调用系统相册上传头像到服务器

调用系统相册上传头像到服务器

现在越来越多的app都需要上传图片到服务器中，包括我们公司刚开发的一款app，想实现的功能是调用系统相册，上传头像到服务器，为用户设置头像，在经过努力之下，终于完成了。写下博客，巩固一下这方面的知识点，同时也希望可以帮助大家；好了废话不多说，直接上代码

先看一下MainActivity的布局文件把，很简单，就一个Button和一个ImageView，点击Button之后，会弹出一个对话框，可以选择相机、相册或者取消，ImageView用于显示你选择的照片

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
tools:context="com.example.uploadimagetoserver.MainActivity" >

<Button
android:id="@+id/btn"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="调用相册" />

<ImageView
android:id="@+id/image"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_centerInParent="true"
android:src="@drawable/ic_launcher" />

</RelativeLayout>

接下来看一下MainActivity的代码吧

private Button btn;
private PopupWindow pop;
private LinearLayout llPopup;
private ImageView ivImage;

/**
* 请求裁剪码
*/
public static final int REQUEST_CODE_GETIMAGE_BYCROP = 1;
/**
* 请求相机码
*/
public static final int REQUEST_CODE_GETIMAGE_BYCAMERA = 2;
/**
* 请求相册
*/
public static final int REQUEST_CODE_GETIMAGE_BYSDCARD = 3;

/**
* 去上传文件
*/
protected static final int TO_UPLOAD_FILE = 4;

/**
* 上传文件响应
*/
protected static final int UPLOAD_FILE_DONE = 5;  //

private Uri origUri;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
creatPopupwindows();

ivImage = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.image);
btn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn);
btn.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {

@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
llPopup.startAnimation(AnimationUtils.loadAnimation(MainActivity.this,R.anim.activity_slide_enter_bottom));
pop.showAtLocation(parent, Gravity.BOTTOM, 0, 0);
}
});
}
/**
* 创建对话框
*/
protected void creatPopupwindows() {

pop = new PopupWindow(this);
View popupView = getLayoutInflater().inflate(R.layout.item_popupwindows, null);
llPopup = (LinearLayout) popupView.findViewById(R.id.ll_popup);
pop.setWidth(LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT);
pop.setHeight(LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT);
pop.setBackgroundDrawable(new BitmapDrawable());
pop.setFocusable(true);
pop.setOutsideTouchable(true);
pop.setContentView(popupView);

parent = (RelativeLayout) popupView.findViewById(R.id.parent);
Button bt1 = (Button) popupView
.findViewById(R.id.item_popupwindows_camera);//照相
Button bt2 = (Button) popupView
.findViewById(R.id.item_popupwindows_Photo);//相册
Button bt3 = (Button) popupView
.findViewById(R.id.item_popupwindows_cancel);//取消

bt1.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(View v) {
//照相
photo();
pop.dismiss();
llPopup.clearAnimation();
}
});
bt2.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(View v) {
Intent intent;
// Android6.0以上，要动态申请读写权限
if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(getApplicationContext(),
Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE)
!= PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
//申请读写权限
ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(MainActivity.this,
new String[]{Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE,Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE},
REQUEST_CODE_GETIMAGE_BYCROP);
} else{

if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < 19) {
intent = new Intent();
intent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_GET_CONTENT);
intent.setType("image/*");
startActivityForResult(Intent.createChooser(intent, "选择图片"),
REQUEST_CODE_GETIMAGE_BYCROP);
} else {
intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_PICK,
Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI);
intent.setType("image/*");
startActivityForResult(Intent.createChooser(intent, "选择图片"),
REQUEST_CODE_GETIMAGE_BYCROP);
}
}
pop.dismiss();
//清除动画
llPopup.clearAnimation();
}
});

bt3.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(View v) {
pop.dismiss();
llPopup.clearAnimation();
}
});

}
/**
* 照相
*/
protected void photo() {
String savePath ="";
if(Environment.getExternalStorageState().equals(Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED)){
//SD卡处于挂载状态,创建图片保存的文件夹路径
savePath = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath()
+"/image/";
File saveDir = new File(savePath);
if(!saveDir.exists()){
//文件夹不存在，创建文件夹
saveDir.mkdirs();
}
}else{
Toast.makeText(this, "无法保存照片，请检查SD卡是否挂载", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
return;
}

//创建图片名称
String timeStamp = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMddHHmmss")
.format(new Date());
String fileName = "zhicuo_" + timeStamp + ".jpg";// 照片命名

//自定义图片保存路径
File out = new File(savePath, fileName);
Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(out);
origUri = uri;

// 动态申请照相权限和读写权限
if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(getApplicationContext(),
Manifest.permission.CAMERA)
!= PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this,
new String[]{Manifest.permission.CAMERA,Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE,Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE},
REQUEST_CODE_GETIMAGE_BYCAMERA);
} else{
Intent openCameraIntent = new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE);
Log.i("MainActivity", uri.toString());
openCameraIntent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, uri);
startActivityForResult(openCameraIntent,
REQUEST_CODE_GETIMAGE_BYCAMERA);
}

}

@Override
public void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent imageReturnIntent) {
//回调处理结果
if (resultCode != Activity.RESULT_OK)
return;

switch (requestCode) {
case REQUEST_CODE_GETIMAGE_BYCAMERA :
startActionCrop(origUri);// 拍照后裁剪
break;
case REQUEST_CODE_GETIMAGE_BYCROP:
startActionCrop(imageReturnIntent.getData());// 选图后裁剪
break;
case REQUEST_CODE_GETIMAGE_BYSDCARD :
//发送上传头像的消息
handler.sendEmptyMessage(TO_UPLOAD_FILE);
Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeFile(portraitFile.getAbsolutePath());
if(bitmap != null){
ivImage.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
}
break;
}

}

private Handler handler = new Handler(){
@Override
public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
switch (msg.what) {
case TO_UPLOAD_FILE:
toUploadFile();
break;

case UPLOAD_FILE_DONE:
//响应返回的结果
if(msg.arg1 == UploadUtil.UPLOAD_SUCCESS_CODE ){
String result = (String) msg.obj;
try {
//上传成功之后，服务端返回的数据
JSONObject obj = new JSONObject(result);
//获取服务端返回的头像地址
String portrait = obj.getString("portrait");
//根据自己业务做后续处理

} catch (JSONException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}else if(msg.arg1 == UploadUtil.UPLOAD_SERVER_ERROR_CODE){
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "上传失败", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
break;
default:
break;
}
super.handleMessage(msg);
}
};

/**
* 请求裁剪
* @param origUri
*/
private void startActionCrop(Uri data) {
Intent intent = new Intent("com.android.camera.action.CROP");
intent.setDataAndType(data, "image/*");
intent.putExtra("output", this.getUploadTempFile(data));
intent.putExtra("crop", "true");
intent.putExtra("aspectX", 1);// 裁剪框比例
intent.putExtra("aspectY", 1);
intent.putExtra("outputX", 200);// 输出图片大小
intent.putExtra("outputY", 200);
intent.putExtra("scale", true);// 去黑边
intent.putExtra("scaleUpIfNeeded", true);// 去黑边
startActivityForResult(intent,
REQUEST_CODE_GETIMAGE_BYSDCARD);
}
/**
* 上传头像到服务器
*/
protected void toUploadFile() {
String fileKey = "img";
UploadUtil uploadUtil = UploadUtil.getInstance();
uploadUtil.setOnUploadProcessListener(this);  //设置监听器监听上传状态
//定义一个Map集合，封装请求服务端时需要的参数
Map<String, String> params = new HashMap<String, String>();
//在这里根据服务端接口需要的参数来定，我们公司上传头像的接口，需要传入的参数是用户的
//userId，用户tocken，图片类型
//      params.put("userId", user.getUserId());
//      params.put("tocken", user.getTocken());
//      params.put("picType", "1");
if(portraitFile.exists()){
//参数三：请求的url，这里我用到了公司的url
uploadUtil.uploadFile(portraitFile.getAbsolutePath() ,fileKey, "http://www.megabes.com/zhicuo/v1/UploadPics.do",params);
}
}
//获取保存头像地址的Uri
private Uri getUploadTempFile(Uri uri) {
String portraitPath = "";
if(Environment.getExternalStorageState().equals(Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED)){
//保存图像的文件夹路径
portraitPath = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath()
+"/image/Portrait";
File saveDir = new File(portraitPath);
if(!saveDir.exists()){
saveDir.mkdirs();
}
}else {
Toast.makeText(this, "无法保存照片，请检查SD卡是否挂载", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();;
return null;
}

String timeStamp = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMddHHmmss")
.format(new Date());

String thePath = getAbsolutePathFromNoStandardUri(uri);
if (thePath.isEmpty()) {
thePath = getAbsoluteImagePath(uri);
}

//获取图片路径的扩展名
String ext = thePath.substring(thePath.lastIndexOf('.') + 1);
ext = ext.isEmpty() ? "jpg" : ext;

// 照片命名
String cropFileName = "crop_" + timeStamp + "." + ext;
portraitFile = new File(portraitPath, cropFileName);
cropUri = Uri.fromFile(portraitFile);
return cropUri;
}

private String SDCARD_MNT = "/mnt/sdcard";
private String SDCARD = "/sdcard";
private Uri cropUri;
private File portraitFile;
private RelativeLayout parent;

/**
* 判断当前Url是否标准的content://样式，如果不是，则返回绝对路径
* @param uri
* @return
*/
private String getAbsolutePathFromNoStandardUri(Uri mUri) {
String filePath = "";

String mUriString = mUri.toString();
mUriString = Uri.decode(mUriString);

String pre1 = "file://" + SDCARD + File.separator;
String pre2 = "file://" + SDCARD_MNT + File.separator;

if (mUriString.startsWith(pre1)) {
filePath = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getPath()
+ File.separator + mUriString.substring(pre1.length());
} else if (mUriString.startsWith(pre2)) {
filePath = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getPath()
+ File.separator + mUriString.substring(pre2.length());
}
return filePath;
}

/**
* 通过uri获取文件的绝对路径
* @param uri
* @return
*/
@SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
private String getAbsoluteImagePath(Uri uri) {
String imagePath = "";
String[] proj = { MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA };
Cursor cursor = managedQuery(uri, proj, // Which columns to
// return
null, // WHERE clause; which rows to return (all rows)
null, // WHERE clause selection arguments (none)
null); // Order-by clause (ascending by name)

if (cursor != null) {
int column_index = cursor
.getColumnIndexOrThrow(MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA);
if (cursor.getCount() > 0 && cursor.moveToFirst()) {
imagePath = cursor.getString(column_index);
}
}
return imagePath;
}
@Override
public void onUploadDone(int responseCode, String message) {
Message msg = Message.obtain();
msg.what = UPLOAD_FILE_DONE;
msg.arg1 = responseCode;
msg.obj = message;
handler.sendMessage(msg);
}

再来看一下UploadUtil工具类的代码吧

private static UploadUtil uploadUtil;
private static final String BOUNDARY =  UUID.randomUUID().toString(); // 边界标识 随机生成
private static final String PREFIX = "--";
private static final String LINE_END = "\r\n";
private static final String CONTENT_TYPE = "multipart/form-data"; // 内容类型

String result = null;

private UploadUtil() {

}

/**
* 单例模式获取上传工具类
* @return
*/
public static UploadUtil getInstance() {
if (null == uploadUtil) {
uploadUtil = new UploadUtil();
}
return uploadUtil;
}

private static final String TAG = "UploadUtil";
private int readTimeOut = 10 * 1000; // 读取超时
private int connectTimeout = 10 * 1000; // 超时时间

/***
* 请求使用多长时间
*/
private static int requestTime = 0;

private static final String CHARSET = "utf-8"; // 设置编码

/***
* 上传成功
*/
public static final int UPLOAD_SUCCESS_CODE = 1;

/**
* 文件不存在
*/
public static final int UPLOAD_FILE_NOT_EXISTS_CODE = 2;

/**
* 服务器出错
*/
public static final int UPLOAD_SERVER_ERROR_CODE = 3;

protected static final int WHAT_TO_UPLOAD = 1;
protected static final int WHAT_UPLOAD_DONE = 2;

/**
* android上传文件到服务器
*
* @param filePath
*            需要上传的文件的路径
* @param fileKey
*            在网页上<input type=file name=xxx/> xxx就是这里的fileKey
* @param RequestURL
*            请求的URL
*/
public void uploadFile(String filePath, String fileKey, String RequestURL, Map<String, String> param) {
if (filePath == null) {
sendMessage(UPLOAD_FILE_NOT_EXISTS_CODE,"文件不存在");
return;
}
try {
File file = new File(filePath);
uploadFile(file, fileKey, RequestURL, param);
} catch (Exception e) {
sendMessage(UPLOAD_FILE_NOT_EXISTS_CODE,"文件不存在");
e.printStackTrace();
return;
}
}

/**
* android上传文件到服务器
*
* @param file
*            需要上传的文件
* @param fileKey
*            在网页上<input type=file name=xxx/> xxx就是这里的fileKey
* @param RequestURL
*            请求的URL
*/
public void uploadFile(final File file, final String fileKey, final String RequestURL, final Map<String, String> param) {
//开启线程上传文件
new Thread(){
@Override
public void run() {
toUploadFile(file, fileKey, RequestURL, param);
}
};

}

private void toUploadFile(File file, String fileKey, String RequestURL, Map<String, String> param) {
requestTime= 0;

long requestTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
long responseTime = 0;

try {
URL url = new URL(RequestURL);
HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
conn.setReadTimeout(readTimeOut);
conn.setConnectTimeout(connectTimeout);
conn.setDoInput(true); // 允许输入流
conn.setDoOutput(true); // 允许输出流
conn.setUseCaches(false); // 不允许使用缓存
conn.setRequestMethod("POST"); // 请求方式
conn.setRequestProperty("Charset", CHARSET); // 设置编码
conn.setRequestProperty("connection", "keep-alive");
conn.setRequestProperty("user-agent", "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; SV1)");
conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", CONTENT_TYPE + ";boundary=" + BOUNDARY);

/**
* 当文件不为空，把文件包装并且上传
*/
DataOutputStream dos = new DataOutputStream(conn.getOutputStream());
StringBuffer sb = null;
String params = "";

/***
* 以下是用于上传参数
*/
if (param != null && param.size() > 0) {
Iterator<String> it = param.keySet().iterator();
while (it.hasNext()) {
sb = null;
sb = new StringBuffer();
String key = it.next();
String value = param.get(key);
sb.append(PREFIX).append(BOUNDARY).append(LINE_END);
sb.append("Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"").append(key).append("\"").append(LINE_END).append(LINE_END);
sb.append(value).append(LINE_END);
params = sb.toString();
Log.i(TAG, key+"="+params+"##");
dos.write(params.getBytes());
}
}

sb = null;
params = null;
sb = new StringBuffer();
/**
* 这里重点注意： name里面的值为服务器端需要key 只有这个key 才可以得到对应的文件
* filename是文件的名字，包含后缀名的 比如:abc.png
*/
sb.append(PREFIX).append(BOUNDARY).append(LINE_END);
sb.append("Content-Disposition:form-data; name=\"" + fileKey
+ "\"; filename=\"" + file.getName() + "\"" + LINE_END);
sb.append("Content-Type:image/pjpeg" + LINE_END); // 这里配置的Content-type很重要的 ，用于服务器端辨别文件的类型的
sb.append(LINE_END);
params = sb.toString();
sb = null;

Log.i(TAG, file.getName()+"=" + params+"##");
dos.write(params.getBytes());
/**上传文件*/
InputStream is = new FileInputStream(file);
//          //文件大小
//          onUploadProcessListener.initUpload((int)file.length());
//
byte[] bytes = new byte[1024];
int len = 0;
while ((len = is.read(bytes)) != -1) {
dos.write(bytes, 0, len);
}
is.close();

dos.write(LINE_END.getBytes());
byte[] end_data = (PREFIX + BOUNDARY + PREFIX + LINE_END).getBytes();
dos.write(end_data);
dos.flush();
/**
* 获取响应码 200=成功 当响应成功，获取响应的流
*/
int res = conn.getResponseCode();
responseTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
this.requestTime = (int) ((responseTime-requestTime)/1000);
Log.e(TAG, "response code:" + res);
if (res == 200) {
Log.e(TAG, "request success");
InputStream input = conn.getInputStream();
StringBuffer sb1 = new StringBuffer();
int ss;
while ((ss = input.read()) != -1) {
sb1.append((char) ss);
}
result = sb1.toString();
Log.i(TAG, "result : " + result);
sendMessage(UPLOAD_SUCCESS_CODE, result);
return;
} else {
Log.e(TAG, "request error");
sendMessage(UPLOAD_SERVER_ERROR_CODE,"上传失败：code=" + res);
return;
}
} catch (MalformedURLException e) {
sendMessage(UPLOAD_SERVER_ERROR_CODE,"上传失败：error=" + e.getMessage());
e.printStackTrace();
return;
} catch (IOException e) {
sendMessage(UPLOAD_SERVER_ERROR_CODE,"上传失败：error=" + e.getMessage());
e.printStackTrace();
return;
}
}

/**
* 发送上传结果
* @param responseCode
* @param responseMessage
*/
private void sendMessage(int responseCode,String responseMessage)
{
onUploadProcessListener.onUploadDone(responseCode, responseMessage);
}

/**
* 下面是一个自定义的回调函数，用到回调上传文件是否完成
*
*/
public interface OnUploadProcessListener {
/**
* 上传响应
* @param responseCode
* @param message
*/
void onUploadDone(int responseCode, String message);
}
private OnUploadProcessListener onUploadProcessListener;

public void setOnUploadProcessListener(
OnUploadProcessListener onUploadProcessListener) {
this.onUploadProcessListener = onUploadProcessListener;
}

public int getReadTimeOut() {
return readTimeOut;
}

public void setReadTimeOut(int readTimeOut) {
this.readTimeOut = readTimeOut;
}

public int getConnectTimeout() {
return connectTimeout;
}

public void setConnectTimeout(int connectTimeout) {
this.connectTimeout = connectTimeout;
}
/**
* 获取上传使用的时间
* @return
*/
public static int getRequestTime() {
return requestTime;
}

最后别忘了在AndroidManifest.xml文件中添加如下权限哦

<!-- 访问internet权限 -->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />

注意:Android6.0之后，需要在代码中动态的申请权限

完整代码下载