IOS上实现的自定义仪表盘示例

今天给大家带来一个自定义的仪表盘，效果图如下。

Demo中用到了 QuartzCore类 首先继承一个UIView。

// Gauge.h
// GaugeDemo
//
// Created by 海锋 周 on 12-3-27.
// Copyright (c) 2012年 CJLU rights reserved.
//
#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>
#import <QuartzCore/QuartzCore.h>
@interface Gauge : UIView
{
UIImage *gaugeView;
UIImageView *pointer;
CGFloat maxNum;
CGFloat minNum;
CGFloat maxAngle;
CGFloat minAngle;
CGFloat gaugeValue;
CGFloat gaugeAngle;
CGFloat angleperValue;
CGFloat scoleNum;
NSMutableArray *labelArray;
CGContextRef context;
}
@property (nonatomic,retain) UIImage *gaugeView;
@property (nonatomic,retain) UIImageView *pointer;
@property (nonatomic,retain) NSMutableArray *labelArray;
@property (nonatomic) CGContextRef context;
-(void)setGaugeValue:(CGFloat)value animation:(BOOL)isAnim;
@end

指针的旋转是通过QuartzCore.framework中的CATransform3DRotate 来实现的，所以一定要记得把框架添加进来。当然在旋转之前，我们还需要把指针的中心pointer.layer.anchorPoint 移动到你需要的转动中心。

在设置旋转动画的时候，我们用的不是CABaseAnimiation 而是用  CAKeyframeAnimation。这是因为如果使用中的 toValue 来实现旋转的话，它默认是以最小的旋转的，如果要实现控制旋转的方向的话，我们就只能用关键帧来设置旋转的路径。用关键帧的好处还有一个，就是可以给指针添加，旋转到指定位置以后的左右摆动的效果。

绘制仪表盘是通过Quartz2D来实现的，首先我们需要用UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext函数来获取一个Context上下文，就是相当于获取一个画布。然后就可以在上面通过三角函数的计算，画出背景图片，和上面的刻度线了。

// Gauge.m
// GaugeDemo
//
// Created by 海锋 周 on 12-3-27.
// Copyright (c) 2012年 CJLU. All rights reserved.
//
#import "Gauge.h"
#import <QuartzCore/QuartzCore.h>
#define MAXOFFSETANGLE 120.0f
#define POINTEROFFSET 90.0f
#define MAXVALUE    120.0f
#define CELLMARKNUM  5
#define CELLNUM    12
#define GAUGESTRING  @"单位:Km/h"
#define DEFLUATSIZE  300
/************************************************
仪表盘的大小不建议设置的太小。
长宽都是300是最适合的
如果要更小的需要自行修改刻度长度和文字大小
---powered by 周海锋
2012-3-29
***********************************************/
@implementation Gauge
@interface Gauge (private)
- (CGFloat) parseToX:(CGFloat) radius Angle:(CGFloat)angle;
- (CGFloat) parseToY:(CGFloat) radius Angle:(CGFloat)angle;
- (CGFloat) transToRadian:(CGFloat)angel;
- (CGFloat) parseToAngle:(CGFloat) val;
- (CGFloat) parseToValue:(CGFloat) val;
- (void)setTextLabel:(NSInteger)labelNum;
- (void)setLineMark:(NSInteger)labelNum;
- (void) pointToAngle:(CGFloat) angle Duration:(CGFloat) duration;
@end
@synthesize gaugeView,pointer,context;
@synthesize labelArray;
- (id)initWithFrame:(CGRect)frame
{
self = [super initWithFrame:frame];
if (self) {
//设置背景透明
[self setBackgroundColor:[UIColor clearColor]];
scoleNum = DEFLUATSIZE/frame.size.width;
maxNum = MAXVALUE;
minNum = 0.0f;
minAngle = -MAXOFFSETANGLE;
maxAngle = MAXOFFSETANGLE;
gaugeValue = 0.0f;
gaugeAngle = -MAXOFFSETANGLE;
angleperValue = (maxAngle - minAngle)/(maxNum - minNum);
gaugeView= [UIImage imageNamed:@"gaugeback.png"];
//添加指针
UIImage *_pointer = [UIImage imageNamed:@"pointer2.png"];
pointer = [[UIImageView alloc] initWithImage:_pointer];
pointer.layer.anchorPoint = CGPointMake(0.5, 0.78);
pointer.center = self.center;
pointer.transform = CGAffineTransformMakeScale(scoleNum, scoleNum);
[self addSubview:pointer];
//设置文字标签
[self setTextLabel:CELLNUM];
//设置指针到0位置
pointer.layer.transform = CATransform3DMakeRotation([self transToRadian:-MAXOFFSETANGLE], 0, 0, 1);
}
return self;
}
/*
* setTextLabel 绘制刻度值
* @labelNum NSInteger 刻度值的数目
*/
-(void)setTextLabel:(NSInteger)labelNum
{
labelArray = [NSMutableArray arrayWithCapacity:labelNum];
CGFloat textDis = (maxNum - minNum)/labelNum;
CGFloat angelDis = (maxAngle - minAngle)/labelNum;
CGFloat radius = (self.center.x - 75)*scoleNum;
CGFloat currentAngle;
CGFloat currentText = 0.0f;
CGPoint centerPoint = self.center;
for(int i=0;i<=labelNum;i++)
{
currentAngle = minAngle + i * angelDis - POINTEROFFSET;
currentText = minNum + i * textDis;
UILabel *label = [[UILabel alloc]initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0 , 0 , 30, 50)];
label.autoresizesSubviews = YES;
label.textColor = [UIColor whiteColor];
label.backgroundColor = [UIColor clearColor];
//设置刻度的文字的格式
if(i<labelNum/2){
label.textAlignment = UITextAlignmentLeft;
}else if (i==labelNum/2){
label.textAlignment = UITextAlignmentCenter;
}else{
label.textAlignment = UITextAlignmentRight;
}
label.text = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%d",(int)currentText];
label.center = CGPointMake(centerPoint.x+[self parseToX:radius Angle:currentAngle],centerPoint.y+[self parseToY:radius Angle:currentAngle]);
[labelArray addObject:label];
[self addSubview:label];
}
// 设置刻度表的名称
UILabel *label = [[UILabel alloc]initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0 , 0 ,100, 40)];
label.autoresizesSubviews = YES;
label.textColor = [UIColor whiteColor];
label.backgroundColor = [UIColor clearColor];
label.textAlignment = UITextAlignmentCenter;
label.text = GAUGESTRING;
label.center = CGPointMake(centerPoint.x,centerPoint.y*3/2);
[self addSubview:label];
}
/*
* setLineMark 绘制刻度的标记
* @labelNum NSInteger 刻度是数目
*/
-(void)setLineMark:(NSInteger)labelNum
{
CGFloat angelDis = (maxAngle - minAngle)/labelNum;
CGFloat radius = self.center.x;
CGFloat currentAngle;
CGPoint centerPoint = CGPointMake(self.frame.size.width/2, self.frame.size.height/2);
for(int i=0;i<=labelNum;i++)
{
currentAngle = minAngle + i * angelDis - POINTEROFFSET;
//给刻度标记绘制不同的颜色
if(i>labelNum*2/3)
{
CGContextSetStrokeColorWithColor(context, [[UIColor colorWithRed:1 green:0 blue:0 alpha:0.8] CGColor]);
}else if(i>labelNum*1/3){
CGContextSetStrokeColorWithColor(context, [[UIColor colorWithRed:1 green:1 blue:0 alpha:0.8] CGColor]);
}else{
CGContextSetStrokeColorWithColor(context, [[UIColor colorWithRed:0 green:1 blue:0 alpha:0.8] CGColor]);
}
//绘制不同的长短的刻度
if(i%5==0)
{
CGContextSetLineCap(context, kCGLineCapSquare);
CGContextSetLineWidth(context, 3);
CGContextStrokePath(context);
CGContextMoveToPoint(context,centerPoint.x+[self parseToX:radius-25*scoleNum Angle:currentAngle], centerPoint.y+[self parseToY:radius-25*scoleNum Angle:currentAngle]);
CGContextAddLineToPoint(context,centerPoint.x+[self parseToX:radius-65*scoleNum Angle:currentAngle], centerPoint.y+[self parseToY:radius-65*scoleNum Angle:currentAngle]);
}else{
CGContextSetLineWidth(context, 2);
CGContextSetLineCap(context, kCGLineCapSquare);
CGContextStrokePath(context);
CGContextMoveToPoint(context,centerPoint.x+[self parseToX:radius-25*scoleNum Angle:currentAngle], centerPoint.y+[self parseToY:radius-25*scoleNum Angle:currentAngle]);
CGContextAddLineToPoint(context,centerPoint.x+[self parseToX:radius-40*scoleNum Angle:currentAngle], centerPoint.y+[self parseToY:radius-40*scoleNum Angle:currentAngle]);
}
}
}
/*
* setGaugeValue 移动到某个数值
* @value CGFloat 移动到的数值
* @isAnim BOOL  是否执行动画
*/
-(void)setGaugeValue:(CGFloat)value animation:(BOOL)isAnim
{
CGFloat tempAngle = [self parseToAngle:value];
gaugeValue = value;
//设置转动时间和转动动画
if(isAnim){
[self pointToAngle:tempAngle Duration:0.6f];
}else
{
[self pointToAngle:tempAngle Duration:0.0f];
}
}
/*
* pointToAngle 按角度旋转
* @angel CGFloat 角度
* @duration CGFloat 动画执行时间
*/
- (void) pointToAngle:(CGFloat) angle Duration:(CGFloat) duration
{
CAKeyframeAnimation *anim=[CAKeyframeAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"transform"];
NSMutableArray *values=[NSMutableArray array];
anim.duration = duration;
anim.autoreverses = NO;
anim.fillMode = kCAFillModeForwards;
anim.removedOnCompletion= NO;
CGFloat distance = angle/10;
//设置转动路径，不能直接用 CABaseAnimation 的toValue，那样是按最短路径的，转动超过180度时无法控制方向
int i = 1;
for(;i<=10;i++){
[values addObject:[NSValue valueWithCATransform3D:CATransform3DRotate(CATransform3DIdentity, [self transToRadian:(gaugeAngle+distance*i)], 0, 0, 1)]];
}
//添加缓动效果
[values addObject:[NSValue valueWithCATransform3D:CATransform3DRotate(CATransform3DIdentity, [self transToRadian:(gaugeAngle+distance*(i))], 0, 0, 1)]];
[values addObject:[NSValue valueWithCATransform3D:CATransform3DRotate(CATransform3DIdentity, [self transToRadian:(gaugeAngle+distance*(i-2))], 0, 0, 1)]];
[values addObject:[NSValue valueWithCATransform3D:CATransform3DRotate(CATransform3DIdentity, [self transToRadian:(gaugeAngle+distance*(i-1))], 0, 0, 1)]];
anim.values=values; ;
[pointer.layer addAnimation:anim forKey:@"cubeIn"];
gaugeAngle = gaugeAngle+angle;
}
/*
* parseToX 角度转弧度
* @angel CGFloat 角度
*/
-(CGFloat)transToRadian:(CGFloat)angel
{
return angel*M_PI/180;
}
/*
* parseToX 根据角度，半径计算X坐标
* @radius CGFloat 半径
* @angle CGFloat 角度
*/
- (CGFloat) parseToX:(CGFloat) radius Angle:(CGFloat)angle
{
CGFloat tempRadian = [self transToRadian:angle];
return radius*cos(tempRadian);
}
/*
* parseToY 根据角度，半径计算Y坐标
* @radius CGFloat 半径
* @angle CGFloat 角度
*/
- (CGFloat) parseToY:(CGFloat) radius Angle:(CGFloat)angle
{
CGFloat tempRadian = [self transToRadian:angle];
return radius*sin(tempRadian);
}
/*
* parseToAngle 根据数据计算需要转动的角度
* @val CGFloat 要移动到的数值
*/
-(CGFloat) parseToAngle:(CGFloat) val
{
//异常的数据
if(val<minNum){
return minNum;
}else if(val>maxNum){
return maxNum;
}
CGFloat temp =(val-gaugeValue)*angleperValue;
return temp;
}
/*
* parseToValue 根据角度计算数值
* @val CGFloat 要移动到的角度
*/
-(CGFloat) parseToValue:(CGFloat) val
{
CGFloat temp=val/angleperValue;
CGFloat temp2=maxNum/2+temp;
if(temp2>maxNum){
return maxNum;
}else if(temp2<maxNum){
return maxNum;
}
return temp2;
}
- (void)drawRect:(CGRect)rect
{
//获取上下文
context = UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext();
//设置背景透明
CGContextSetFillColorWithColor(context,self.backgroundColor.CGColor);
CGContextFillRect(context, rect);
//绘制仪表背景
[[self gaugeView ]drawInRect:self.bounds];
//绘制刻度
[self setLineMark:CELLNUM*CELLMARKNUM];
CGContextStrokePath(context);
}
@end

Demo的下载地址：http://xiazai.jb51.net/201701/yuanma/GaugeDemo_jb51.rar

以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持脚本之家。

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