虚拟机上安装Oracle 12c 单机到单机的DG

虚拟机上安装Oracle 12c 单机到单机的DG

环境准备：

ubuntu16.04+kvm1.3.2

CentOS6.5 64bit

oracle 12c1

test@vostro-2421:/media/test/mc2t/bak/kvm/dg$ qemu-img create -f qcow2 -o size=40G ./cos6512c1.img

Formatting './cos6512c1.img', fmt=qcow2 size=42949672960 encryption=off cluster_size=65536 lazy_refcounts=off refcount_bits=16

test@vostro-2421:/media/test/mc2t/bak/kvm/dg$ qemu-img create -f qcow2 -o size=40G ./cos6512c2.img

Formatting './cos6512c1.img', fmt=qcow2 size=42949672960 encryption=off cluster_size=65536 lazy_refcounts=off refcount_bits=16

test@vostro-2421:/media/test/mc2t/bak/kvm/dg$ qemu-img info ./cos6512c1.img

image: ./cos6512c1.img

file format: qcow2

virtual size: 40G (42949672960 bytes)

disk size: 196K

cluster_size: 65536

Format specific information:

compat: 1.1

lazy refcounts: false

refcount bits: 16

corrupt: false

3G内存40G硬盘未分区，由CENTOS6.5自动处理

database server->customize now->databases不安装mysql.postgresql数据库->Desktops->Desktop.xwindowssystem->Development除eclipse，其他全安装。

vi /etc/hosts

192.168.122.4 dg1

192.168.122.5 dg2

1.规划

主库(192.168.122.4)dg1：

db_name dg1

db_unique_name dg1

service_name dg1

instance_name dg1

本地归档路径 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/dg1/archivelog

tnsnames dg2 --配置去备库的tns

备库(192.168.122.5)dg2：

db_name dg1 数据库名要一样

db_unique_name dg2 在一个dg环境里面，每一个成员的名字。

servicer_name dg2

instance_name dg2 实例名可以不一样

本地归档路径 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/dg1/archivelog

tnsnames dg1 --配置去主库的tns

2.安装ORACLE

在VNC下使用Oracle用户安装软件，，无法正常显示图形界面解决办法:root用户执行 xhost +

重装oracle：

shutdown immediate;

lsnrctl stop

echo '' > /etc/oratab

rm -rf /u01

go1/2[脚本见我的另一文档]

1:/2:[1指dg1,2指dg2服务器]

安装oracle数据库

disable I wish to receve security updates via My Oracle Support ->next -> no email ->yes ->Skip software updates ->next ->Create and configure a database ->next ->Server class ->next ->Single instance ->next ->Advanced install ->next ->add Simplified chinese
->next ->Enterprise Edition ->next ->next ->next ->next

Global database name:dg1

Oracle system identifier(SID):dg1/2

Pluggable database name: pdbdg1/2

->next

Memory:

Enable Automatic Memory Management

Allocate memory 40%

Character sets:

Traditional Chinaese ZHT16HKSCS

->next database file location:/u01/app/oracle/oradata

->next ->next

Enable Recovery File system

Recovery area location: /u01/app/oracle/recovery_area

->next

Use the same passwor all accounts:123456

->next ->yes ->next

->install

database creation complete.For details check the logfiles at:

/u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/dg1

Global Database Name: dg1

System Identifier(SID): dg1/2

Server Parameter File name:/u01/app/oracle/dbhome/dbs/spfiledg1/2.ora

EM Database Express URL:https://dg1/2:5500/em

->ok ->close

log: /u01/app/oraInventory/logs/installActions2016-10-09...log

ORACLE不会自动启动，运行dbSet.sh

dg2:

./runInstaller -silent -ignorePrereq -responseFile /home/oracle/db20161009.rsp

$ netca

$ dbca

3.设置DG数据库环境

dg1/2:

SQL> alter database force logging;

Database altered.

SQL> select force_logging from v$database;

FORCE_LOGGING

------------------------------------------------------------------------------

YES

[oracle@dg1 dg1]$ pwd

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/dg1

[oracle@dg1 dg1]$ ls

control01.ctl pdbseed redo02.log sysaux01.dbf temp01.dbf users01.dbf

pdbdg1 redo01.log redo03.log system01.dbf undotbs01.dbf

SQL> alter system set log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/dg1/' scope=both;

SQL> alter database close;

SQL> alter database archivelog;

SQL> select GROUP#,MEMBERS,BYTES/1024/1024 from v$log;

GROUP# MEMBERS BYTES/1024/1024

---------- ---------- ---------------

1 1 50

3 1 50

2 1 50

SQL> select GROUP#,MEMBER from v$logfile;

GROUP#

----------

MEMBER

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

3

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/dg1/redo03.log

2

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/dg1/redo02.log

1

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/dg1/redo01.log

SQL> alter database add standby logfile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/dg1/stdredo1.log' size 50M;

Database altered.

SQL> alter database add standby logfile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/dg1/stdredo2.log' size 50M;

Database altered.

SQL> alter database add standby logfile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/dg1/stdredo3.log' size 50M;

Database altered.

SQL> alter database add standby logfile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/dg1/stdredo4.log' size 50M;

Database altered.

4.修改SPFILE参数文件

[oracle@dg1 dbs]$ mkdir bak

[oracle@dg1 dbs]$ cp *.* ./bak/

[oracle@dg1 dbs]$ cp *1 ./bak

[oracle@dg1 dbs]$ ls bak

hc_dg1.dat init.ora lkDG1 orapwdg1 spfiledg1.ora

[oracle@dg1 dbs]$ ls

bak hc_dg1.dat init.ora lkDG1 orapwdg1 spfiledg1.ora

SQL> create pfile from spfile;

[oracle@dg1 dbs]$ ls

bak hc_dg1.dat initdg1.ora init.ora lkDG1 orapwdg1 spfiledg1.ora

dg1$ vi initdg1.ora添加

#primary dg1

DB_UNIQUE_NAME='dg1'

log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(dg1,dg2)'

log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/dg1/archivelog VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=dg1'

LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2='SERVICE=dg2 LGWR ASYNC VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=dg2'

LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1=ENABLE

LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2=ENABLE

STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=AUTO

dg2$ vi initdg2.ora添加

#standby dg2

DB_UNIQUE_NAME='dg2'

log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(dg1,dg2)'

log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/dg1/archivelog VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=dg2'

LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1=ENABLE

STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=AUTO

log_file_name_convert='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/dg1/archivelog','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/dg1/archivelog'

db_file_name_convert='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/dg1/archivelog','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/dg1/archivelog'

5.配置网络监听

[oracle@dg1 admin]$ pwd

/u01/app/oracle/12c/dbhome/network/admin

[oracle@dg1 admin]$ mkdir bak

[oracle@dg1 admin]$ cp *.* bak/

[oracle@dg1 admin]$ ls

bak listener.ora samples shrept.lst sqlnet.ora tnsnames.ora

[oracle@dg1 admin]$ ls bak

listener.ora shrept.lst sqlnet.ora tnsnames.ora

1/2$ vi tnsnames.ora

# tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/oracle/12c/dbhome/network/admin/tnsnames.ora

# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

DG1 =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.122.4)(PORT = 1521))

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SERVER = DEDICATED)

(SERVICE_NAME = dg1)

)

)

DG2 =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.122.5)(PORT = 1521))

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SERVER = DEDICATED)

(SERVICE_NAME = dg2)

)

)

1$ vi listener.ora

# listener.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/oracle/12c/dbhome/network/admin/listener.ora

# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

SID_LIST_LISTENER =

(SID_LIST =

(SID_DESC =

(GLOBAL_DBNAME = dg1)

(ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/12c/dbhome)

(SID_NAME = dg1)

)

)

LISTENER =

(DESCRIPTION_LIST =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = dg1)(PORT = 1521))

)

)

2$ vi listener.ora

# listener.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/oracle/12c/dbhome/network/admin/listener.ora

# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

SID_LIST_LISTENER =

(SID_LIST =

(SID_DESC =

(GLOBAL_DBNAME = dg2)

(ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/12c/dbhome)

(SID_NAME = dg2)

)

)

LISTENER =

(DESCRIPTION_LIST =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = dg2)(PORT = 1521))

)

)

6.用新参数重新启动数据库

SQL> shutdown immediate

ORA-01109: database not open

Database dismounted.

ORACLE instance shut down.

SQL> create spfile from pfile;

File created.

SQL> startup;

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 1269366784 bytes

Fixed Size 2287912 bytes

Variable Size 805308120 bytes

Database Buffers 452984832 bytes

Redo Buffers 8785920 bytes

Database mounted.

Database opened.

[oracle@dg1 dbs]$ pwd

/u01/app/oracle/12c/dbhome/dbs

dg2:

[oracle@dg2 dbs]$ ls

bak hc_dg2.dat init.ora spfiledg2.ora

lkDG2 orapwdg2

SQL> create pfile from spfile;

[oracle@dg2 dbs]$ ls

bak hc_dg2.dat initdg2.ora lkDG2 orapwdg2

init.ora spfiledg2.ora

$ vi initdg2.ora

#standby dg2

DB_UNIQUE_NAME='dg2'

log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(dg1,dg2)'

log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/dg1/archivelog VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=dg2'

LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1=ENABLE

STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=AUTO

log_file_name_convert='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/dg1/archivelog','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/dg1/archivelog'

db_file_name_convert='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/dg1/archivelog','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/dg1/archivelog'

[oracle@dg2 admin]$ vi listener.ora

# listener.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/oracle/12c/dbhome/network/admin/listener.ora

# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

SID_LIST_LISTENER =

(SID_LIST =

(SID_DESC =

(GLOBAL_DBNAME = dg2)

(ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/12c/dbhome)

(SID_NAME = dg2)

)

)

LISTENER =

(DESCRIPTION_LIST =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = dg2)(PORT = 1521))

)

)

[oracle@dg2 admin]$ vi tnsnames.ora

# tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/oracle/12c/dbhome/network/admin/tnsnames.ora

# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

DG1 =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.122.4)(PORT = 1521))

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SERVER = DEDICATED)

(SERVICE_NAME = dg1)

)

)

DG2 =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.122.5)(PORT = 1521))

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SERVER = DEDICATED)

(SERVICE_NAME = dg2)

)

)

SQL> create spfile from pfile;

SQL> startup nomount;

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 1269366784 bytes

Fixed Size 2287912 bytes

Variable Size 788530904 bytes

Database Buffers 469762048 bytes

Redo Buffers 8785920 bytes

7.rman duplicate 复制数据库

[oracle@dg2 dbs]$ mkdir /u01/app/oracle/oradata/dg1/pdbdg1

shutdiwn immediate;startup nomount;

dg2$ rman target sys/123456@dg1 auxiliary sys/123456@dg2

RMAN>duplicate target database for standby from active database nofilenamecheck dorecover;

......

archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/dg1/archivelog1_57_924786787.dbf thread=1 sequence=57

media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:02:46

Finished recover at 2016:10:12 13:45:07

Finished Duplicate Db at 2016:10:12 13:45:38

RMAN>

8.启动备库数据库

SQL> alter database open;

SQL> select process,client_process,sequence#,status from v$managed_standby;

PROCESS CLIENT_PROCESS SEQUENCE# STATUS

------------------ ---------------- ---------- ------------------------

ARCH ARCH 0 CONNECTED

ARCH ARCH 0 CONNECTED

ARCH ARCH 0 CONNECTED

ARCH ARCH 0 CONNECTED

SQL> alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session;

SQL> select process,client_process,sequence#,status from v$managed_standby;

PROCESS CLIENT_P SEQUENCE# STATUS

--------- -------- ---------- ------------

ARCH ARCH 0 CONNECTED

ARCH ARCH 0 CONNECTED

ARCH ARCH 0 CONNECTED

ARCH ARCH 0 CONNECTED

MRP0 N/A 27 WAIT_FOR_LOG

SQL> select sequence#,applied from v$archived_log;

SEQUENCE# APPLIED

---------- ------------------

51 YES

52 YES

53 YES

9.测试DG

dg1$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL> create tablespace mc datafile '/home/oracle/mc01.dbf' size 10M autoextend on next 5M maxsize 100M;

Tablespace created.

SQL> CREATE USER c##mcc IDENTIFIED BY mcc DEFAULT TABLESPACE mc;

User created.

SQL> grant connect,resource to c##mc;

Grant succeeded.

SQL> alter user c##mc QUOTA unlimited ON mc TEMPORARY TABLESPACE temp;

User altered.

dg1$ sqlplus c##mcc/mcc

SQL> create table bb(a varchar(3),b varchar(3));

Table created.

SQL> insert into bb values('q','q');

1 row created.

SQL> commit;

Commit complete.

dg2$ sqlplus c##mcc/mcc

SQL> desc bb;

Name Null? Type

----------------------------------------- -------- ----------------------------

A VARCHAR2(3)

B VARCHAR2(3)

SQL> select * from bb;

A B

------ ------

q q

SQL>

OK

10.参考：
http://blog.csdn.net/knuuy/article/details/47154571 http://blog.csdn.net/tianlesoftware/article/details/41675139