Android拍照或者选取本地图片

总体流程

从selectPhotoActivity中启动图册或者相机，再根据获取的uri进行裁剪，返回uri，再对这个uri执行一系列操纵。

从相册选取图片

private void pickPhoto() {
Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_PICK,
android.provider.MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI);
startActivityForResult(intent, SELECT_PIC_BY_PICK_PHOTO);
}

使用隐式intent启动相机。

拍照获取图片

private void takePhoto() {
// 执行拍照前，应该先判断SD卡是否存在
String SDState = Environment.getExternalStorageState();
if (SDState.equals(Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED)) {
Intent intent = new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE);// "android.media.action.IMAGE_CAPTURE"
File path = Environment
.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_DCIM);
File file = new File(path, IMAGE_FILE_NAME);
takePhoto = Uri.fromFile(file);
intent.putExtra(android.provider.MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, takePhoto);
startActivityForResult(intent, SELECT_PIC_BY_TACK_PHOTO);
} else {
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "内存卡不存在",
Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
}

值得注意的一点是，intent.putExtra(android.provider.MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, takePhoto)中，设置了拍完照照片的存放路径takePhoto，在此情况下，部分机型的onActivityResult()中不会返回数据，即data.getData()为空，因为可以根据存放路径即可获取拍照图片。

裁剪图片

public void startPhotoZoom(Uri uri) {
Intent intent = new Intent("com.android.camera.action.CROP");
intent.setDataAndType(uri, "image/*");
// 设置裁剪
intent.putExtra("crop", "true");
// aspectX aspectY 是宽高的比例
intent.putExtra("aspectX", 1);
intent.putExtra("aspectY", 1);
// outputX outputY 是裁剪图片宽高
intent.putExtra("outputX", 340);
intent.putExtra("outputY", 340);
//将URI指向相应的file:///…
intent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, uri);
// 不返回图片文件
intent.putExtra("return-data", false);
startActivityForResult(intent, RESULT_REQUEST_CODE);
}

裁剪方法调用android自带的裁剪库，部分深度定制的机型，如魅族，可能不存在该库，那么就需要自定义或者使用开源裁剪库。

返回的数据的处理

protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
if (resultCode != Activity.RESULT_OK) {
Log.e("TAG","ActivityResult resultCode error");
return;
}

switch (requestCode){
case SELECT_PIC_BY_PICK_PHOTO:
Uri uri = data.getData();
if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(uri.getAuthority())) {
//查询选择图片
Cursor cursor = getContentResolver().query(
uri,
new String[] { MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA },
null,
null,
null);
//返回 没找到选择图片
if (null == cursor) {
return;
}
//光标移动至开头 获取图片路径
cursor.moveToFirst();
picPath = cursor.getString(cursor
.getColumnIndex(MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA));
Log.d("图片路径啊啊啊啊啊啊",picPath);
}
break;
case SELECT_PIC_BY_TACK_PHOTO:
//裁剪图片
startPhotoZoom(takePhoto);
break;
case RESULT_REQUEST_CODE :
if (data != null) {
Log.d("图片路径",data.getData().toString());
picPath = getPathByUri4kitkat(getApplicationContext(),data.getData());
Log.d("图片路径啊啊啊啊啊啊",picPath);
}
break;
}
if(requestCode != SELECT_PIC_BY_TACK_PHOTO) {
lastIntent.putExtra(KEY_PHOTO_PATH, picPath);
setResult(Activity.RESULT_OK, lastIntent);
finish();
}
super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);

}

因为在本activity中可能启动三个新的activity，即拍照activity，相册activity，裁剪activity。需要注意，拍完照的图片需要经过裁剪，即，只有从相册选取和裁剪返回的数据可以setRuselt()，故需要添加一个if语句加以判别。

根据Uri获取真实路径

还是因为机型适配的问题，以下提供两种方法，大家自己尝试：

方法一

public static String getRealPathFromURI(final Context context, final Uri uri ) {
if ( null == uri ) return null;
final String scheme = uri.getScheme();
String data = null;
if ( scheme == null )
data = uri.getPath();
else if ( ContentResolver.SCHEME_FILE.equals( scheme ) ) {
data = uri.getPath();
} else if ( ContentResolver.SCHEME_CONTENT.equals( scheme ) ) {
Cursor cursor = context.getContentResolver().query( uri, new String[] { MediaStore.Images.ImageColumns.DATA }, null, null, null );
if ( null != cursor ) {
if ( cursor.moveToFirst() ) {
int index = cursor.getColumnIndex( MediaStore.Images.ImageColumns.DATA );
if ( index > -1 ) {
data = cursor.getString( index );
}
}
cursor.close();
}
}
return data;
}

方法二

@SuppressLint("NewApi")
public static String getPathByUri4kitkat(final Context context, final Uri uri) {
final boolean isKitKat = Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.KITKAT;
// DocumentProvider
if (isKitKat && DocumentsContract.isDocumentUri(context, uri)) {
if (isExternalStorageDocument(uri)) {// ExternalStorageProvider
final String docId = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);
final String[] split = docId.split(":");
final String type = split[0];
if ("primary".equalsIgnoreCase(type)) {
return Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + "/" + split[1];
}
} else if (isDownloadsDocument(uri)) {// DownloadsProvider
final String id = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);
final Uri contentUri = ContentUris.withAppendedId(Uri.parse("content://downloads/public_downloads"),
Long.valueOf(id));
return getDataColumn(context, contentUri, null, null);
} else if (isMediaDocument(uri)) {// MediaProvider
final String docId = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);
final String[] split = docId.split(":");
final String type = split[0];
Uri contentUri = null;
if ("image".equals(type)) {
contentUri = MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;
} else if ("video".equals(type)) {
contentUri = MediaStore.Video.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;
} else if ("audio".equals(type)) {
contentUri = MediaStore.Audio.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;
}
final String selection = "_id=?";
final String[] selectionArgs = new String[] { split[1] };
return getDataColumn(context, contentUri, selection, selectionArgs);
}
} else if ("content".equalsIgnoreCase(uri.getScheme())) {// MediaStore
// (and
// general)
return getDataColumn(context, uri, null, null);
} else if ("file".equalsIgnoreCase(uri.getScheme())) {// File
return uri.getPath();
}
return null;
}

/**
* Get the value of the data column for this Uri. This is useful for
* MediaStore Uris, and other file-based ContentProviders.
*
* @param context
*            The context.
* @param uri
*            The Uri to query.
* @param selection
*            (Optional) Filter used in the query.
* @param selectionArgs
*            (Optional) Selection arguments used in the query.
* @return The value of the _data column, which is typically a file path.
*/
public static String getDataColumn(Context context, Uri uri, String selection, String[] selectionArgs) {
Cursor cursor = null;
final String column = "_data";
final String[] projection = { column };
try {
cursor = context.getContentResolver().query(uri, projection, selection, selectionArgs, null);
if (cursor != null && cursor.moveToFirst()) {
final int column_index = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(column);
return cursor.getString(column_index);
}
} finally {
if (cursor != null)
cursor.close();
}
return null;
}

/**
* @param uri
*            The Uri to check.
* @return Whether the Uri authority is ExternalStorageProvider.
*/
public static boolean isExternalStorageDocument(Uri uri) {
return "com.android.externalstorage.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());
}

/**
* @param uri
*            The Uri to check.
* @return Whether the Uri authority is DownloadsProvider.
*/
public static boolean isDownloadsDocument(Uri uri) {
return "com.android.providers.downloads.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());
}

/**
* @param uri
*            The Uri to check.
* @return Whether the Uri authority is MediaProvider.
*/
public static boolean isMediaDocument(Uri uri) {
return "com.android.providers.media.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());
}

整体代码

public class selectPhotoActivity extends Activity implements View.OnClickListener{

/** 使用照相机拍照获取图片 */
public static final int SELECT_PIC_BY_TACK_PHOTO = 1;
/** 使用相册中的图片 */
public static final int SELECT_PIC_BY_PICK_PHOTO = 2;
/** 裁剪图片 */
private static final int RESULT_REQUEST_CODE = 3;
/** 开启相机 */
private Button btn_take_photo;
/** 开启图册 */
private Button btn_pick_photo;
/** 取消 */
private Button btn_cancel;
/** 图片名称 */
private static final String IMAGE_FILE_NAME = "image.jpg";
/** 获取到的图片路径 */
private String picPath;
//保存裁剪后的图像
private Bitmap photo;
private Intent lastIntent;
private Uri takePhoto;
/** 从Intent获取图片路径的KEY */
public static final String KEY_PHOTO_PATH = "photo_path";
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_select_photo);

btn_take_photo = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_take_photo);
btn_pick_photo = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_pick_photo);
btn_cancel = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_cancel);

lastIntent = getIntent();

btn_take_photo.setOnClickListener(this);
btn_pick_photo.setOnClickListener(this);
btn_cancel.setOnClickListener(this);
}

@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
switch (v.getId()) {
case R.id.btn_take_photo : // 开启相机
takePhoto();
break;
case R.id.btn_pick_photo : // 开启图册
pickPhoto();
break;
case R.id.btn_cancel : // 取消操作
this.finish();
break;
default :
break;
}
}

/**
* 拍照获取图片
*/
private void takePhoto() {
// 执行拍照前，应该先判断SD卡是否存在
String SDState = Environment.getExternalStorageState();
if (SDState.equals(Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED)) {
Intent intent = new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE);// "android.media.action.IMAGE_CAPTURE"
File path = Environment
.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_DCIM);
File file = new File(path, IMAGE_FILE_NAME);
takePhoto = Uri.fromFile(file);
intent.putExtra(android.provider.MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, takePhoto);
startActivityForResult(intent, SELECT_PIC_BY_TACK_PHOTO);
} else {
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "内存卡不存在",
Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
}

/***
* 从相册中取图片
*/
private void pickPhoto() {
Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_PICK,
android.provider.MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI);
startActivityForResult(intent, SELECT_PIC_BY_PICK_PHOTO);
}

@Override
public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
finish();
return super.onTouchEvent(event);
}

@Override
protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
if (resultCode != Activity.RESULT_OK) {
Log.e("TAG","ActivityResult resultCode error");
return;
}

switch (requestCode){
case SELECT_PIC_BY_PICK_PHOTO:
Uri uri = data.getData();
if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(uri.getAuthority())) {
//查询选择图片
Cursor cursor = getContentResolver().query(
uri,
new String[] { MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA },
null,
null,
null);
//返回 没找到选择图片
if (null == cursor) {
return;
}
//光标移动至开头 获取图片路径
cursor.moveToFirst();
picPath = cursor.getString(cursor
.getColumnIndex(MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA));
Log.d("图片路径啊啊啊啊啊啊",picPath);
}
break;
case SELECT_PIC_BY_TACK_PHOTO:
//裁剪图片
startPhotoZoom(takePhoto);
break;
case RESULT_REQUEST_CODE :
if (data != null) {
Log.d("图片路径",data.getData().toString());
picPath = getPathByUri4kitkat(getApplicationContext(),data.getData());
Log.d("图片路径啊啊啊啊啊啊",picPath);
}
break;
}
if(requestCode != SELECT_PIC_BY_TACK_PHOTO) {
lastIntent.putExtra(KEY_PHOTO_PATH, picPath);
setResult(Activity.RESULT_OK, lastIntent);
finish();
}
super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);

}

/**
* 裁剪图片方法实现
*
* @param uri
*/
public void startPhotoZoom(Uri uri) {
Intent intent = new Intent("com.android.camera.action.CROP");
intent.setDataAndType(uri, "image/*");
// 设置裁剪
intent.putExtra("crop", "true");
// aspectX aspectY 是宽高的比例
intent.putExtra("aspectX", 1);
intent.putExtra("aspectY", 1);
// outputX outputY 是裁剪图片宽高
intent.putExtra("outputX", 340);
intent.putExtra("outputY", 340);
//将URI指向相应的file:///…
intent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, uri);
// 不返回图片文件
intent.putExtra("return-data", false);
startActivityForResult(intent, RESULT_REQUEST_CODE);
}

//Android 4.4后通过Uri获取路径以及文件名一种方法
public static String getRealPathFromURI(final Context context, final Uri uri ) {
if ( null == uri ) return null;
final String scheme = uri.getScheme();
String data = null;
if ( scheme == null )
data = uri.getPath();
else if ( ContentResolver.SCHEME_FILE.equals( scheme ) ) {
data = uri.getPath();
} else if ( ContentResolver.SCHEME_CONTENT.equals( scheme ) ) {
Cursor cursor = context.getContentResolver().query( uri, new String[] { MediaStore.Images.ImageColumns.DATA }, null, null, null );
if ( null != cursor ) {
if ( cursor.moveToFirst() ) {
int index = cursor.getColumnIndex( MediaStore.Images.ImageColumns.DATA );
if ( index > -1 ) {
data = cursor.getString( index );
}
}
cursor.close();
}
}
return data;
}

// 专为Android4.4设计的从Uri获取文件绝对路径，以前的方法已不好使
@SuppressLint("NewApi")
public static String getPathByUri4kitkat(final Context context, final Uri uri) {
final boolean isKitKat = Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.KITKAT;
// DocumentProvider
if (isKitKat && DocumentsContract.isDocumentUri(context, uri)) {
if (isExternalStorageDocument(uri)) {// ExternalStorageProvider
final String docId = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);
final String[] split = docId.split(":");
final String type = split[0];
if ("primary".equalsIgnoreCase(type)) {
return Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + "/" + split[1];
}
} else if (isDownloadsDocument(uri)) {// DownloadsProvider
final String id = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);
final Uri contentUri = ContentUris.withAppendedId(Uri.parse("content://downloads/public_downloads"),
Long.valueOf(id));
return getDataColumn(context, contentUri, null, null);
} else if (isMediaDocument(uri)) {// MediaProvider
final String docId = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);
final String[] split = docId.split(":");
final String type = split[0];
Uri contentUri = null;
if ("image".equals(type)) {
contentUri = MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;
} else if ("video".equals(type)) {
contentUri = MediaStore.Video.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;
} else if ("audio".equals(type)) {
contentUri = MediaStore.Audio.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;
}
final String selection = "_id=?";
final String[] selectionArgs = new String[] { split[1] };
return getDataColumn(context, contentUri, selection, selectionArgs);
}
} else if ("content".equalsIgnoreCase(uri.getScheme())) {// MediaStore
// (and
// general)
return getDataColumn(context, uri, null, null);
} else if ("file".equalsIgnoreCase(uri.getScheme())) {// File
return uri.getPath();
}
return null;
}

/**
* Get the value of the data column for this Uri. This is useful for
* MediaStore Uris, and other file-based ContentProviders.
*
* @param context
*            The context.
* @param uri
*            The Uri to query.
* @param selection
*            (Optional) Filter used in the query.
* @param selectionArgs
*            (Optional) Selection arguments used in the query.
* @return The value of the _data column, which is typically a file path.
*/
public static String getDataColumn(Context context, Uri uri, String selection, String[] selectionArgs) {
Cursor cursor = null;
final String column = "_data";
final String[] projection = { column };
try {
cursor = context.getContentResolver().query(uri, projection, selection, selectionArgs, null);
if (cursor != null && cursor.moveToFirst()) {
final int column_index = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(column);
return cursor.getString(column_index);
}
} finally {
if (cursor != null)
cursor.close();
}
return null;
}

/**
* @param uri
*            The Uri to check.
* @return Whether the Uri authority is ExternalStorageProvider.
*/
public static boolean isExternalStorageDocument(Uri uri) {
return "com.android.externalstorage.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());
}

/**
* @param uri
*            The Uri to check.
* @return Whether the Uri authority is DownloadsProvider.
*/
public static boolean isDownloadsDocument(Uri uri) {
return "com.android.providers.downloads.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());
}

/**
* @param uri
*            The Uri to check.
* @return Whether the Uri authority is MediaProvider.
*/
public static boolean isMediaDocument(Uri uri) {
return "com.android.providers.media.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());
}

}