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在javaweb中使用freemarker生成word文档

2016-12-27 21:09 246 查看

Web项目中生成Word文档的方式有很多，基于Java的解决方案也是很多的，包括使用iText、jasperReport等各种方式，其实在从Office
2003开始，就可以将Office文档转换成XML文件，这样只要将需要填入的内容放上${}占位符，就可以使用像Freemarker这样的模板引擎将出现占位符的地方替换成真实数据，最后将文件保存成.ftl格式。

将这份word保存成xml格式，并修改将需要填入的内容放上${}占位符上，最后保存成table.ftl。

我们新建一个web工程，并添加freemarker的jar包，新建的项目的结构如图：

现在，我们介绍一些重要的类。

1.获取前台数据的控制层的类：

public class indexServlet extends HttpServlet {

public indexServlet() {
super();
}

public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {

this.doPost(request, response);
}

public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
Type u=new Type();
Map root = new HashMap();
//System.out.println(request.getParameter("cname"));
//通过servlet获取前台数据
root.put("cname", request.getParameter("cname"));
root.put("cadd", request.getParameter("cadd"));

File file = null;
InputStream fin = null;
ServletOutputStream out = null;
try {
//调用createDoc方法生成word文档
file = WordGenerator.createDoc(root, "table");
fin = new FileInputStream(file);

response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
response.setContentType("application/msword");
// 设置游览器以下载的方式处理该文件名为table.doc
response.addHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=table.doc");

out = response.getOutputStream();
byte[] buffer = new byte[512];
int bytesToRead = -1;

while((bytesToRead = fin.read(buffer)) != -1) {
out.write(buffer, 0, bytesToRead);
}
} finally {
if(fin != null) fin.close();
if(out != null) out.close();
if(file != null) file.delete();	//
}

}

}

2.对应前台页面

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme() + "://"
+ request.getServerName() + ":" + request.getServerPort()
+ path + "/";
%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">

<title>My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page</title>
<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
<!--
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
-->
</head>

<body>
<form name="loginform" method="post" action="indexServlet">
<center>
单位名称：<input name="cname" type="text"><br />
作者姓名：<input name="cadd" type="text"><br />
<input name="submit" type="submit"value="提交">
<input name="reset" type="reset" value="重置">
</center>
</form>
</body>
</html>

3.web.xml的配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="3.0"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"> <servlet>
<servlet-name>indexServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>com.servlet.indexServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>

<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>indexServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/indexServlet</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>

</web-app>

4.工具类的代码：

public class WordGenerator {
private static Configuration configuration = null;
private static Map<String, Template> allTemplates = null;

static {
configuration = new Configuration();
configuration.setDefaultEncoding("utf-8");

configuration.setClassForTemplateLoading(WordGenerator.class, "/com/templates");
allTemplates = new HashMap<String, Template>();
try {

allTemplates.put("table", configuration.getTemplate("table.ftl"));
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
/*
private WordGenerator() {
throw new AssertionError();
}
*/
public static File createDoc(Map<?, ?> dataMap, String type) {
String name = "temp"  + ".doc";
File f = new File(name);
Template t = allTemplates.get(type);
try {

Writer w = new OutputStreamWriter(new FileOutputStream(f), "utf-8");
t.process(dataMap, w);
w.close();
} catch (Exception ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
throw new RuntimeException(ex);
}
return f;
}

}

总结：

对于freemarker的包还需要多加熟悉，还有许多有待加深理解的地方。

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