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android事件分发源码解析(下)

2016-12-04 00:53 363 查看

一 前言

  上一篇我们介绍了android事件分发的view相关的事件分发源码,我们接着这篇分析一下ViewGroup的相关源码,把事件分发这个机制梳理一次,只有自己认真的分析一次才有收获。

二 例子现象

我们简单写一个例子测试一下:

自定义一个简单的LinearLayout,代码如下:

public class MyLayout extends LinearLayout{
public MyLayout(Context context) {
super(context);
}

public MyLayout(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
super(context, attrs);
}

@Override
public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {
Log.d("TAG", "mylayout dispatchTouchEvent" + ev.getAction());
return super.dispatchTouchEvent(ev);
}

@Override
public boolean onInterceptTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {
Log.d("TAG", "mylayout onInterceptTouchEvent" + ev.getAction());
return super.onInterceptTouchEvent(ev);
}

@Override
public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
Log.d("TAG", "mylayout onTouchEvent" + event.getAction());
return super.onTouchEvent(event);
}


布局界面如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<com.ww.viewgroupevent.MyLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:id="@+id/layout"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
>

<Button
android:id="@+id/btn"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="button"
android:textSize="16sp"/>
</com.ww.viewgroupevent.MyLayout>


public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
private Button btn;
private MyLayout layout;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
btn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn);
layout = (MyLayout) findViewById(R.id.layout);
btn.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View view) {
Log.d("TAG", "button click");
}
});
layout.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View view) {
Log.d("TAG", "layout click");
}
});
}

}


上面布局都很简单,运行界面如下所示:



我们点击button,log日志如下所示:



我们可以看到点击button先执行的是ViewGroup的dispatchTouchEvent,即LinearLayout的dispatchTouchEvent,而且比view多了一个方法,onInterceptTouchEvent,最后执行的是Button的点击事件,那么我们可以看到执行的一个顺序是父布局开始,dispatchTouchEvent->onInterceptTouchEvent->向子view传递。

当我们点击空白区域的时候,log日志如下所示:



这里跟上面有点不一样的地方,就是在action0,即按下的时候,执行的是dispatchTouchEvent->onInterceptTouchEvent->onTouchEvent,而action1的时候就没有执行onInterceptTouchEvent,这里是一个疑问,先记住,源码里面找到答案。可以发现,其实跟view的分发还是有很多不一样的。

三 ViewGroup的事件分发

ViewGroup的事件分发过程

android执行点击事件,一般是从
dispatchTouchEvent
开始的,我们也从这里开始大致的分析一次源码吧,下面是源码:

public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {
if (mInputEventConsistencyVerifier != null) {
mInputEventConsistencyVerifier.onTouchEvent(ev, 1);
}

// If the event targets the accessibility focused view and this is it, start
// normal event dispatch. Maybe a descendant is what will handle the click.
if (ev.isTargetAccessibilityFocus() && isAccessibilityFocusedViewOrHost()) {
ev.setTargetAccessibilityFocus(false);
}

boolean handled = false;
if (onFilterTouchEventForSecurity(ev)) {
final int action = ev.getAction();
final int actionMasked = action & MotionEvent.ACTION_MASK;

// Handle an initial down.
if (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN) {
// Throw away all previous state when starting a new touch gesture.
// The framework may have dropped the up or cancel event for the previous gesture
// due to an app switch, ANR, or some other state change.
cancelAndClearTouchTargets(ev);
resetTouchState();
}

// Check for interception.
final boolean intercepted;
if (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN
|| mFirstTouchTarget != null) {
final boolean disallowIntercept = (mGroupFlags & FLAG_DISALLOW_INTERCEPT) != 0;
if (!disallowIntercept) {
intercepted = onInterceptTouchEvent(ev);
ev.setAction(action); // restore action in case it was changed
} else {
intercepted = false;
}
} else {
// There are no touch targets and this action is not an initial down
// so this view group continues to intercept touches.
intercepted = true;
}

// If intercepted, start normal event dispatch. Also if there is already
// a view that is handling the gesture, do normal event dispatch.
if (intercepted || mFirstTouchTarget != null) {
ev.setTargetAccessibilityFocus(false);
}

// Check for cancelation.
final boolean canceled = resetCancelNextUpFlag(this)
|| actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL;

// Update list of touch targets for pointer down, if needed.
final boolean split = (mGroupFlags & FLAG_SPLIT_MOTION_EVENTS) != 0;
TouchTarget newTouchTarget = null;
boolean alreadyDispatchedToNewTouchTarget = false;
if (!canceled && !intercepted) {

// If the event is targeting accessiiblity focus we give it to the
// view that has accessibility focus and if it does not handle it
// we clear the flag and dispatch the event to all children as usual.
// We are looking up the accessibility focused host to avoid keeping
// state since these events are very rare.
View childWithAccessibilityFocus = ev.isTargetAccessibilityFocus()
? findChildWithAccessibilityFocus() : null;

if (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN
|| (split && actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_POINTER_DOWN)
|| actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_HOVER_MOVE) {
final int actionIndex = ev.getActionIndex(); // always 0 for down
final int idBitsToAssign = split ? 1 << ev.getPointerId(actionIndex)
: TouchTarget.ALL_POINTER_IDS;

// Clean up earlier touch targets for this pointer id in case they
// have become out of sync.
removePointersFromTouchTargets(idBitsToAssign);

final int childrenCount = mChildrenCount;
if (newTouchTarget == null && childrenCount != 0) {
final float x = ev.getX(actionIndex);
final float y = ev.getY(actionIndex);
// Find a child that can receive the event.
// Scan children from front to back.
final ArrayList<View> preorderedList = buildOrderedChildList();
final boolean customOrder = preorderedList == null
&& isChildrenDrawingOrderEnabled();
final View[] children = mChildren;
for (int i = childrenCount - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
final int childIndex = customOrder
? getChildDrawingOrder(childrenCount, i) : i;
final View child = (preorderedList == null)
? children[childIndex] : preorderedList.get(childIndex);

// If there is a view that has accessibility focus we want it
// to get the event first and if not handled we will perform a
// normal dispatch. We may do a double iteration but this is
// safer given the timeframe.
if (childWithAccessibilityFocus != null) {
if (childWithAccessibilityFocus != child) {
continue;
}
childWithAccessibilityFocus = null;
i = childrenCount - 1;
}

if (!canViewReceivePointerEvents(child)
|| !isTransformedTouchPointInView(x, y, child, null)) {
ev.setTargetAccessibilityFocus(false);
continue;
}

newTouchTarget = getTouchTarget(child);
if (newTouchTarget != null) {
// Child is already receiving touch within its bounds.
// Give it the new pointer in addition to the ones it is handling.
newTouchTarget.pointerIdBits |= idBitsToAssign;
break;
}

resetCancelNextUpFlag(child);
if (dispatchTransformedTouchEvent(ev, false, child, idBitsToAssign)) {
// Child wants to receive touch within its bounds.
mLastTouchDownTime = ev.getDownTime();
if (preorderedList != null) {
// childIndex points into presorted list, find original index
for (int j = 0; j < childrenCount; j++) {
if (children[childIndex] == mChildren[j]) {
mLastTouchDownIndex = j;
break;
}
}
} else {
mLastTouchDownIndex = childIndex;
}
mLastTouchDownX = ev.getX();
mLastTouchDownY = ev.getY();
newTouchTarget = addTouchTarget(child, idBitsToAssign);
alreadyDispatchedToNewTouchTarget = true;
break;
}

// The accessibility focus didn't handle the event, so clear
// the flag and do a normal dispatch to all children.
ev.setTargetAccessibilityFocus(false);
}
if (preorderedList != null) preorderedList.clear();
}

if (newTouchTarget == null && mFirstTouchTarget != null) {
// Did not find a child to receive the event.
// Assign the pointer to the least recently added target.
newTouchTarget = mFirstTouchTarget;
while (newTouchTarget.next != null) {
newTouchTarget = newTouchTarget.next;
}
newTouchTarget.pointerIdBits |= idBitsToAssign;
}
}
}

// Dispatch to touch targets.
if (mFirstTouchTarget == null) {
// No touch targets so treat this as an ordinary view.
handled = dispatchTransformedTouchEvent(ev, canceled, null,
TouchTarget.ALL_POINTER_IDS);
} else {
// Dispatch to touch targets, excluding the new touch target if we already
// dispatched to it.  Cancel touch targets if necessary.
TouchTarget predecessor = null;
TouchTarget target = mFirstTouchTarget;
while (target != null) {
final TouchTarget next = target.next;
if (alreadyDispatchedToNewTouchTarget && target == newTouchTarget) {
handled = true;
} else {
final boolean cancelChild = resetCancelNextUpFlag(target.child)
|| intercepted;
if (dispatchTransformedTouchEvent(ev, cancelChild,
target.child, target.pointerIdBits)) {
handled = true;
}
if (cancelChild) {
if (predecessor == null) {
mFirstTouchTarget = next;
} else {
predecessor.next = next;
}
target.recycle();
target = next;
continue;
}
}
predecessor = target;
target = next;
}
}

// Update list of touch targets for pointer up or cancel, if needed.
if (canceled
|| actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_UP
|| actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_HOVER_MOVE) {
resetTouchState();
} else if (split && actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_POINTER_UP) {
final int actionIndex = ev.getActionIndex();
final int idBitsToRemove = 1 << ev.getPointerId(actionIndex);
removePointersFromTouchTargets(idBitsToRemove);
}
}

if (!handled && mInputEventConsistencyVerifier != null) {
mInputEventConsistencyVerifier.onUnhandledEvent(ev, 1);
}
return handled;
}


我们看到这里源码很长,我们只分析主要的:

8-10行:这里主要判断是否是针对可访问视图焦点,这个东西呢主要是帮助残障人士的,一般我们手机的设置里面就有一个无障碍功能,就是跟这个有关系,主要是通过AccessibilityService服务运行在后台的,感兴趣的可以查看这篇文章看看:

Android进阶——学习AccessibilityService实现微信抢红包插件

18-24行:我们执行按下操作的时候,首先执行了
ACTION_DOWN
,一般来说执行第一步的都是初始化各种值,我们可以看到17-24行首先清除以前Touch的状态,开始一个新的手势,然后在
cancelAndClearTouchTargets(ev)
这个方法里面对
mFirstTouchTarget
设置为null了,这个是一个很关键的一个地方,对分析后面的事件分发比较重要,接着在
resetTouchState()
里面清楚Touch的状态。

27-41行:VIewGroup会在两种情况下判断是否要拦截当前事件,通过事件类型
ACTION_DOWN
mFirstTouchTarget != null
,其实前面按下事件很好理解,主要是后面这个
TouchTarget
的对象
mFirstTouchTarget != null
这个是关键,当找到目标view接收Touch事件的时候,那么这个对象就会被赋值并指向子元素,进入里面接着判断
disallowIntercept
,这个也在ViewGroup也提供了相应的设置方法:

public void requestDisallowInterceptTouchEvent(boolean disallowIntercept) {

if (disallowIntercept == ((mGroupFlags & FLAG_DISALLOW_INTERCEPT) != 0)) {
// We're already in this state, assume our ancestors are too
return;
}

if (disallowIntercept) {
mGroupFlags |= FLAG_DISALLOW_INTERCEPT;
} else {
mGroupFlags &= ~FLAG_DISALLOW_INTERCEPT;
}

// Pass it up to our parent
if (mParent != null) {
mParent.requestDisallowInterceptTouchEvent(disallowIntercept);
}
}


这里就是通过改变mGroupFlags的值来确定是否拦截,当你调用这个方法的时候,disallowIntercept为true的时候,将这个
FLAG_DISALLOW_INTERCEPT
标记位添加到mGroupFlags里面,当设置为false的时候,就清除mGroupFlags中的
FLAG_DISALLOW_INTERCEPT
。所以在disallowIntercept为true的时候前面判断了mGroupFlags是否包含了这个标记位,如果包含了,说明这个状态已经存在,就不必在添加了。当设置后,那么
disallowIntercept = (mGroupFlags & FLAG_DISALLOW_INTERCEPT) != 0;
这条语句就为true,那么
intercepted = false;
就默认不拦截事件,交由子元素处理;如果没设置这个拦截标志呢,按照正常的分发,首先调用
onInterceptTouchEvent(ev);
将它赋值给intercepted,我们看看这个方法:

public boolean onInterceptTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {
return false;
}


没错,默认返回为false,我们如果不重写这个方法的话,不会拦截事件分发的。

如果没找到目标view接收Touch事件或者找到了接收的目标view但是没有处理,上述28-29行的if语句不成立,直接将
intercepted = true
,并且
onInterceptTouchEvent(ev)
事件将不会调用,那么后续到来的事件都会交给它来处理。 上面那个疑问也就解释了,自己处理就不会调用拦截事件了。

总结一下:

事件传递总是先传递给父View的,然后才有父元素分发给子View,可以通过
requestDisallowInterceptTouchEvent
方法在子元素中干预父元素的事件分发,但是ACTION_DOWN除外,因为每一次都要通过
resetTouchState();
这个方法里面的
mGroupFlags &= ~FLAG_DISALLOW_INTERCEPT;
清除这个标记位。

50-51行检查事件是否被取消。

54行还是通过标记位检查事件是否支持分发多个view,默认是true,也提供了设置方法,跟上面设置拦截标记的类似,一个套路。

57行
if (!canceled && !intercepted)
判断了是否取消和拦截。 如果没有取消和拦截,则进入if里面。

67-69行是一大串if语句,里面判断了是不是按下,第二个条件则是一个点被按下,此时在按下其它点触发,第三个条件就是鼠标在view上面。下面开始处理ACTION_DOWN事件。

79行判断childrenCount是否为0,首先获取触摸位置。84行拿到了子view的集合preorderedList,然后通过倒序遍历所有子View,一般布局或者addview的话,后添加的肯定在上面,这也比较符合思维方式,如果点击的地方有两个view的话,如果两个view都可以点击,那么肯定是最上层的先响应。

判断子元素是否能够接收到点击事件,主要由两点来判断,子元素是否在播放动画和点击事件是否落在子元素的区域内。

98-104:还是判断视图是否是一个可访问性焦点,我们首先让它获取事件,不处理就正常分发,虽然会分发两次,但是可以保证在给定的时间内更安全的执行。还是一开始提到的方便使用有关系,其它地方也有这个判断。

106-110行:检查view是否允许接收事件,是否处于visible状态或者正在播放动画和点击事件的坐标是否落在子元素的范围内。

112-118行:getTouchTarget这个判断了当前子view是否包含在了mFirstTouchTarget.next这个链表的某一个 target中,找到了就返回这个target,没找到就返回null。接着if判断找到了这个target就进入内部,childView已经准备接收在其区域内的点击事件,并且执行break跳出for循环。

如果没有跳出的话就执行121-140行,这里首先通过
dispatchTransformedTouchEvent(ev, false, child, idBitsToAssign)
将touch事件传递给子view,这个方法内部会递归调用
dispatchTouchEvent(event)
方法,这个方法后面讲解,需要明白的一点是,这个方法返回true,那么就表示消费了这个事件,就进入这个if内部。

123-136行,从这几个变量的注释看,仅供debug调式用。

137-139行,给newTouchTarget赋值,设置
alreadyDispatchedToNewTouchTarget
为true,然后执行break跳出for循环,因为已经找到了View接收Touch事件。其实mFirstTouchTarget的赋值过程 是在
addTouchTarget
内部完成的,代码如下:

private TouchTarget addTouchTarget(View child, int pointerIdBits) {
TouchTarget target = TouchTarget.obtain(child, pointerIdBits);
target.next = mFirstTouchTarget;
mFirstTouchTarget = target;
return target;
}


mFirstTouchTarget 是一种单链表的结构,是否赋值将直接影响到ViewGroup对事件的拦截,如果为null的话,默认拦截接下来的同一序列中所有的点击事件,比如ACTION_MOVE,ACTION_UP。

149-157行:
if (newTouchTarget == null && mFirstTouchTarget != null)
这个if语句就是没有找到子View接收Touch事件,并且之前的
mFirstTouchTarget
不为null,那么将newTouchTarget指向了最初的TouchTarget。

162-196行:这里经过上面的分析,主要就是两种情况,第一种情况就是
mFirstTouchTarget==null
,没有找到能消费Touch事件的view或者被View拦截了。那么在ViewGroup的
dispatchTransformedTouchEvent
方法里面处理Touch事件和普通的View一样,自己无法消费,传递给上一层进行处理。这里调用
dispatchTransformedTouchEvent
方法时第三个参数为null,下面会讲解这个方法,先记住就行。

第二种情况就是找到了能消费Touch事件的view,那么后续的同一序列事件,都应该交由它处理。

173-175行:前面利用ACTION_DOWN事件找到了符合接收touch事件的子view同时消费掉了ACTION_DOWN事件,这里直接返回true。

176-192行:对于非ACTION_DOWN事件,继续传递给目标view进行处理,依然是递归调用
dispatchTransformedTouchEvent
方法处理。如果ACTION_DOWN 没有被拦截,但是同一序列的其它事件被拦截,则需要发送ACTION_CANCLE给目标view。

199行-203行:如果是ACTION_UP或者ACTION_HOVER_MOVE,那么将重置Touch状态标识,mFirstTouchTarget = null。

ViewGroup的dispatchTouchEvent事件分析完了,我们看到在上述分析的时候

dispatchTransformedTouchEvent这个方法执行了多次,我们接下来看看这个方法,源码如下:

private boolean dispatchTransformedTouchEvent(MotionEvent event, boolean cancel,
View child, int desiredPointerIdBits) {
final boolean handled;

// Canceling motions is a special case.  We don't need to perform any transformations
// or filtering.  The important part is the action, not the contents.
final int oldAction = event.getAction();
if (cancel || oldAction == MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL) {
event.setAction(MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL);
if (child == null) {
handled = super.dispatchTouchEvent(event);
} else {
handled = child.dispatchTouchEvent(event);
}
event.setAction(oldAction);
return handled;
}

// Calculate the number of pointers to deliver.
final int oldPointerIdBits = event.getPointerIdBits();
final int newPointerIdBits = oldPointerIdBits & desiredPointerIdBits;

// If for some reason we ended up in an inconsistent state where it looks like we
// might produce a motion event with no pointers in it, then drop the event.
if (newPointerIdBits == 0) {
return false;
}

// If the number of pointers is the same and we don't need to perform any fancy
// irreversible transformations, then we can reuse the motion event for this
// dispatch as long as we are careful to revert any changes we make.
// Otherwise we need to make a copy.
final MotionEvent transformedEvent;
if (newPointerIdBits == oldPointerIdBits) {
if (child == null || child.hasIdentityMatrix()) {
if (child == null) {
handled = super.dispatchTouchEvent(event);
} else {
final float offsetX = mScrollX - child.mLeft;
final float offsetY = mScrollY - child.mTop;
event.offsetLocation(offsetX, offsetY);

handled = child.dispatchTouchEvent(event);

event.offsetLocation(-offsetX, -offsetY);
}
return handled;
}
transformedEvent = MotionEvent.obtain(event);
} else {
transformedEvent = event.split(newPointerIdBits);
}

// Perform any necessary transformations and dispatch.
if (child == null) {
handled = super.dispatchTouchEvent(transformedEvent);
} else {
final float offsetX = mScrollX - child.mLeft;
final float offsetY = mScrollY - child.mTop;
transformedEvent.offsetLocation(offsetX, offsetY);
if (! child.hasIdentityMatrix()) {
transformedEvent.transform(child.getInverseMatrix());
}

handled = child.dispatchTouchEvent(transformedEvent);
}

// Done.
transformedEvent.recycle();
return handled;
}


这里我们可以看到对事件具体的处理,代码比较多,我们分析关键点。

我们应当重点关注第三个参数,因为上面再调用的时候,一会儿为null,一会儿不为null,这里就给出了解释,重点是这段代码:

if (child == null) {
handled = super.dispatchTouchEvent(event);
} else {
handled = child.dispatchTouchEvent(event);
}


我们可以看到,在child为null的时候,Touch事件会传递给viewGroup自身的dispatchTouchEvent处理,即父类view的方法,在里面处理ontouch,上一篇已经分析过了,就不在多讲。当child不为null的时候,那么会调用childview的
dispatchTouchEvent
处理,childView可能是一个view也可能是一个viewGroup。

这个方法里面后面讲的就是一些多点触控的相关处理,就不在赘述。

四 总结

Android事件分发是先传递到ViewGroup,再由ViewGroup传递到View的,一层一层向下传递。

在ViewGroup中可以通过onInterceptTouchEvent方法对事件传递进行拦截,onInterceptTouchEvent方法返回true代表不允许事件继续向子View传递,返回false代表不对事件进行拦截,默认返回false。

子View中如果将传递的事件消费掉,ViewGroup中将无法接收到任何事件。
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