VirtualBox中为Linux添加磁盘

关闭虚拟机

设置虚拟机

存储 -> 控制器:SATA -> 添加虚拟硬盘



创建新的虚拟盘 -> 选择VDI -> 选择动态分配 -> 命名、设置极限大小

启动虚拟机

分区

执行[fdisk –l]命令查看磁盘信息

# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1305 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x0000e692

Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *           1          64      512000   83  Linux
Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/sda2              64        1045     7875584   8e  Linux LVM
/dev/sda3            1045        1305     2093804+  8e  Linux LVM

Disk /dev/sdb: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1305 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x9eec6ec5

Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sdb1               1        1305    10482381   83  Linux

Disk /dev/sdc: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000

Disk /dev/mapper/vg_hicamp-lv_root: 9344 MB, 9344909312 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1136 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000

Disk /dev/mapper/vg_hicamp-lv_swap: 855 MB, 855638016 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 104 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000

执行[fdisk /dev/sdc]命令来添加分区

根据提示内容，依次输入：n p 1 回车 回车 w

# fdisk /dev/sdc
Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x283ab7e6.
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
After that, of course, the previous content won't be recoverable.

Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)

WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to
switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to
sectors (command 'u').

Command (m for help): m
Command action
a   toggle a bootable flag
b   edit bsd disklabel
c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
d   delete a partition
l   list known partition types
m   print this menu
n   add a new partition
o   create a new empty DOS partition table
p   print the partition table
q   quit without saving changes
s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
t   change a partition's system id
u   change display/entry units
v   verify the partition table
w   write table to disk and exit
x   extra functionality (experts only)

Command (m for help): n
Command action
e   extended
p   primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-2610, default 1):
Using default value 1
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-2610, default 2610):
Using default value 2610

Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.

再次执行[fdisk -l]命令，查看分区状况

# fdisk -l
...
Disk /dev/sdc: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x283ab7e6

Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sdc1               1        2610    20964793+  83  Linux

Disk /dev/mapper/vg_hicamp-lv_root: 9344 MB, 9344909312 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1136 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000
...

格式化

执行[mkfs -t ext4 /dev/sdc1]进行格式化

# mkfs -t ext4 /dev/sdc1
mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
文件系统标签=
操作系统:Linux
块大小=4096 (log=2)
分块大小=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
1310720 inodes, 5241198 blocks
262059 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
第一个数据块=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=4294967296
160 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,
4096000

正在写入inode表: 完成
Creating journal (32768 blocks): 完成
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: 完成

This filesystem will be automatically checked every 25 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

挂载

执行[df -h]查看目前挂载状况

# df -h
Filesystem            Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/vg_hicamp-lv_root
8.5G  4.1G  4.0G  51% /
tmpfs                 499M     0  499M   0% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1             477M   28M  425M   7% /boot
/dev/sdb1             9.8G  9.2G  100M  99% /data01

创建/data02目录，并将/dev/sdc1挂载到此目录

# mkdir /data02
# mount /dev/sdc1 /data02

再次执行[df -h]命令，查看挂载情况

# df -h
Filesystem            Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/vg_hicamp-lv_root
8.5G  4.1G  4.0G  51% /
tmpfs                 499M     0  499M   0% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1             477M   28M  425M   7% /boot
/dev/sdb1             9.8G  9.2G  100M  99% /data01
/dev/sdc1              20G   44M   19G   1% /data02

添加开机自动挂载

修改/etc/fstab文件，添加配置

# vi /etc/fstab
...
/dev/sdc1               /data02                 ext4    defaults        0 0
...