寒假01：<分解质因数>、<完美代价>、<数的读法>

基础练习 分解质因数  

时间限制：1.0s   内存限制：512.0MB
      

问题描述

　　求出区间[a,b]中所有整数的质因数分解。

输入格式

　　输入两个整数a，b。

输出格式

　　每行输出一个数的分解，形如k=a1*a2*a3...(a1<=a2<=a3...，k也是从小到大的)(具体可看样例)

样例输入

3 10

样例输出

3=3

4=2*2

5=5

6=2*3

7=7

8=2*2*2

9=3*3

10=2*5

提示

　　先筛出所有素数，然后再分解。

数据规模和约定

　　2<=a<=b<=10000

分析：这个题之前写过但是得分不全，主要问题是超时了。今天再看到了先把所有的质因数选达成表，这可省好多时间的。看着有点吓人。

代码：

import java.util.Scanner;

public class Main {

static int[] arr=new int[]{2,3,5,7,11,13,17,19,23,29,31,37,41,43,47,53,59,61,67,71,73,79,83,89,97,101,103,107,109,113,127,131,137,139,149,151,157,163,167,173,179,181,191,193,197,199,211,223,227,229,233,239,241,251,257,263,269,271,277,281,283,293,307,311,313,317,331,337,347,349,353,359,367,373,379,383,389,397,401,409,419,421,431,433,439,443,449,457,461,463,467,479,487,491,499,503,509,521,523,541,547,557,563,569,571,577,587,593,599,601,607,613,617,619,631,641,643,647,653,659,661,673,677,683,691,701,709,719,727,733,739,743,751,757,761,769,773,787,797,809,811,821,823,827,829,839,853,857,859,863,877,881,883,887,907,911,919,929,937,941,947,953,967,971,977,983,991,997,1009,1013,1019,1021,1031,1033,1039,1049,1051,1061,1063,1069,1087,1091,1093,1097,1103,1109,1117,1123,1129,1151,1153,1163,1171,1181,1187,1193,1201,1213,1217,1223,1229,1231,1237,1249,1259,1277,1279,1283,1289,1291,1297,1301,1303,1307,1319,1321,1327,1361,1367,1373,1381,1399,1409,1423,1427,1429,1433,1439,1447,1451,1453,1459,1471,1481,1483,1487,1489,1493,1499,1511,1523,1531,1543,1549,1553,1559,1567,1571,1579,1583,1597,1601,1607,1609,1613,1619,1621,1627,1637,1657,1663,1667,1669,1693,1697,1699,1709,1721,1723,1733,1741,1747,1753,1759,1777,1783,1787,1789,1801,1811,1823,1831,1847,1861,1867,1871,1873,1877,1879,1889,1901,1907,1913,1931,1933,1949,1951,1973,1979,1987,1993,1997,1999,2003,2011,2017,2027,2029,2039,2053,2063,2069,2081,2083,2087,2089,2099,2111,2113,2129,2131,2137,2141,2143,2153,2161,2179,2203,2207,2213,2221,2237,2239,2243,2251,2267,2269,2273,2281,2287,2293,2297,2309,2311,2333,2339,2341,2347,2351,2357,2371,2377,2381,2383,2389,2393,2399,2411,2417,2423,2437,2441,2447,2459,2467,2473,2477,2503,2521,2531,2539,2543,2549,2551,2557,2579,2591,2593,2609,2617,2621,2633,2647,2657,2659,2663,2671,2677,2683,2687,2689,2693,2699,2707,2711,2713,2719,2729,2731,2741,2749,2753,2767,2777,2789,2791,2797,2801,2803,2819,2833,2837,2843,2851,2857,2861,2879,2887,2897,2903,2909,2917,2927,2939,2953,2957,2963,2969,2971,2999,3001,3011,3019,3023,3037,3041,3049,3061,3067,3079,3083,3089,3109,3119,3121,3137,3163,3167,3169,3181,3187,3191,3203,3209,3217,3221,3229,3251,3253,3257,3259,3271,3299,3301,3307,3313,3319,3323,3329,3331,3343,3347,3359,3361,3371,3373,3389,3391,3407,3413,3433,3449,3457,3461,3463,3467,3469,3491,3499,3511,3517,3527,3529,3533,3539,3541,3547,3557,3559,3571,3581,3583,3593,3607,3613,3617,3623,3631,3637,3643,3659,3671,3673,3677,3691,3697,3701,3709,3719,3727,3733,3739,3761,3767,3769,3779,3793,3797,3803,3821,3823,3833,3847,3851,3853,3863,3877,3881,3889,3907,3911,3917,3919,3923,3929,3931,3943,3947,3967,3989,4001,4003,4007,4013,4019,4021,4027,4049,4051,4057,4073,4079,4091,4093,4099,4111,4127,4129,4133,4139,4153,4157,4159,4177,4201,4211,4217,4219,4229,4231,4241,4243,4253,4259,4261,4271,4273,4283,4289,4297,4327,4337,4339,4349,4357,4363,4373,4391,4397,4409,4421,4423,4441,4447,4451,4457,4463,4481,4483,4493,4507,4513,4517,4519,4523,4547,4549,4561,4567,4583,4591,4597,4603,4621,4637,4639,4643,4649,4651,4657,4663,4673,4679,4691,4703,4721,4723,4729,4733,4751,4759,4783,4787,4789,4793,4799,4801,4813,4817,4831,4861,4871,4877,4889,4903,4909,4919,4931,4933,4937,4943,4951,4957,4967,4969,4973,4987,4993,4999,5003,5009,5011,5021,5023,5039,5051,5059,5077,5081,5087,5099,5101,5107,5113,5119,5147,5153,5167,5171,5179,5189,5197,5209,5227,5231,5233,5237,5261,5273,5279,5281,5297,5303,5309,5323,5333,5347,5351,5381,5387,5393,5399,5407,5413,5417,5419,5431,5437,5441,5443,5449,5471,5477,5479,5483,5501,5503,5507,5519,5521,5527,5531,5557,5563,5569,5573,5581,5591,5623,5639,5641,5647,5651,5653,5657,5659,5669,5683,5689,5693,5701,5711,5717,5737,5741,5743,5749,5779,5783,5791,5801,5807,5813,5821,5827,5839,5843,5849,5851,5857,5861,5867,5869,5879,5881,5897,5903,5923,5927,5939,5953,5981,5987,6007,6011,6029,6037,6043,6047,6053,6067,6073,6079,6089,6091,6101,6113,6121,6131,6133,6143,6151,6163,6173,6197,6199,6203,6211,6217,6221,6229,6247,6257,6263,6269,6271,6277,6287,6299,6301,6311,6317,6323,6329,6337,6343,6353,6359,6361,6367,6373,6379,6389,6397,6421,6427,6449,6451,6469,6473,6481,6491,6521,6529,6547,6551,6553,6563,6569,6571,6577,6581,6599,6607,6619,6637,6653,6659,6661,6673,6679,6689,6691,6701,6703,6709,6719,6733,6737,6761,6763,6779,6781,6791,6793,6803,6823,6827,6829,6833,6841,6857,6863,6869,6871,6883,6899,6907,6911,6917,6947,6949,6959,6961,6967,6971,6977,6983,6991,6997,7001,7013,7019,7027,7039,7043,7057,7069,7079,7103,7109,7121,7127,7129,7151,7159,7177,7187,7193,7207,7211,7213,7219,7229,7237,7243,7247,7253,7283,7297,7307,7309,7321,7331,7333,7349,7351,7369,7393,7411,7417,7433,7451,7457,7459,7477,7481,7487,7489,7499,7507,7517,7523,7529,7537,7541,7547,7549,7559,7561,7573,7577,7583,7589,7591,7603,7607,7621,7639,7643,7649,7669,7673,7681,7687,7691,7699,7703,7717,7723,7727,7741,7753,7757,7759,7789,7793,7817,7823,7829,7841,7853,7867,7873,7877,7879,7883,7901,7907,7919,7927,7933,7937,7949,7951,7963,7993,8009,8011,8017,8039,8053,8059,8069,8081,8087,8089,8093,8101,8111,8117,8123,8147,8161,8167,8171,8179,8191,8209,8219,8221,8231,8233,8237,8243,8263,8269,8273,8287,8291,8293,8297,8311,8317,8329,8353,8363,8369,8377,8387,8389,8419,8423,8429,8431,8443,8447,8461,8467,8501,8513,8521,8527,8537,8539,8543,8563,8573,8581,8597,8599,8609,8623,8627,8629,8641,8647,8663,8669,8677,8681,8689,8693,8699,8707,8713,8719,8731,8737,8741,8747,8753,8761,8779,8783,8803,8807,8819,8821,8831,8837,8839,8849,8861,8863,8867,8887,8893,8923,8929,8933,8941,8951,8963,8969,8971,8999,9001,9007,9011,9013,9029,9041,9043,9049,9059,9067,9091,9103,9109,9127,9133,9137,9151,9157,9161,9173,9181,9187,9199,9203,9209,9221,9227,9239,9241,9257,9277,9281,9283,9293,9311,9319,9323,9337,9341,9343,9349,9371,9377,9391,9397,9403,9413,9419,9421,9431,9433,9437,9439,9461,9463,9467,9473,9479,9491,9497,9511,9521,9533,9539,9547,9551,9587,9601,9613,9619,9623,9629,9631,9643,9649,9661,9677,9679,9689,9697,9719,9721,9733,9739,9743,9749,9767,9769,9781,9787,9791,9803,9811,9817,9829,9833,9839,9851,9857,9859,9871,9883,9887,9901,9907,9923,9929,9931,9941,9949,9967,9973};
public static void main(String[] args) {

Scanner sc=new Scanner(System.in);
int min=sc.nextInt();
int max=sc.nextInt();
for (int i = min; i <= max; i++) {
fenjie(i);
System.out.println();
}
}

private static void fenjie(int n) {
System.out.print(n+"=");
int i=0;
int r=arr[i];
while(n!=1){
if(n%r==0){
n=n/r;
System.out.print(r);
if(n!=1)
System.out.print("*");
}else{
r=arr[i++];
}
}
}
}

 基础练习 完美的代价  

时间限制：1.0s   内存限制：512.0MB
      

问题描述

　　回文串，是一种特殊的字符串，它从左往右读和从右往左读是一样的。小龙龙认为回文串才是完美的。现在给你一个串，它不一定是回文的，请你计算最少的交换次数使得该串变成一个完美的回文串。

　　交换的定义是：交换两个相邻的字符

　　例如mamad

　　第一次交换 ad : mamda

　　第二次交换 md : madma

　　第三次交换 ma : madam (回文！完美！)

输入格式

　　第一行是一个整数N，表示接下来的字符串的长度(N <= 8000)

　　第二行是一个字符串，长度为N.只包含小写字母

输出格式

　　如果可能，输出最少的交换次数。

　　否则输出Impossible

样例输入

5

mamad

样例输出

3

分析：这个题大概思路有，但是有点混乱。写了几次然后有问题。参考了下别人的

import java.util.Scanner;

public class 完美的代价 {

public static void main(String[] args) {

Scanner sc=new Scanner(System.in);

int n=Integer.parseInt(sc.nextLine());
String s=sc.nextLine();

char[] chs=s.toCharArray();
int[] count=new int[26];
char ch='0';
int oddchar=0;

for (int i = 0; i < chs.length; i++) {
int index=chs[i]-'a';
count[index]++;
}

for (int i = 0; i < count.length; i++) {
if(count[i]%2!=0){
oddchar++;
ch=(char)(i+'a');
}
}

if (oddchar>1) {
System.out.println("Impossible");
}else{
int result=exchange(chs,n,ch);
System.out.println(result);
}
}

private static int exchange(char[] chs, int n, char ch) {
int count=0,i,j,k;
for (i=0;i<n/2;i++) {
if(chs[i]==ch){
for(j=i;j<n-i-1;j++){
if(chs[j]==chs[n-i-1])
break;
}

count+=j-i;

for (k=j;k>i;k--) {
chs[k]=chs[k-1];
}
}else{
for(j=n-i-1;j>=i;j--){
if(chs[j]==chs[i])
break;
}

count+=n-i-1-j;
for(k=j;k<n-i-1;k++){
chs[k]=chs[k+1];
}
}
}

return count;
}
}

基础练习 数的读法  

时间限制：1.0s   内存限制：512.0MB
      

问题描述

　　Tom教授正在给研究生讲授一门关于基因的课程，有一件事情让他颇为头疼：一条染色体上有成千上万个碱基对，它们从0开始编号，到几百万，几千万，甚至上亿。

　　比如说，在对学生讲解第1234567009号位置上的碱基时，光看着数字是很难准确的念出来的。

　　所以，他迫切地需要一个系统，然后当他输入12 3456 7009时，会给出相应的念法：

　　十二亿三千四百五十六万七千零九

　　用汉语拼音表示为

　　shi er yi san qian si bai wu shi liu wan qi qian ling jiu

　　这样他只需要照着念就可以了。

　　你的任务是帮他设计这样一个系统：给定一个阿拉伯数字串，你帮他按照中文读写的规范转为汉语拼音字串，相邻的两个音节用一个空格符格开。

　　注意必须严格按照规范，比如说“10010”读作“yi wan ling yi shi”而不是“yi wan ling shi”，“100000”读作“shi wan”而不是“yi shi wan”，“2000”读作“er qian”而不是“liang qian”。

输入格式

　　有一个数字串，数值大小不超过2,000,000,000。

输出格式

　　是一个由小写英文字母，逗号和空格组成的字符串，表示该数的英文读法。

样例输入

1234567009

样例输出

shi er yi san qian si bai wu shi liu wan qi qian ling jiu

分析：瞎写的，然后要考虑到的地方好多，还有蓝桥杯上面的测试数据非常的不全。

import java.util.Scanner;

public class BASIC20数的读法 {

static String[] data=new String[]{"ling","yi","er","san","si","wu","liu","qi","ba","jiu"};
static String[] dw=new String[]{"shi","bai","qian","wan","shi","bai","qian","yi","shi"};
public static void main(String[] args) {

Scanner sc=new Scanner(System.in);
String s=sc.nextLine();

//转成拼音
String[] arr=getNun(s);

//加单位
String str=getDW(arr);

//替换，修改零
str=getLing(str);
System.out.println(str.trim());

}

private static String getLing(String str) {
str=str.replaceAll("ling qian ling bai ling shi ling wan", "ling");
str=str.replaceAll("ling qian ling bai ling shi", "ling");
str=str.replaceAll("ling qian ling bai", "ling");
str=str.replaceAll("ling bai ling shi", "ling");
str=str.replaceAll("ling shi", "ling");
str=str.replaceAll("ling bai", "ling");
str=str.replaceAll("ling qian", "ling");
str=str.replaceAll("ling wan", "wan");
str=str.replaceAll("ling ling", "ling");
str=str.replaceAll("shi ling", "shi");
if(str.startsWith("yi shi"))
str="shi "+str.substring(7);
if(str.endsWith(" ling "))
str=str.substring(0,str.length()-6);
if(str.endsWith(" ling"))
str=str.substring(0,str.length()-5);
return str;
}

private static String getDW(String[] arr) {
String str="";
int k=0;
for (int i = arr.length-1; i >0; i--) {
str=dw[k]+" "+arr[i]+" "+str;
k++;
}
return arr[0]+" "+str;
}

private static String[] getNun(String s) {
String[] arr=new String[s.length()];
for (int j = 0; j < s.length(); j++) {
arr[j]=data[s.charAt(j)-'0'];
}
return arr;
}
}

PS:寒假第一天咯！