oracle查询:取出每组中的第一条记录

Oracle查询:取出每组中的第一条记录

按type字段分组,code排序,取出每组中的第一条记录

 

方法一：

 

select type,min(code) from group_info 

group by type;

 

注意：select 后面的列要在group by 子句中，或是用聚合函数包含，否则会有语法错误。

 

方法二：

 

SELECT * FROM(

SELECT z.type , z.code ,ROW_NUMBER()

OVER(PARTITION BY z.type ORDER BY z.code) AS code_id

FROM group_info z

)

WHERE code_id =1;

 

这里涉及到的over()是oracle的分析函数

 

参考sql reference文档：

 

Analytic functions compute an aggregate value based on a group of rows. They differ from aggregate functions in that they return multiple rows for each group.

 

Analytic functions are the last set of operations performed in a query except for the final 

ORDER

 

BY

 clause. All joins and all 

WHERE

 , 

GROUP

 

BY

 , and 

HAVING

 clauses are completed
before the analytic functions are processed. Therefore, analytic functions can appear only in the select list or 

ORDER

 

BY

 clause.

 

语法结构：

 

analytic_function ([ arguments ]) OVER
(analytic_clause)

其中analytic_clause结构包括：

 

[ query_partition_clause ]
[ order_by_clause [ windowing_clause ] ]

 

也就是：函数名（ [ 参数 ] ） over（ [ 分区子句 ] [ 排序子句 [ 滑动窗口子句 ] ]）

 

     这里PARTITION BY 引导的分区子句类似于聚组函数中的group by，排序子句可看成是select语句中的order by.