移植最新内核linux-3.14.6到mini2440开发板

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移植最新内核linux-3.14.6到mini2440开发板

原文地址http://blog.chinaunix.net/uid-23089249-id-4293986.html

1、建立目标平台

1.1 添加机器码--LINGD2440

在arch/arm/tools/mach-types 下，添加以下一行

lingd@ubuntu14:~/arm/linux-3.14.6$ vim arch/arm/tools/mach-types

lingd2440 MACH_LINGD2440 LINGD2440 1998

1.2 添加平台文件--mach-lingd2440.c

复制arch/arm/mach-s3c24xx目录下的 mach-smdk2440.c，命名为mach-lingd2440.c。并找到 MACHINE_START(S3C2440, "SMDK2440")
， 修改为MACHINE_START(LINGD2440,

"lingd mini2440 development board")。 并把mach-lingd2440.c文件中所有的smdk2440改为lingd2440，所有的SMDK2440改为LINGD2440。

lingd@ubuntu14:~/arm/linux-3.14.6$ cp arch/arm/mach-s3c24xx/mach-smdk2440.c arch/arm/mach-s3c24xx/mach-lingd2440.c

1.3 修改时钟源频率--mini2440晶振是12mhz

lingd@ubuntu14:~/arm/linux-3.14.6$ vim arch/arm/mach-s3c24xx/mach-lingd2440.c

在arch/arm/mach-s3c24xx/mach-lingd2440.c第162行static void __init smdk2440_map_io(void)函数中，将s3c24xx_init_clocks(16934400);改为s3c24xx_init_clocks

(12000000);

1.4 添加内核配置选项

在arch/arm/mach-s3c24xx/Kconfig 中，第551行（也就是mini2440的配置后面）添加以下内容

lingd@ubuntu14:~/arm/linux-3.14.6$ vim arch/arm/mach-s3c24xx/Kconfig

config MACH_LINGD2440

bool "LINGD mini2440 development board"

select S3C_DEV_USB_HOST

select S3C_DEV_NAND

help

Say
Y here to select support for the LINGD-MINI2440.

Is
a 10cm x 10cm board available via various sources.

It
can come with a 3.5" or 7" touch LCD.

1.5 添加内核编译选项

在arch/arm/mach-s3c24xx/Makefile 中，第87行（也就是mini2440的配置后面）添加以下内容

lingd@ubuntu14:~/arm/linux-3.14.6$ vim arch/arm/mach-s3c24xx/Makefile

obj-$(CONFIG_MACH_LINGD2440) += mach-lingd2440.o

1.6 添加配置文件

复制arch/arm/configs目录下的mini2440_defconfig，命名为lingd2440_config。并把第21行中的CONFIG_MACH_MINI2440=y，修改为CONFIG_MACH_LINGD2440=y。再将

lingd2440_config复制到内核源码根目录下，命名为.config。

lingd@ubuntu14:~/arm/linux-3.14.6$ cp arch/arm/configs/mini2440_defconfig arch/arm/configs/lingd2440_config

lingd@ubuntu14:~/arm/linux-3.14.6$ vim arch/arm/configs/lingd2440_config

lingd@ubuntu14:~/arm/linux-3.14.6$ cp arch/arm/configs/lingd2440_config .config

1.7 修改Makefile

lingd@ubuntu14:~/arm/linux-3.14.6$ vim Makefile

将198、199行修改为以下内容：

ARCH ?=
arm

CROSS_COMPILE ?= arm-linux-

1.8 配置内核

lingd@ubuntu14:~/arm/linux-3.14.6$ make menuconfig

1）设置内核默认启动参数

内核默认启动参数必须设置。当bootloader无法将启动参数传递给内核时，内核会按默认参数来启动。如果没有设置的话，就可能会出现内核解压后没有串口打印了（内核将启动

输出到lcd而不是串口），甚至内核无法启动。

Boot options --->

() Default kernel command string --->

填入以下内核启动参数：

noinitrd root=/dev/mtdblock3 rw init=/linuxrc console=ttySAC0,115200

如果改为以下启动参数，可同时将内核启动信息打印到串口和LCD显示屏

noinitrd root=/dev/mtdblock3 rw init=/linuxrc console=ttySAC0,115200 console=tty0

启动参数中rw不可忽略，否则可能造成根文件系统挂载完成后无法进入系统。我遇到过不填写rw时，yaffs2根文件系统被挂载为ro（只读），导致无法进入系统

其他配置可先不修改，直接退出保存

1.9 编译内核

lingd@ubuntu14:~/arm/linux-3.14.6$ make clean

lingd@ubuntu14:~/arm/linux-3.14.6$ make

lingd@ubuntu14:~/arm/linux-3.14.6$ ls arch/arm/boot/

bootp compressed
dts
Image
install.sh
Makefile
zImage

2、移植Nand驱动并修改分区信息

2.1 内核支持的nand flash类型

drivers/mtd/nand/nand_ids.c 定义了内核所支持的所有nand flash类型

2.2 修改nand flash分区表

在arch/arm/mach-s3c24xx/mach-lingd2440.c 中，添加以下内容

lingd@ubuntu14:~/arm/linux-3.14.6$ vim arch/arm/mach-s3c24xx/mach-lingd2440.c

//nand flash相关头文件

#include

#include

#include

#include

#include

//nand flash分区表

static struct mtd_partition lingd2440_default_nand_part[] = {

[0] = {

.name = "bootloader",

.size = SZ_256K,

.offset = 0,

},

[1] = {

.name = "param",

.offset = SZ_256K,

.size = SZ_128K,

},

[2] = {

.name = "kernel",

.offset = SZ_128K * 3,

.size = SZ_1M * 5,

},

[3] = {

.name = "root",

.offset = SZ_1M * 5 + SZ_128K * 3,

.size = MTDPART_SIZ_FULL,

},

[4] = {

.name = "nand",

.offset = 0,

.size = MTDPART_SIZ_FULL,

}

};

//开发板nand flash芯片集，mini2440只有一片nand flash

static struct s3c2410_nand_set lingd2440_nand_sets[] = {

[0] = {

.name = "NAND",

.nr_chips = 1,

.nr_partitions = ARRAY_SIZE(lingd2440_default_nand_part),

.partitions = lingd2440_default_nand_part,

},

};

//开发板nand flash芯片信息

static struct s3c2410_platform_nand lingd2440_nand_info = {

.tacls = 20,

.twrph0 = 60,

.twrph1 = 20,

.nr_sets = ARRAY_SIZE(lingd2440_nand_sets),

.sets = lingd2440_nand_sets,

.ignore_unset_ecc = 1,

};

//将nand flash添加到平台设备中

static struct platform_device *lingd2440_devices[] __initdata = {

&s3c_device_ohci,

&s3c_device_lcd,

&s3c_device_wdt,

&s3c_device_i2c0,

&s3c_device_iis,

&s3c_device_nand, //添加nand flash平台设备

};

//调用s3c_nand_set_platdata将nand flash芯片信息添加到nand flash平台设备中

static void __init lingd2440_machine_init(void)

{

s3c24xx_fb_set_platdata(&lingd2440_fb_info);

s3c_i2c0_set_platdata(NULL);

s3c_nand_set_platdata(&lingd2440_nand_info); //将nand flash芯片信息添加到nand flash平台设备中

platform_add_devices(lingd2440_devices, ARRAY_SIZE(lingd2440_devices));

// smdk_machine_init();

}

2.3 内核配置选项

ftl_cs: FTL header not found.问题解决方法：取消以下内核配置选项

lingd@ubuntu14:~/arm/linux-3.14.6$ make menuconfig

Device Drivers --->

<*> Memory Technology Device (MTD) support --->

< > FTL
(Flash Translation Layer) support

< > NFTL
(NAND Flash Translation Layer) support

< > INFTL
(Inverse NAND Flash Translation Layer) support

3、添加yaffs2支持

3.1 获取yaffs源码

lingd@ubuntu14:~/arm$ git clone git://www.aleph1.co.uk/yaffs2

3.2 为内核打yaffs2补丁

lingd@ubuntu14:~/arm$ cd yaffs2/

lingd@ubuntu14:~/arm/yaffs2$ ./patch-ker.sh l m /home/lingd/arm/linux-3.14.6

Updating /home/lingd/arm/linux-3.14.6/fs/Kconfig

Updating /home/lingd/arm/linux-3.14.6/fs/Makefile

3.3 内核配置选项

lingd@ubuntu14:~/arm/yaffs2$ cd ../linux-3.14.6/

lingd@ubuntu14:~/arm/linux-3.14.6$ make menuconfig

File systems --->

[*] Miscellaneous filesystems --->

<*> yaffs2
file system support

-*- 512
byte / page devices

[ ] Use
older-style on-NAND data format with pageStatus byte

[ ] Lets
yaffs do its own ECC

-*- 2048
byte (or larger) / page devices

[*] Autoselect
yaffs2 format

[ ] Disable
yaffs from doing ECC on tags by default

[ ] Force
chunk erase check

[ ] Empty
lost and found on boot

[ ] Disable
yaffs2 block refreshing

[ ] Disable
yaffs2 background processing

[ ] Disable
yaffs2 bad block marking

[ ] Enable
yaffs2 xattr support

3.4 yaffs2补丁

最新yaffs2源码无法通过编译，需要修改，待续

4、移植网卡dm9000驱动

内核自带网卡dm9000驱动drivers/net/ethernet/davicom/dm9000.c。它也是一个平台设备，因此在目标平台初始化代码中，只要填写好相应的结构表即可，具体步骤如下：

lingd@ubuntu14:~/arm/linux-3.14.6$ vim arch/arm/mach-s3c24xx/mach-lingd2440.c

4.1 添加驱动所需的头文件 dm9000.h

//dm9000相关头文件

#include

//内存控制器相关头文件

#include "regs-mem.h"

4.2 添加dm9000网卡物理基地址定义

//dm9000网卡物理基地址

#define MACH_LINGD2440_DM9000_BASE (S3C2410_CS4 + 0x300)

4.3 添加dm9000网卡资源定义

//dm9000网卡资源

static struct resource lingd2440_dm9000_resources[] = {

[0] = DEFINE_RES_MEM(MACH_LINGD2440_DM9000_BASE, 4),

[1] = DEFINE_RES_MEM(MACH_LINGD2440_DM9000_BASE + 4, 4),

[2] = DEFINE_RES_NAMED(IRQ_EINT7, 1, NULL, IORESOURCE_IRQ \

| IORESOURCE_IRQ_HIGHEDGE),

};

4.4 添加dm9000平台数据定义

//dm9000平台数据

static struct dm9000_plat_data lingd2440_dm9000_platdata = {

.flags = DM9000_PLATF_16BITONLY | DM9000_PLATF_NO_EEPROM,

.dev_addr = { 0x88, 0x00, 0xC0, 0xA8, 0x00, 0x88 }, //MAC地址

};

4.5 添加dm9000平台设备定义

//dm9000平台设备

struct platform_device lingd2440_dm9000 = {

.name = "dm9000",

.id = -1,

.num_resources = ARRAY_SIZE(lingd2440_dm9000_resources),

.resource = lingd2440_dm9000_resources,

.dev = {

.platform_data = &lingd2440_dm9000_platdata,

},

};

4.6 添加dm9000初始化函数

//dm9000初始化函数

static void lingd2440_dm9000_init(void)

{

#define S3C2410_BWSCON_DW4_8 (0<<16)

#define S3C2410_BWSCON_DW4_16 (1<<16)

#define S3C2410_BWSCON_DW4_32 (2<<16)

#define S3C2410_BWSCON_WS4 (1<<18)

writel((readl(S3C2410_BWSCON) & 0xFFF0FFFF) | S3C2410_BWSCON_DW4_16 | S3C2410_BWSCON_WS4 | S3C2410_BWSCON_ST4,
S3C2410_BWSCON);

writel(0x1F7C, S3C2410_BANKCON4);

}

4.7 将dm9000平台设备添加到开发板平台设备定义中

static struct platform_device *lingd2440_devices[] __initdata = {

&s3c_device_ohci,

&s3c_device_lcd,

&s3c_device_wdt,

&s3c_device_i2c0,

&s3c_device_iis,

&s3c_device_nand, //添加nand flash平台设备

&lingd2440_dm9000, //添加dm9000平台设备

};

4.8 在开发板初始化函数中，调用dm9000初始化函数lingd2440_dm9000_init

static void __init lingd2440_machine_init(void)

{

s3c24xx_fb_set_platdata(&lingd2440_fb_info);

s3c_i2c0_set_platdata(NULL);

lingd2440_dm9000_init(); //初始化dm9000

s3c_nand_set_platdata(&lingd2440_nand_info); //将nand flash芯片信息添加到nand flash平台设备中

platform_add_devices(lingd2440_devices, ARRAY_SIZE(lingd2440_devices));

// smdk_machine_init();

}

4.9 添加dm9000支持

lingd@ubuntu14:~/arm/linux-3.14.6$ make menuconfig

Device Drivers --->

[*] Network device support --->

[*] Ethernet driver support --->

<*> DM9000 support

5、添加RTC支持

内核自带s3c2440 RTC驱动drivers/rtc/rtc-s3c.c。

5.1 将RTC平台设备添加到开发板平台设备定义中

lingd@ubuntu14:~/arm/linux-3.14.6$ vim arch/arm/mach-s3c24xx/mach-lingd2440.c

static struct platform_device *lingd2440_devices[] __initdata = {

&s3c_device_ohci,

&s3c_device_lcd,

&s3c_device_wdt,

&s3c_device_i2c0,

&s3c_device_iis,

&s3c_device_rtc, //添加RTC平台设备

&s3c_device_nand, //添加nand flash平台设备

&lingd2440_dm9000, //添加dm9000平台设备

};

5.2 添加RTC支持

Device Drivers --->

[*] Real Time Clock --->

<*> Samsung S3C series SoC RTC

5.3 测试

root@lingd2440:/# date

Sat Jan 1
00:00:10 UTC 2000

root@lingd2440:/# date -s 201406081948

Sun Jun 8
19:48:00 UTC 2014

root@lingd2440:/# date

Sun Jun 8
19:48:04 UTC 2014

root@lingd2440:/# hwclock

Sat Jan 1
00:00:32 2000 0.000000
seconds

root@lingd2440:/# hwclock -w

root@lingd2440:/# hwclock

Sun Jun 8
19:48:16 2014 0.000000
seconds

6、添加telnet支持

Device Drivers --->

Character devices --->

-*- Unix98 PTY support

[ ] Support
multiple instances of devpts

[*] Legacy (BSD) PTY support

(128) Maximum number of legacy PTY in use

7、内核正常启动过程

Copy linux kernel from 0x00060000 to 0x30008000, size = 0x00500000 ... done

zImage magic = 0x016f2818

Setup linux parameters at 0x30000100

linux command line is: "noinitrd root=/dev/mtdblock3 init=/linuxrc console=ttySAC0,115200"

MACH_TYPE = 1998

NOW, Booting Linux......

Booting Linux on physical CPU 0x0

Linux version 3.14.6 (lingd@ubuntu14) (gcc version 4.4.3 (ctng-1.6.1) ) #8 Sun Jun 8 19:44:34 CST 2014

CPU: ARM920T [41129200] revision 0 (ARMv4T), cr=c0007177

CPU: VIVT data cache, VIVT instruction cache

Machine: lingd mini2440 development board

Warning: Neither atags nor dtb found

Memory policy: Data cache writeback

CPU S3C2440A (id 0x32440001)

S3C24XX Clocks, Copyright 2004 Simtec Electronics

S3C244X: core 405.000 MHz, memory 101.250 MHz, peripheral 50.625 MHz

CLOCK: Slow mode (1.500 MHz), fast, MPLL on, UPLL on

Built 1 zonelists in Zone order, mobility grouping off. Total
pages: 4064

Kernel command line: noinitrd root=/dev/mtdblock3 rw init=/linuxrc console=ttySAC0,115200

PID hash table entries: 64 (order: -4, 256 bytes)

Dentry cache hash table entries: 2048 (order: 1, 8192 bytes)

Inode-cache hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 bytes)

Memory: 10756K/16384K available (3797K kernel code, 185K rwdata, 1012K rodata, 144K init, 246K bss,
5628K reserved)

Virtual kernel memory layout:

vector
:
0xffff0000 - 0xffff1000 (
4
kB)

fixmap
:
0xfff00000 - 0xfffe0000 (
896 kB)

vmalloc
: 0xc1800000 - 0xff000000 (
984 MB)

lowmem
:
0xc0000000 - 0xc1000000 (
16
MB)

modules
: 0xbf000000 - 0xc0000000 (
16
MB)

.text
: 0xc0008000 - 0xc04ba840 (4811
kB)

.init
: 0xc04bb000 - 0xc04df22c (
145 kB)

.data
: 0xc04e0000 - 0xc050e4e0 (
186 kB)

.bss
: 0xc050e4e0 - 0xc054bfd0 (
247 kB)

SLUB: HWalign=32, Order=0-3, MinObjects=0, CPUs=1, Nodes=1

NR_IRQS:103

S3C2440: IRQ Support

irq: clearing pending status 00000003

irq: clearing pending status 00000002

sched_clock: 16 bits at 1012kHz, resolution 987ns, wraps every 64725925ns

Console: colour dummy device 80x30

Calibrating delay loop... 201.52 BogoMIPS (lpj=503808)

pid_max: default: 32768 minimum: 301

Mount-cache hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 bytes)

Mountpoint-cache hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 bytes)

CPU: Testing write buffer coherency: ok

Setting up static identity map for 0x303a0f78 - 0x303a0fd0

NET: Registered protocol family 16

DMA: preallocated 256 KiB pool for atomic coherent allocations

cpuidle: using governor ladder

cpuidle: using governor menu

S3C2440: Initialising architecture

S3C244X: Clock Support, DVS off

bio: create slab at 0

usbcore: registered new interface driver usbfs

usbcore: registered new interface driver hub

usbcore: registered new device driver usb

s3c-i2c s3c2440-i2c.0: slave address 0x10

s3c-i2c s3c2440-i2c.0: bus frequency set to 98 KHz

s3c-i2c s3c2440-i2c.0: i2c-0: S3C I2C adapter

Advanced Linux Sound Architecture Driver Initialized.

Switched to clocksource samsung_clocksource_timer

NET: Registered protocol family 2

TCP established hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 bytes)

TCP bind hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 bytes)

TCP: Hash tables configured (established 1024 bind 1024)

TCP: reno registered

UDP hash table entries: 256 (order: 0, 4096 bytes)

UDP-Lite hash table entries: 256 (order: 0, 4096 bytes)

NET: Registered protocol family 1

RPC: Registered named UNIX socket transport module.

RPC: Registered udp transport module.

RPC: Registered tcp transport module.

RPC: Registered tcp NFSv4.1 backchannel transport module.

futex hash table entries: 256 (order: -1, 3072 bytes)

NFS: Registering the id_resolver key type

Key type id_resolver registered

Key type id_legacy registered

jffs2: version 2.2. (NAND) 漏 2001-2006 Red Hat, Inc.

ROMFS MTD (C) 2007 Red Hat, Inc.

msgmni has been set to 21

io scheduler noop registered

io scheduler deadline registered

io scheduler cfq registered (default)

Console: switching to colour frame buffer device 60x53

s3c2410-lcd s3c2410-lcd: fb0: s3c2410fb frame buffer device

s3c2440-uart.0: ttySAC0 at MMIO 0x50000000 (irq = 74, base_baud = 0) is a S3C2440

console [ttySAC0] enabled

s3c2440-uart.1: ttySAC1 at MMIO 0x50004000 (irq = 77, base_baud = 0) is a S3C2440

s3c2440-uart.2: ttySAC2 at MMIO 0x50008000 (irq = 80, base_baud = 0) is a S3C2440

brd: module loaded

s3c24xx-nand s3c2440-nand: Tacls=3, 29ns Twrph0=7 69ns, Twrph1=3 29ns

s3c24xx-nand s3c2440-nand: NAND soft ECC

nand: device found, Manufacturer ID: 0xec, Chip ID: 0xda

nand: Samsung NAND 256MiB 3,3V 8-bit

nand: 256MiB, SLC, page size: 2048, OOB size: 64

Scanning device for bad blocks

Bad eraseblock 1344 at 0x00000a800000

Bad eraseblock 1476 at 0x00000b880000

Creating 5 MTD partitions on "NAND":

0x000000000000-0x000000040000 : "bootloader"

0x000000040000-0x000000060000 : "param"

0x000000060000-0x000000560000 : "kernel"

0x000000560000-0x000010000000 : "root"

0x000000000000-0x000010000000 : "nand"

dm9000 dm9000: read wrong id 0x01010101

eth0: dm9000e at c18ca300,c18cc304 IRQ 55 MAC: 88:00:c0:a8:00:88 (platform data)

ohci_hcd: USB 1.1 'Open' Host Controller (OHCI) Driver

ohci-s3c2410: OHCI S3C2410 driver

s3c2410-ohci s3c2410-ohci: OHCI Host Controller

s3c2410-ohci s3c2410-ohci: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 1

s3c2410-ohci s3c2410-ohci: irq 42, io mem 0x49000000

hub 1-0:1.0: USB hub found

hub 1-0:1.0: 2 ports detected

mousedev: PS/2 mouse device common for all mice

s3c-rtc s3c2410-rtc: rtc disabled, re-enabling

s3c-rtc s3c2410-rtc: rtc core: registered s3c as rtc0

s3c-rtc s3c2410-rtc: warning: invalid RTC value so initializing it

i2c /dev entries driver

s3c2410-wdt s3c2410-wdt: watchdog inactive, reset disabled, irq disabled

sdhci: Secure Digital Host Controller Interface driver

sdhci: Copyright(c) Pierre Ossman

hidraw: raw HID events driver (C) Jiri Kosina

usbcore: registered new interface driver usbhid

usbhid: USB HID core driver

TCP: cubic registered

NET: Registered protocol family 17

Key type dns_resolver registered

s3c-rtc s3c2410-rtc: setting system clock to 2000-01-01 00:00:00 UTC (946684800)

ALSA device list:

No
soundcards found.

yaffs: dev is 32505859 name is "mtdblock3" rw

yaffs: passed flags ""

VFS: Mounted root (yaffs filesystem) on device 31:3.

Freeing unused kernel memory: 144K (c04bb000 - c04df000)

Processing /etc/init.d/rcS

mount -a

Processing /etc/rc.local

Get hostname

Starting mdev

Starting telnetd

ifconfig eth0 192.168.1.100

dm9000 dm9000 eth0: link down

**************************************************

* *

* lingd
rootfs *

* *

* arm-linux-gcc
version 4.4.3 *

* *

* 2014-05-11
*

* *

**************************************************

Please press Enter to activate this console.

转载请注明出处lingdxuyan.blog.chinaunix.net

移植最新内核linux-3.14.6到mini2440开发板

原文地址http://blog.chinaunix.net/uid-23089249-id-4293986.html