](https://oscdn.geek-share.com/Uploads/Images/Content/202001/04/3d4b4737932d37313dc47d20100090ac.jpg)
提问思考
根据端口划分VLAN,用户变化座位之后需要工程师重新划分接口所属VLAN,工作频繁,任务量大。
![](https://oscdn.geek-share.com/Uploads/Images/Content/202001/04/6e78878e2622ecedc2c654ad81ec6bd9.jpg)
Access、Trunk、Hybird的接口,当进入交换机,都自动打上自己的PVID。
Access、Trunk出来时,自动拨PVID;Hybird出来时,需要手工拨PVID。
VLAN信息的传播关键命令
·registration 注册
·normal 正常
·fixed 固定
·forbidden 被禁止
技术内容
交换机可以根据VLAN信息在不同的范围内进行帧转发从而隔离广播帧的转发范围
本章将介绍适用于大规模网络
![](https://oscdn.geek-share.com/Uploads/Images/Content/202001/04/c772642dab5d010ec63b6f0b372955eb.jpg)
![](https://oscdn.geek-share.com/Uploads/Images/Content/202001/04/d922c26b3e37cbfbe88944effde41756.jpg)
GARP消息
·为了高效控制属性的声明和注册,GARP提供了五种类型的消息:
-Empty
-Joinln
-JoinEmpty
-Leave
-LeaveAll
GRAP定时器
·HOLD定时器
·Join定时器
·Leave定时器
·LeaveAll定时器
![](https://oscdn.geek-share.com/Uploads/Images/Content/202001/04/9c9caff6acf8bff5d724c066ec6c5dd2.jpg)
GVRP端口注册模式
·Normal模式
-允许该端口动态注册和注销VLAN
-传播动态VLAN以及静态VLAN信息
·Fixed模式
-禁止该端口动态注册或注销VLAN
-只传播静态VLAN,不传播动态VLAN信息
·Forbidden模式
-禁止该端口动态注册或注销VLAN
-不传播除VLAN1以外的任何VLAN信息
配置GVRP
·开启全局GVRP功能
[Switch]gvrp
·开启端口的gvrp功能
[Switch-Ethernet1/0/1]gvrp
·配置GVRP注册模式
[Switch-Ethernet]gvrp registration {fixed | forbidden | normal }
配置GARP定时器
·设置GARP的LeaveAll定时器的值
[Switch]garp timer leaveall timer-value
·配置Hold定时器、Join定时器和Leave定时器
[Switch-Ethernet1/0/1]garp timer {hold | join | leave }timer-value
![](https://oscdn.geek-share.com/Uploads/Images/Content/202001/04/b93b426abcb5a52eee4cc5bef4856ff0.jpg)
![](https://oscdn.geek-share.com/Uploads/Images/Content/202001/04/9461164517bf2a1f3065e47c6bb809cc.jpg)
VLAN间路由关键命令
·IPFDB(IP Forwarding Database) IP转发数据库
·FIB(Forwarding Information Base) 转发信息库
·DEF_IP(Destination Expedited Forwarding) 目的快速转发
引入
VLAN路由的实现方式
交换机的三层转发采用硬件进行,效率大大超过路由器
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创建VLAN接口配置命令
·创建VLAN接口
[switch]interface lan-interface vlan-interface-id
·配置Vlan接口的IP地址
[switch-vlan-interface-id]ip address ip-address {mask | mask-length} [sub]
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VLAN扩展技术关键命令
·Islate 隔离
·Super 非常
·Secondary 次
·Sub 子
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Super VLAN技术中的概念
·Super VLAN
-只建立三层接口而不包含物理端口
-若干Sub VLAN的集合,并为Sub VLAN提供三层转发服务。
·Sub VLAN
-只映射若干物理端口,负责保留各自独立的广播域
-不能建立三层VLAN接口
-与外部的三层交换是靠Super VLAN的三层接口来实现
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