基于spring-mvc模式下的maven-web项目的环境配置

今天呢打算详细介绍下基于spring-mvc模式下的maven-web项目的环境配置，具体步骤如下：

1.建立一个maven-web工程



2.配置pom.xml，导入spring-mvc模式需要的jar包

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.yc</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-web</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>war</packaging>

<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<junit.version>4.12</junit.version>
<log4j.version>2.5</log4j.version>
<mybatis.version>3.4.1</mybatis.version>
<oracle.version>12.1.0.1</oracle.version>
<dbcp.version>2.1.1</dbcp.version>
<spring.version>4.3.2.RELEASE</spring.version>
<mybatis-spring.version>1.3.0</mybatis-spring.version>
<jdbc.version>4.3.2.RELEASE</jdbc.version>
</properties>

<dependencies>
<!-- 单元测试包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>${junit.version}</version>
</dependency>

<!-- 日志包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j-core</artifactId>
<version>${log4j.version}</version>
</dependency>

<!-- 日志实现包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j-slf4j-impl</artifactId>
<version>2.6.2</version>
</dependency>

<!-- mybatis框架包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>${mybatis.version}</version>
</dependency>

<!-- oracle数据库驱动包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.hynnet</groupId>
<artifactId>oracle-driver-ojdbc6</artifactId>
<version>${oracle.version}</version>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>

<!-- 第三方的数据库连接池框架DBCP -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-dbcp2</artifactId>
<version>${dbcp.version}</version>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>

<!-- jdbc框架包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>${jdbc.version}</version>
<scope>runtime</scope&g
ffca
t;
</dependency>

<!-- 引入spring框架的依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>

<!-- spring-test框架包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>

<!-- spring 与 mybatis的整合包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>${mybatis-spring.version}</version>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>

</dependencies>
</project>

3.建立mvc模式分层



4.配置日志文件（log4j.xml），放在src/main/resources位置下。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<Configuration>
<Appenders>
<Console name="STDOUT" target="SYSTEM_OUT">
<PatternLayout pattern="%d %-5p %C{1} (%F:%L) - %m%n"/>
</Console>
<File name="fileLog" fileName="log/user.log">
<PatternLayout pattern="%d %-5p %C{1} (%F:%L) - %m%n"/>
</File>

</Appenders>
<Loggers>
<!--自定义包中类的日志级别-->
<Logger name="com.yc.spring" level="debug"/>

<!-- 日志级别总开头 -->
<Root level="error">
<AppenderRef ref="STDOUT"/>
<AppenderRef ref="fileLog"/>
</Root>
</Loggers>
</Configuration>

5.关键的一步，配置spring.xml，同样放在src/main/resources位置下。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd"> 
<!-- bean就由spring容器创建好的对象 -->

<!-- 指定可以做为spring容器管理的对象的包 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.yc.spring" />

<!-- 引用外部的属性文件  -->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties"/>

<!-- 手动配置spring容器中的bean -->
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp2.BasicDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driverClassName}" />
<property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" />
<property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" />
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />
<property name="initialSize" value="${jdbc.initialSize}" />
<property name="maxTotal" value="${jdbc.maxTotal}" />
<property name="minIdle" value="${jdbc.minIdle}" />
<property name="validationQuery" value="${jdbc.validationQuery}" />
</bean>

<!-- mybatis的sqlsessionFactory对象 -->
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>  <!-- 注入数据源对象 -->
<property name="typeAliasesPackage" value="com.yc.spring"/> <!-- 注入别名定义所在的包 -->
<property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:mapper/*Mapper.xml"/> <!-- 注入注册映射文件 -->
</bean>

<!-- 配置映射接口的代理实现类的bean,bean的名称为首字母小写 -->
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<property name="basePackage" value="com.yc.spring.mapper" />
<property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"></property>
</bean>
</beans>

6.现在我们就需要导入一个db.properties文件，这里我使用的是oracle数据库，所以配置的这个文件数据是oracle类型的。当然位置也在src/main/resources下。

jdbc.driverClassName=oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver
jdbc.url=jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:orcl
jdbc.username=lty
jdbc.password=d
jdbc.initialSize=10
jdbc.maxTotal=100
jdbc.minIdle=5
jdbc.validationQuery=select 1 from dual

7.我们需要在src/main/resources下建立一级mapper目录，用来存放映射xml文件。这里我们是对应spring.xml文件中

<property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:mapper/*Mapper.xml"/> <!-- 注入注册映射文件 -->

这段代码，如果你不建立mapper目录，那么spring.xml文件中也需要做相应的修改。如：

<property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:*Mapper.xml"/> <!-- 注入注册映射文件 -->

8.完成到这里可以说环境配置已经差不多结束了，但是，我们还需要对环境进行一个测试。我们在src/test/java下编写一个测试类connTest，代码如下

package com.yc.spring.test;

import static org.junit.Assert.*;

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.SQLException;

import javax.sql.DataSource;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) //调用spring-test框架的测试
@ContextConfiguration("classpath:spring.xml")
public class ConnTest {

@Autowired    //自动注入对象
private DataSource datasource;

@Test
public void test() throws SQLException {
Connection conn=datasource.getConnection();
assertNotNull(conn);
}
}

测试通过即代表环境配置完成。