iOS--NSDate的基本操作和常用核心功能

不在赘述理论，直接贴代码

typedef enum : NSUInteger {

Date1BelongToPast = -1,

Date1BelongToToday = 0,

Date1BelongToFeature = 1,

} Date1BelongTo;

@interface DateViewCtrl()

@end

@implementation DateViewCtrl

-(void)viewDidLoad{

[super viewDidLoad];

NSDate *currDate = [NSDate date];

/**

1.NSDate实例/类 的基础使用

*/

[self basicisHandleOfNSDateInstanceOrClass];

/**

2.判断NSDate对应的是星期几

*/

NSString *currWeekdayStr = [self weekdayStringFromDate:currDate];

DLog(@"currWeekdayStr:%@",currWeekdayStr);

/**

3.获取NSDate实例对应的是年月日

*/

NSString *currDateInChineseCalendar = [self getChineseCalendarWithDate:currDate];

DLog(@"currDateInChineseCalendar:%@",currDateInChineseCalendar);

/**

4.字符串转化成NSDate类型 计算与当前时间的相差 月数 天数

这个方法是将两个时间计算时间差处理

*/

[self computeDateWithTodayWithDateStr:@"2016-12-1 11:23:23"];

[self computeDateWithTodayWithDateStr:@"2016-11-30 11:23:23"];

[self computeDateWithTodayWithDateStr:@"2012-05-17 11:23:23"];

/**

5.将秒转化为天，时，分，秒

*/

NSString *timeDurationdecs1 = [self getDateStrOfSeconds:3636*24*5];

DLog(@"timeDurationdecs1:%@",timeDurationdecs1);

/**

6.将毫秒数换算成x天x时x分x秒x毫秒 这个方法和上面有点重复

*/

NSString *timeDurationdecs2 = [self getDateStrOfMSeconds:3638*24*5*1111];

DLog(@"timeDurationdecs2:%@",timeDurationdecs2);

/*

7.比较日期大小默认会比较到秒

*/

Date1BelongTo belongToToday1 = [self compareOneDay:currDate withAnotherDay:currDate];

DLog(@"belongToToday1:%zd",belongToToday1);

NSString *toDayStrPreciseAtmm = @"2016-12-2 10:13:23";

NSDateFormatter *format = [[NSDateFormatter alloc]init];

format.dateFormat = @"yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss";

NSDate *oneDay = [format dateFromString:toDayStrPreciseAtmm];

Date1BelongTo belongToToday2 = [self compareOneDay:oneDay withAnotherDay:currDate];

DLog(@"belongToToday2:%zd",belongToToday2);

NSString *dayFromPastStrPreciseAtmm = @"2016-12-1 10:13:23";

NSDate *oneDay2 = [format dateFromString:dayFromPastStrPreciseAtmm];

Date1BelongTo belongToPast= [self compareOneDay:oneDay2 withAnotherDay:currDate];

DLog(@"belongToPast:%zd",belongToPast);

NSString *dayFromFeatureStrPreciseAtmm = @"2016-12-3 10:13:23";

NSDate *oneDay3 = [format dateFromString:dayFromFeatureStrPreciseAtmm];

Date1BelongTo belongToFeature = [self compareOneDay:oneDay3 withAnotherDay:currDate];

DLog(@"belongToFeature:%zd",belongToFeature);

}

/**

1.NSDate实例/类 的基础使用

*/

-(void)basicisHandleOfNSDateInstanceOrClass{

NSDate*date=[NSDate date];

DLog(@"当下=%@",date);

//比1970-1-1000晚100秒

[NSDate dateWithTimeIntervalSince1970:100];

DLog(@"dateWithTimeIntervalSince1970=%@",[NSDate dateWithTimeIntervalSince1970:100]);

//比当前时间晚100秒

[NSDate dateWithTimeIntervalSinceNow:100];

DLog(@"dateWithTimeIntervalSinceNow=%@",[NSDate dateWithTimeIntervalSinceNow:100]);

//随机返回一个将来的时间

[NSDate distantFuture];

DLog(@"distantFuture=%@",[NSDate distantFuture]);

//随机访问一个过去的时间

[NSDate distantPast];

DLog(@"distantPast=%@",[NSDate distantPast]);

NSDate*date2=[NSDate date];

//返回早一点的时间

DLog(@"earlierDate = %@",[date earlierDate:date2]);

//返回晚一点的时间

DLog(@"laterDate = %@",[date laterDate:date2]);

//返回从1970到现在的秒数

DLog(@"timeIntervalSince1970 %zd",[date timeIntervalSince1970]);

//============================格式化使用=================================//

//格式化HH24小时hh12小时

NSDateFormatter*format=[[NSDateFormatter alloc]init];

format.dateFormat=@"yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss";

//时间转字符串输出

DLog(@"dateToformatStr=%@ class==%@",[self NSDateToDateStrInSystemTz:date],[[self NSDateToDateStrInSystemTz:date] class]);

NSString*times=@"2014-02-02 12:10:25";

//字符串转时间

DLog(@"dateFromString %@ class==%@",[self dateStrToNSDtaeInSystemTz:times],[[self dateStrToNSDtaeInSystemTz:times] class]);

//===================设置固定时间差值=================================//

/**

设置两个时间的 差为固定值

*/

NSDate *currDate = [NSDate date];

NSCalendar *calendar = [[NSCalendar alloc] initWithCalendarIdentifier:NSCalendarIdentifierGregorian];

NSDateComponents *comps = [[NSDateComponents alloc] init];

// [comps setYear:2];

// [comps setMonth:2];

[comps setDay:2];//设置最大时间为：当前时间推后2天

// [comps setHour:2];

// [comps setMinute:2];

// [comps setSecond:2];

NSDate *nextDate = [calendar dateByAddingComponents:comps toDate:currDate options:0];

DLog(@"固定时差 currDate:%@\n nextDate:%@\n",currDate,nextDate);

//================计算两个日期之间的时间间隔======================//

NSDate *sixHourAgo = [currDate dateByAddingTimeInterval:-6*60*60];

NSTimeInterval tiemIntervalBetweenTwoDateInstance = [currDate timeIntervalSinceDate:sixHourAgo];

DLog(@"日期时间间隔 tiemIntervalBetweenTwoDateInstance:%f",tiemIntervalBetweenTwoDateInstance);

/*******

-timeIntervalSinceNow 方法获取和当前的时间间隔

NSDate“实例”和“当前时间”的时间间隔

*********/

NSDate *anHourago = [NSDate dateWithTimeIntervalSinceNow:-60*60];

NSTimeInterval dateInstanceTimeIntervalSinceNow = [anHourago timeIntervalSinceNow];

DLog(@"日期时间间隔 %f",dateInstanceTimeIntervalSinceNow);//结果： -3600.000007

}

/**

2.判断NSDate对应的是星期几

@param inputDate NSDate实例

@return 周几

*/

- (NSString*)weekdayStringFromDate:(NSDate*)inputDate {

// NSCalendar NSCalendarUnit NSDateComponents NSTimeZone

NSArray *weekdays = [NSArray arrayWithObjects: [NSNull null], @"星期天", @"星期一", @"星期二", @"星期三", @"星期四", @"星期五", @"星期六", nil];

NSCalendar *calendar = [[NSCalendar alloc] initWithCalendarIdentifier:NSCalendarIdentifierGregorian];

//...? 亚洲 上海这座城市为时区的标准

NSTimeZone *timeZone = [[NSTimeZone alloc] initWithName:@"Asia/Shanghai"];

[calendar setTimeZone: timeZone];

//?

NSCalendarUnit calendarUnit = NSCalendarUnitWeekday;

//?

NSDateComponents *theComponents = [calendar components:calendarUnit fromDate:inputDate];

return [weekdays objectAtIndex:theComponents.weekday];

}

/**

3.获取NSDate实例对应的是年月日

@param date NSDate实例

@return 哪年哪月哪日

*/

-(NSString*)getChineseCalendarWithDate:(NSDate *)date{

NSArray *chineseYears = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:

@"甲子", @"乙丑", @"丙寅", @"丁卯", @"戊辰", @"己巳", @"庚午", @"辛未", @"壬申", @"癸酉",

@"甲戌", @"乙亥", @"丙子", @"丁丑", @"戊寅", @"己卯", @"庚辰", @"辛己", @"壬午", @"癸未",

@"甲申", @"乙酉", @"丙戌", @"丁亥", @"戊子", @"己丑", @"庚寅", @"辛卯", @"壬辰", @"癸巳",

@"甲午", @"乙未", @"丙申", @"丁酉", @"戊戌", @"己亥", @"庚子", @"辛丑", @"壬寅", @"癸丑",

@"甲辰", @"乙巳", @"丙午", @"丁未", @"戊申", @"己酉", @"庚戌", @"辛亥", @"壬子", @"癸丑",

@"甲寅", @"乙卯", @"丙辰", @"丁巳", @"戊午", @"己未", @"庚申", @"辛酉", @"壬戌", @"癸亥", nil];

NSArray *chineseMonths=[NSArray arrayWithObjects:

@"正月", @"二月", @"三月", @"四月", @"五月", @"六月", @"七月", @"八月",

@"九月", @"十月", @"冬月", @"腊月", nil];

NSArray *chineseDays=[NSArray arrayWithObjects:

@"初一", @"初二", @"初三", @"初四", @"初五", @"初六", @"初七", @"初八", @"初九", @"初十",

@"十一", @"十二", @"十三", @"十四", @"十五", @"十六", @"十七", @"十八", @"十九", @"二十",

@"廿一", @"廿二", @"廿三", @"廿四", @"廿五", @"廿六", @"廿七", @"廿八", @"廿九", @"三十", nil];

NSCalendar *localeCalendar = [[NSCalendar alloc] initWithCalendarIdentifier:NSCalendarIdentifierChinese];

unsigned unitFlags = NSCalendarUnitYear | NSCalendarUnitMonth | NSCalendarUnitDay;

NSDateComponents *localeComp = [localeCalendar components:unitFlags fromDate:date];

DLog(@"%zd_%zd_%zd",localeComp.year,localeComp.month,localeComp.day);

NSString *y_str = [chineseYears objectAtIndex:localeComp.year-1];

NSString *m_str = [chineseMonths objectAtIndex:localeComp.month-1];

NSString *d_str = [chineseDays objectAtIndex:localeComp.day-1];

NSString *chineseCal_str =[NSString stringWithFormat: @"%@_%@_%@",y_str,m_str,d_str];

return chineseCal_str;

}

/**

4.字符串转化成NSDate类型 计算与当前时间的相差 月数 天数

这个方法是将两个时间计算时间差处理

*/

-(void)computeDateWithTodayWithDateStr:(NSString*)dateStr{

NSDictionary *dic = @{

@"date":@"2012-05-17 11:23:23"

};

if (kStringIsEmpty(dateStr)) {

dateStr = [dic objectForKey:@"date"];// 2012-05-17 11:23:23;

}

//日子字符串--->指定格式的NSDate实例

NSDateFormatter *format=[[NSDateFormatter alloc] init];

[format setDateFormat:@"yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"];

NSDate *fromdate=[format dateFromString:dateStr];

// 获取当前系统时区

NSTimeZone *fromzone = [NSTimeZone systemTimeZone];

// 获取刚才那个NSDate实例在与当前时区下的那个时间点，相差多少秒

NSTimeInterval frominterval = [fromzone secondsFromGMTForDate: fromdate];

//转换到当前时区下，同个时间点的当前时区的传进来的NSDate的表达

NSDate *fromDate = [fromdate dateByAddingTimeInterval: frominterval];

DLog(@"fromdate=%@",fromDate);

// 注意:这里获取的时间要通过时区然后再转换为NSDate，不然转换为NSDate后和获取的字符串类型的日期 不一样

NSDate *date = [NSDate date];

NSTimeZone *zone = [NSTimeZone systemTimeZone];

NSTimeInterval interval = [zone secondsFromGMTForDate: date];

NSDate *localeDate = [date dateByAddingTimeInterval: interval];

DLog(@"enddate=%@",localeDate);

// 注意:这里获系统的时间，为了确保准确性也要通过时区进行转换为本地的时间，如果直接用[NSDate date] 获取的时间和系统本地的时间不一样

NSCalendar *gregorian = [[NSCalendar alloc]initWithCalendarIdentifier:NSCalendarIdentifierGregorian];

NSUInteger unitFlags = NSCalendarUnitMonth | NSCalendarUnitDay;

NSDateComponents *components = [gregorian components:unitFlags fromDate:fromDate toDate:localeDate options:0];

NSInteger months = [components month];

NSInteger days = [components day];//年[components year]

DLog(@"month=%zd",months);

DLog(@"days=%zd",days);

if (months==0&&days==0) {

dateStr=[[dateStr substringFromIndex:11]substringToIndex:5];

DLog(@"今天==>%@",[NSString stringWithFormat:@"今天 %@",dateStr]); //今天 11:23

}else if(months==0&&days==1){

dateStr=[[dateStr substringFromIndex:11]substringToIndex:5];

DLog(@"昨天==>%@",[NSString stringWithFormat:@"昨天 %@",dateStr]); //昨天 11:23

}else{

dateStr=[dateStr substringToIndex:10];

DLog(@"不是今天，也不是昨天的日子:%@",dateStr);

}

}

/**

5.将秒转化为天，时，分，秒

@param seconds 总秒数

@return 时长秒数字符串

*/

-(NSString*)getDateStrOfSeconds:(long)seconds{

if(seconds < 0){

return @"秒数必须大于0";

}

long one_day = 60 * 60 * 24;

long one_hour = 60 * 60;

long one_minute = 60;

long day,hour,minute,second = 0L;;

day = seconds / one_day;

hour = seconds % one_day / one_hour ;

minute = seconds % one_day % one_hour / one_minute;

second = seconds % one_day % one_hour % one_minute;

if(seconds < one_minute){

return [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%ld秒",second];

}else if(seconds >= one_minute && seconds < one_hour){

return [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%ld分%ld秒",minute,second];

}else if (seconds >= one_hour && seconds < one_day){

return [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%ld时%ld分%ld秒",hour,minute,second];

}else{

return [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%ld天%ld时%ld分%ld秒",day,hour,minute,second] ;

}

}

/**

6.将毫秒数换算成x天x时x分x秒x毫秒 这个方法和上面有点重复

@return x天x时x分x秒x毫秒

*/

-(NSString*)getDateStrOfMSeconds:(long )ms{

int ss = 1000;

int mi = ss * 60;

int hh = mi * 60;

int dd = hh * 24;

long day = ms / dd;

long hour = (ms - day * dd) / hh;

long minute = (ms - day * dd - hour * hh) / mi;

long second = (ms - day * dd - hour * hh - minute * mi) / ss;

long milliSecond = ms - day * dd - hour * hh - minute * mi - second * ss;

NSString* strDay = (day >0) ? [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%ld",day] : [NSString stringWithFormat:@"0%ld", day];

NSString* strHour = (hour >0) ? [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%ld",hour] : [NSString stringWithFormat:@"0%ld", hour];

NSString* strMinute = (minute >0)? [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%ld",minute] : [NSString stringWithFormat:@"0%ld", minute];

NSString* strSecond = (second >0) ? [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%ld",second] : [NSString stringWithFormat:@"0%ld", second];

NSString* strMilliSecond = (milliSecond >0) ? [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%ld",milliSecond] : [NSString stringWithFormat:@"0%ld", milliSecond];

// strMilliSecond = milliSecond < 100 ? "0" + strMilliSecond : "" + strMilliSecond;

return [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@天%@时%@分%@秒%@毫秒",strDay,strHour,strMinute,strSecond,strMilliSecond];

}

/*

7.比较日期大小

*/

-(Date1BelongTo)compareOneDay:(NSDate *)oneDay withAnotherDay:(NSDate *)anotherDay

{

if ([oneDay isEqualToDate:anotherDay]) {

return Date1BelongToToday;

}else{

NSDateFormatter *dateFormatter = [[NSDateFormatter alloc]init];

[dateFormatter setDateFormat:@"yyyy-MM-dd "];//@"yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"这里只关心日期是不是同一天，我们不必理会时分秒

dateFormatter.timeZone = [NSTimeZone systemTimeZone];

NSString *oneDayStr = [dateFormatter stringFromDate:oneDay];

NSString *anotherDayStr = [dateFormatter stringFromDate:anotherDay];

NSDate *dateA = [dateFormatter dateFromString:oneDayStr];

NSDate *dateB = [dateFormatter dateFromString:anotherDayStr];

NSComparisonResult result = [dateA compare:dateB];

DLog(@"date1 : %@, date2 : %@", oneDay, anotherDay);

switch (result) {

case NSOrderedDescending:

{

DLog(@"Date1 is in the future");

return Date1BelongToFeature;

}

break;

case NSOrderedAscending:

{

DLog(@"Date1 is in the past");

return Date1BelongToPast;

}

break;

case NSOrderedSame:

{

DLog(@"Both dates are the same");

return Date1BelongToToday;

}

break;

}

// if (result == NSOrderedDescending) {

// DLog(@"Date1 is in the future");

// return Date1BelongToFeature;

// }

// else if (result ==NSOrderedAscending){

// DLog(@"Date1 is in the past");

// return Date1BelongToPast;

// }else{

//

// DLog(@"Both dates are the same");

// return Date1BelongToToday;

// }

}

}

//日期字符串转换成NSDate对象===>已经是系统当前时区

-(NSDate*)dateStrToNSDtaeInSystemTz:(NSString*)dateStr{

//日期字符串===>NSDate===>当前时区下的NSDate

if (!kStringIsEmpty(dateStr)) {

NSDateFormatter *formatter = [[NSDateFormatter alloc]init];

formatter.dateFormat = @"yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss";

//默认认为是当前时区下的日期字符串 转换为 官方时区下的NSDate实例====>美国时区

NSDate *dateFromDateStr = [formatter dateFromString:dateStr];

DLog(@"dateStr:%@,dateFromDateStr%@",dateStr,dateFromDateStr);

NSTimeZone *systemTz = [NSTimeZone systemTimeZone];

NSTimeInterval tI = [systemTz secondsFromGMTForDate:dateFromDateStr];

NSDate *trulyDate = [dateFromDateStr dateByAddingTimeInterval:tI];

DLog(@"trulyDate:%@",trulyDate);

return trulyDate;

}else{

return nil;

}

}

//date转换成当前时区下的字符串

-(NSString*)NSDateToDateStrInSystemTz:(NSDate*)date{

//日期字符串===>NSDate===>当前时区下的NSDate

if (!kObjectIsEmpty(date)) {

NSDateFormatter *dateFormatter = [[NSDateFormatter alloc]init];

dateFormatter.dateFormat = @"yyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss";

dateFormatter.timeZone = [NSTimeZone systemTimeZone];//默认是美国时区

return [dateFormatter stringFromDate:date];

}else{

return nil;

}

}

//NSdate转换成NSDate对象===>转换为系统当前时区

-(NSDate*)dateOfSystemTzWithDateInstance:(NSDate*)date{

//NSDate实例---->当前系统时区---->时差(实例默认是美国时间时区，实例在两个时区之间的时差。是加上时差还是减去时差，就得看具体场景了<经纬度问题>)----->当前系统下，NSDate实例对应的时间

NSDate *currDate = [NSDate date];

if (!date) {

date = currDate;

}

DLog(@"currDate:%@",date);

NSTimeZone *systemTimeZone = [NSTimeZone systemTimeZone];

NSTimeInterval currDateTICmpWithWesternTZ = [systemTimeZone secondsFromGMTForDate:date];

DLog(@"currDateTICmpWithWesternTZ:%zd",currDateTICmpWithWesternTZ);

NSDate *currDateInSystemTZ = [currDate dateByAddingTimeInterval:currDateTICmpWithWesternTZ];

return currDateInSystemTZ;

}

/*********

比较两个日期之间的差值

*******/

- (NSDateComponents*)differencewithDate:(NSString*)dateString withDate:(NSString*)anotherdateString{

// _created_at == Thu Oct 16 17:06:25 +0800 2014

// dateFormat == EEE MMM dd HH:mm:ss Z yyyy

// NSString --> NSDate

NSDateFormatter *fmt = [[NSDateFormatter alloc]init];

// 如果是真机调试，转换这种欧美时间，需要设置locale

fmt.locale = [[NSLocale alloc]initWithLocaleIdentifier:@"en_US"];

// 设置日期格式（声明字符串里面每个数字和单词的含义）

// E:星期几

// M:月份

// d:几号(这个月的第几天)

// H:24小时制的小时

// m:分钟

// s:秒

// y:年

fmt.dateFormat =@"EEE MMM dd HH:mm:ss Z yyyy";

// 微博的创建日期

NSDate *createDate = [fmt dateFromString:dateString];

// 当前时间

NSDate *now = [NSDate date];

// 日历对象（方便比较两个日期之间的差距）

NSCalendar *calendar = [NSCalendar currentCalendar];

// NSCalendarUnit枚举代表想获得哪些差值

NSCalendarUnit unit =NSCalendarUnitYear |NSCalendarUnitMonth|NSCalendarUnitDay |NSCalendarUnitHour |NSCalendarUnitMinute|NSCalendarUnitSecond;

// 计算两个日期之间的差值

NSDateComponents *cmps = [calendar components:unit fromDate:createDate toDate:now options:0];

DLog(@"%@ %@ %@", createDate, now, cmps);

return cmps;

}