[oracle]Oracle 11g DG搭建(备库使用ASM)

配置信息:

主库

主机名:  r5  

ip:  192.168.0.5 

ORACLE_SID: r5

备库 (注: 备库使用了ASM)

主机名:  r5standby

ip: 192.168.0.9

ORACLE_SID: r5standby

1. 确保两台机器ping主机名能互通(即配置好网络和/etc/hosts解析)

主库/etc/hosts (备库应保持一致)

127.0.0.1               localhost.localdomain localhost
::1             localhost6.localdomain6 localhost6
192.168.0.5     R5.localdomain R5
192.168.0.9     r5standby.localdomain r5standby

2. 创建好主库、备库数据库,配置好监听,确保两台数据库之间可通过tnsname互相连接

主库tnsname.ora (备库应保持一致)

r5 =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = R5.localdomain)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = r5)
)
)
r5standby=
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = r5standby.localdomain)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = r5standby)
(UR=A)
)
)

3. 主备库开启强制日志模式和归档

两库开启强制日志:

alter database force logging;

主库开启归档:

shutdown immediate;
alter database mount;
alter system set log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/bak2/archivelog';
alter database archive log;
alter database open;

备库开启归档: 

shutdown immediate;
alter database mount;
alter diskgroup DATA add directory '+DATA/R5STANDBY/ARC1';
alter system set log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=+DATA/R5STANDBY/ARC1';
alter database archive log;
alter database open;

4. 设置主库参数

alter system set log_archive_config='dg_config=(r5,r5standby)';

alter system set log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/bak2/archivelog VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=r5';
alter system set log_archive_dest_2='SERVICE=r5standby LGWR SYNC VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=r5standby';
alter system set log_archive_dest_state_1='ENABLE';
alter system set log_archive_dest_state_2='DEFER';
alter system set fal_client='R5';
alter system set fal_server='r5standby';
alter system set db_file_name_convert='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/r5/','+data/r5standby/datafile/','/data2/r5/','+data/r5standby/datafile/','/data/r5/','+data/r5standby/datafile/' scope=spfile;
alter system set log_file_name_convert='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/r5/','+data/r5standby/onlinelog/' scope=spfile;
alter system set standby_file_management='AUTO';

主库根据spfile创建pfile
create pfile='/u01/r5_0107.ora' from spfile;

将pfile和密码文件scp到备库:

scp $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapwr5 192.168.0.9:~

scp /u01/r5_0107.ora 192.168.0.9:/u01/app/oracle/product/11g/dbs/

5. 关闭备库后,同时备份主库

主库:

rman target /
run
{
allocate channel c0 device type disk;
allocate channel c1 device type disk;
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '/bak2/backupset/%F';
backup database format '/bak2/backupset/ora11g_full_db_%d_%T_%u.bak';
BACKUP ARCHIVELOG ALL FORMAT '/bak2/backupset/ora11g_arc_%s_%p_%t.bak';
}

这里一般需要较长时间

完成后,scp到备库对应目录(注意目录要一致):

scp -r /bak2/backupset/ 192.168.0.9:/bak2

备库:

备份原密码文件

cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs

mv orapwr5standby orapwr5standby.bk

mv orapwr5 orapwr5standby

修改传送过来的参数文件r5_0107.ora

r5standby.__db_cache_size=12952010752

r5standby.__java_pool_size=67108864

r5standby.__large_pool_size=67108864

r5standby.__oracle_base='/u01/app/oracle'#ORACLE_BASE set from environment

r5standby.__pga_aggregate_target=10200547328

r5standby.__sga_target=15166603264

r5standby.__shared_io_pool_size=0

r5standby.__shared_pool_size=1946157056

r5standby.__streams_pool_size=0

*._system_trig_enabled=FALSE

*.audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/r5standby/adump'

*.audit_trail='db'

*.compatible='11.2.0.0.0'

*.control_files='+DATA/r5standby/controlfile/current.260.932432629'#Restore Controlfile

*.db_block_size=8192

*.db_create_file_dest='+DATA'

*.db_domain=''

*.db_file_name_convert='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/r5/','+data/r5standby/datafile/','/data2/r5/','+data/r5standby/datafile/','/data/r5/','+data/r5standby/datafile/'

*.db_name='r5'

*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=10737418240

*.db_recovery_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area'

*.db_unique_name='r5standby'

*.diagnostic_dest='/u01/app/oracle'

*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=r5standbyXDB)'

*.fal_client='r5standby'

*.fal_server='r5'

*.log_archive_config='dg_config=(r5,r5standby)'

*.log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=+DATA/R5STANDBY/ARC1 VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=r5standby'

*.log_archive_dest_2='SERVICE=r5 LGWR SYNC VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=r5'

*.log_archive_dest_state_1='enable'

*.log_archive_dest_state_2='enable'

*.log_file_name_convert='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/r5/','+data/r5standby/onlinelog/'

*.memory_target=25321013248

*.open_cursors=300*.processes=150

*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'

*.standby_archive_dest='+DATA/R5STANDBY/ARC1'

*.standby_file_management='AUTO'

注意对比红色字的参数,

其中隐式参数_system_trig_enabled=FALSE之所以设为FALSE,是因为我这边主库存在SYS的登录触发器,备库需要禁用,否则打开备库时会报错:

ORA-00604: error occurred at recursive SQL level 1

备库启动到nomount状态:

startup pfile=?/dbs/r5_0107.ora nomount;

然后

create spfile from pfile;

退出sqlplus, 确保主库的所有备份文件已传输到备库对应目录

6. 进入主库,进行RMAN恢复

主库上:

rman target /
connect auxiliary sys/mellson@r5standby
duplicate target database for standby nofilenamecheck;

完成后在主库里设置下参数LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2:

ALTER SYSTEM SET LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2='ENABLE';

7. 添加备库日志

在主库上执行:

ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE GROUP 9 '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/r5/sredo06.log' size 50M;
ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE GROUP 10 '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/r5/sredo08.log' size 50M;

此处应注意日志大小应与主库其原有的日志大小保持一致,否则后面备库日志可能出现下面的信息:

RFS[3]: No standby redo logfiles available for thread 1

RFS[3]: Opened log for thread 1 sequence 1059 dbid -1950166189 branch 865010252

...

备库上增加同样多的日志:

alter database add STANDBY logfile group 9('+DATA/r5standby/onlinelog/sredo06.log') size 50M;
alter database add STANDBY logfile group 10 ('+DATA/r5standby/onlinelog/sredo08.log') size 50M;

8. 备库打开,并启用实时应用日志同步服务

alter database open;
ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE USING CURRENT LOGFILE DISCONNECT FROM SESSION;

最后检查:

主库:

SQL> select protection_mode,database_role,protection_level,open_mode from v$database;

PROTECTION_MODE      DATABASE_ROLE    PROTECTION_LEVEL     OPEN_MODE
-------------------- ---------------- -------------------- --------------------
MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE  PRIMARY          MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE  READ WRITE

备库:

SQL> select protection_mode,database_role,protection_level,open_mode from v$database;

PROTECTION_MODE      DATABASE_ROLE    PROTECTION_LEVEL	   OPEN_MODE
-------------------- ---------------- -------------------- --------------------
MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE  PHYSICAL STANDBY MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE  READ ONLY WITH APPLY

SQL> select group#,thread#,sequence#,status from v$standby_log;

GROUP#    THREAD#  SEQUENCE# STATUS
---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
9	    1	    1062 ACTIVE
10	    1	       0 UNASSIGNED

在主库的某表里增加条数据, 备库里能查询到.

或者主库执行alter system switch logfile;后,观察主备库的日志,是否有异常信息

附我当前备库的日志信息:

Sat Jan 07 20:24:34 2017

Managed Standby Recovery starting Real Time Apply

Parallel Media Recovery started with 8 slaves

Waiting for all non-current ORLs to be archived...

All non-current ORLs have been archived.

Media Recovery Log +DATA/r5standby/arc1/1_1059_865010252.dbf

Media Recovery Waiting for thread 1 sequence 1060 (in transit)

Recovery of Online Redo Log: Thread 1 Group 9 Seq 1060 Reading mem 0

  Mem# 0: +DATA/r5standby/onlinelog/sredo09.log

Completed: ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE USING CURRENT LOGFILE DISCONNECT FROM SESSION

Sun Jan 08 06:23:43 2017

RFS[6]: Selected log 10 for thread 1 sequence 1061 dbid -1950166189 branch 865010252

Sun Jan 08 06:23:44 2017

Media Recovery Waiting for thread 1 sequence 1061 (in transit)

Recovery of Online Redo Log: Thread 1 Group 10 Seq 1061 Reading mem 0

  Mem# 0: +DATA/r5standby/onlinelog/sredo10.log

Sun Jan 08 06:23:49 2017

Archived Log entry 9 added for thread 1 sequence 1060 ID 0x8d0424d8 dest 3:

Mon Jan 09 02:23:12 2017

RFS[6]: Selected log 9 for thread 1 sequence 1062 dbid -1950166189 branch 865010252

Mon Jan 09 02:23:14 2017

Media Recovery Waiting for thread 1 sequence 1062 (in transit)

Recovery of Online Redo Log: Thread 1 Group 9 Seq 1062 Reading mem 0

  Mem# 0: +DATA/r5standby/onlinelog/sredo09.log

Mon Jan 09 02:23:18 2017

Archived Log entry 10 added for thread 1 sequence 1061 ID 0x8d0424d8 dest 3:

...