建立Java Web Project并进行JDBC操作

最近正在学习Java Web，下面是练习的一个Student数据库的小项目。（因为只是刚刚做，其中有不对的，还请谅解）

实验内容：
1、首先搭建JSP的服务器运行环境，并进行测试。

2、新建一Web项目，部署程序到服务器，启动服务器程序，运行该项目的首页面文件（index.jsp），查看其转译后的.java文件。

3、JDBC操作单个表，进行表中数据的增、删、改、查功能，利用JSP页面进行数据的查询操作和增加操作。

 

实验步骤：
前期工作：
一、软件安装与配置

1、安装JDK（根据操作系统位数，决定是安装32位还是64位） ，建立安装JDK1.7之上版本；

2、安装MyEclipse（eclipse也可以）；

3、安装数据库MySQL，注意记录密码，JAVA编程时使用；

4、配置Tomcat服务器，注意不使用系统自带服务器;

5、安装dreamweaver.（这里没用到）

建立工程
思路：三层架构（数据访问层、业务逻辑层、界面层）JDBC操作单表数据维护的实现：

1 创建数据库school及表student

2 创建三个层次的包：

cn.sdut.dao——放置数据访问层的类和接口

cn.sdut.biz——放置业务逻辑层的类和接口

cn.sdut.view——放置界面层的类和接口



3 创建cn.sdut.po包，里面放置Student.java类——JavaBean

4 各层次的程序代码：

（1）数据访问层：（cn.sdut.dao）

BaseDao.java——各种公共变量、数据库的连接和各种公共变量的关闭方法

StudentDao.java——学生表数据的增、删、改、查方法

（2）业务逻辑层：（cn.sdut.biz）

（3）界面层：（cn.sdut.view）

Main.java——测试

前端步骤级代码
1，建立名称为“student”web project 其下包括

a)  Cn.sdut.dao包

BaseDao java文件

StudentDao java 文件（继承BaseDao.java）

b)  Cn.sdut.biz包

c)  Cn.sdut.view包

Main.java（主函数）

d)  Co.sdut.po包

Student.java

 

2， 下面是每个类的代码：

a）Studen.java

package cn.sdut.po;

public classStudent {
private int id;
private Stringname;
private Stringbirthday;
private float score;

public void setBirthday(Stringbirthday) {
this.birthday = birthday;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public void setScore(float score) {
this.score = score;
}
public String getBirthday() {
return birthday;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public float getScore() {
return score;
}
public int getId() {
return id;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Student [id="+ id + ", name="+ name+ ", birthday="
+birthday+ ", score=" + score+ "]";
}
}

b) BaseDao.java

package cn.sdut.dao;

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
//import java.sql.Statement;

//import com.mysql.jdbc.Statement;

public classBaseDao {
// 1 定义数据库访问公共变量
Connectioncon;
PreparedStatement pst;
ResultSetrs;
// 2 定义数据库的链接方法
public Connection getConn() {
// 1 加载jdbc驱动

try {
Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
}catch(ClassNotFoundException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
// 2 得到数据库的链接
try {
Stringurl = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3305/school";
con = DriverManager.getConnection(url,"root","mysql");
}catch(Exception e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
return con;
}

// 3 关闭conn,pst,rs
public void closeAll() {
try {
if (rs !=null) {
rs.close();
}
if (pst !=null) {
pst.close();
}
if (con !=null) {
con.close();
}
}catch(SQLException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}

c)StudenDao.java

packagecn.sdut.dao;

importjava.sql.ResultSet;
importjava.sql.SQLException;
importjava.sql.Statement;
importjava.util.ArrayList;
importjava.util.List;

importcn.sdut.po.Student;

publicclass StudentDao extends BaseDao {
//建立student表
public boolean creat() {
boolean result = false;

try {
con = getConn();
String sql = "create tablestudent(id int primary key auto_increment,name varchar(20) not null,birthdaydate ,score float(1));";
pst= con.prepareStatement(sql);
result = pst.execute();
} catch (SQLException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
return result;
}
// 增
public int add(Student stu) {
int result = 0;
try {
con = getConn();
String sql = "insert intostudent(name,birthday,score,id) values(?,?,?,?)";
pst = con.prepareStatement(sql);
pst.setString(1, stu.getName());
pst.setString(2, stu.getBirthday());
pst.setFloat(3, stu.getScore());
pst.setInt(4, stu.getId());
result = pst.executeUpdate();// 可执行DML类型（insert,updata,delete），返回更新所影响的行数
} catch (SQLException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
closeAll();
}
return result;
}

// 删
public int del(int id) {
int result = 0;

try {
con = getConn();
String sql = "delete from studentwhere id=?";
pst = con.prepareStatement(sql);
pst.setInt(1, id);
result = pst.executeUpdate();
} catch (SQLException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
return result;
}

// 改
public int updata(Student stu) {
int result = 0;

try {
con = getConn();
String sql = "update student setname=? ,birthday=?,score=? whereid=?";
pst = con.prepareStatement(sql);
pst.setString(1, stu.getName());
pst.setString(2, stu.getBirthday());
pst.setFloat(3, stu.getScore());
pst.setInt(4, stu.getId());
result = pst.executeUpdate();
} catch (SQLException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
closeAll();
}
return result;
}

// 查
public List<Student> queryAll() {
List<Student> students = newArrayList<Student>();

try {
con = getConn();
String sql = "select * fromstudent";

pst = con.prepareStatement(sql);
ResultSet rs = pst.executeQuery();
while (rs.next()) {
Student stu = new Student();
stu.setId(rs.getInt(1));
stu.setName(rs.getString(2));
stu.setBirthday(rs.getString(3));
stu.setScore(rs.getFloat(4));
students.add(stu);
}
} catch (SQLException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
closeAll();
}
return students;

}

}
d)Main.javapackagecn.sdut.view;

//import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;

import cn.sdut.dao.StudentDao;
import cn.sdut.po.Student;

public class Main {
publicstatic void main(String[] args) {
StudentDaostudentDao = new StudentDao();
Studentstudent = new Student();
studentDao.creat();
/*student.setId(2);
student.setName("xueba");
student.setBirthday("1995-1-1");
student.setScore(77);
studentDao.add(student);*/
student.setId(1);
student.setName("66");
student.setBirthday("1999-1-1");
student.setScore(88);

//studentDao.add(student);

//studentDao.del(4);

studentDao.updata(student);
List<Student>students = studentDao.queryAll();

for(Student stu:students){System.out.println(stu); }

/*for(Iterator<Student> stu = students.iterator(); stu.hasNext();) {
System.out.println(stu);
}*/
}
}

3，启动TomCat服务器



4，执行Main函数得到：



说明测试成功。

前端代码及其步骤：
不要忘记将mysql-connector-java-bin.jar放到bin目录下

建立增删改的各个jsp文件及其操作jsp文件



jsp文件如下：

 1）index.jsp

<%@pageimport="cn.sdut.po.Student"%>
<%@pageimport="cn.sdut.dao.StudentDao"%>
<%@ page language="java"import="java.util.*"pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<%
Stringpath = request.getContextPath();
StringbasePath = request.getScheme() + "://"
+request.getServerName() + ":" + request.getServerPort()
+path + "/";
%>
<%
StudentDaost=newStudentDao();
List<Student>stuList = st.queryAll();
%>
<!DOCTYPEHTMLPUBLIC "-//W3C//DTDHTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<basehref="<%=basePath%>">

<title>My JSP'index.jsp' starting page</title>
<metahttp-equiv="pragma"content="no-cache">
<metahttp-equiv="cache-control"content="no-cache">
<metahttp-equiv="expires"content="0">
<metahttp-equiv="keywords"content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<metahttp-equiv="description"content="This is my page">
<!--
<linkrel="stylesheet" type="text/css"href="styles.css">
-->
</head>

<body>
<tableborder="1">
<tr>
<thwidth="50">序号</th>
<thwidth="50">姓名</th>
<thwidth="100">出生年月</th>
<thwidth="50">成绩</th>
</tr>
<%
for (Student stu : stuList){
out.print("<tr>");
out.print("<td>");
out.print(stu.getId());
out.print("</td>");

out.print("<td>");
out.print(stu.getName());
out.print("</td>");

out.print("<td>");
out.print(stu.getBirthday());
out.print("</td>");
out.print("<td>");
out.print(stu.getScore());
out.print("</td>");
out.print("</tr>");
}
%>
</table>
<ul>
<li><ahref="addStudent.jsp">增加学生</a></li>
<li><ahref="delStudent.jsp">删除学生</a></li>
<li><ahref="updateStudent.jsp">更新信息</a></li>
</body>
</html>

2增加学生

    a)addStudent.jsp

<%@ page language="java"import="java.util.*"
contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPEhtmlPUBLIC "-//W3C//DTDHTML 4.01 Transitional//EN""http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<metahttp-equiv="Content-Type"content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>增加学生</title>
</head>
<body>
<formaction="doAdd.jsp"method="post">
<table>
<caption>增加学生</caption>
<tr>
<td>姓名：</td>
<td><inputtype="text"name="name"/></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>出生年月：</td>
<td><inputtype="text"name="birthday"/></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>成绩:</td>
<td><inputtype="text"name="score"/></td>
</tr>
<tralign="center">
<tdcolspan="2"><inputtype="submit"value="确定"/><input
type="reset"value="取消"/></td>
</tr>
</table>
</form>
</body>
</html>

 b）doStuden.jsp

<%@ page language="java"contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@pageimport="cn.sdut.dao.StudentDao"%>
<%@pageimport="cn.sdut.po.Student"%>
<!DOCTYPEhtmlPUBLIC "-//W3C//DTDHTML 4.01 Transitional//EN""http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<metahttp-equiv="Content-Type"content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert titlehere</title>
</head>
<body>
<%
//1 接受客户端传来的数据并封装成Student类的对象

request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
String name = request.getParameter("name");
String birthday = request.getParameter("birthday");
String score1 = request.getParameter("score");
float score = Float.parseFloat(score1);
Student student = new Student();
student.setName(name);
student.setBirthday(birthday);
student.setScore(score);

//2 调用StudentDao的add方法,向数据库表中增加记录
StudentDao studentDao = new StudentDao();
studentDao.add(student);

//3 转向index.jsp,展示最新的表中的数据
response.sendRedirect("index.jsp");
%>
</body>
</html>

5，打开浏览器输入如下：



点击“增加学生”



点击“确认”



3删除学生

a)  delStuden.jsp代码

<%@ page language="java"import="java.util.*"pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
Stringpath = request.getContextPath();
StringbasePath = request.getScheme() + "://"
+request.getServerName() + ":" + request.getServerPort()
+path + "/";
%>

<!DOCTYPEHTMLPUBLIC "-//W3C//DTDHTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<basehref="<%=basePath%>">

<title>My JSP 'delStudent.jsp'starting page</title>

<metahttp-equiv="pragma"content="no-cache">
<metahttp-equiv="cache-control"content="no-cache">
<metahttp-equiv="expires"content="0">
<metahttp-equiv="keywords"content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<metahttp-equiv="description"content="This is my page">
<!--
<linkrel="stylesheet" type="text/css"href="styles.css">
-->

</head>

<body>
<formaction="doDel.jsp"method="post">
<table>
<caption>删除学生</caption>
<tr>
<td>序号：</td>
<td><inputtype="text"name="id"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<tdalign="center"colspan="2"><inputtype="submit"value="确认"><input
type="reset"value="取消"></td>
</tr>
</table>
</form>
</body>
</html>


b)  doDel.jsp代码

<%@ page language="java"import="java.util.*"pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@pageimport="cn.sdut.dao.StudentDao" %>
<%
String path =request.getContextPath();
String basePath =request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>

<!DOCTYPEHTMLPUBLIC "-//W3C//DTDHTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<basehref="<%=basePath%>">

<title>My JSP 'doDel.jsp' starting page</title>

<metahttp-equiv="pragma"content="no-cache">
<metahttp-equiv="cache-control"content="no-cache">
<metahttp-equiv="expires"content="0">
<metahttp-equiv="keywords"content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<metahttp-equiv="description"content="This is my page">
<!--
<linkrel="stylesheet" type="text/css"href="styles.css">
-->

</head>

<body>
<%
request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
String ids=request.getParameter("id");
int id = Integer.parseInt(ids);
StudentDao stuDao=new StudentDao();
stuDao.del(id);
response.sendRedirect("index.jsp");
%>
</body>
</html>

 

点击“删除学生”



点击“确认”后



4更改信息

a） updateStudent.jsp代码

<%@ page language="java"import="java.util.*"pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
Stringpath = request.getContextPath();
StringbasePath = request.getScheme() + "://"
+request.getServerName() + ":" + request.getServerPort()
+path + "/";
%>

<!DOCTYPEHTMLPUBLIC "-//W3C//DTDHTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<basehref="<%=basePath%>">

<title>My JSP'updateStudent.jsp' starting page</title>

<metahttp-equiv="pragma"content="no-cache">
<metahttp-equiv="cache-control"content="no-cache">
<metahttp-equiv="expires"content="0">
<metahttp-equiv="keywords"content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<metahttp-equiv="description"content="This is my page">
<!--
<linkrel="stylesheet" type="text/css"href="styles.css">
-->

</head>

<body>
<formaction="doUpdate.jsp"method="post">
<table>
<caption>更新信息</caption>
<tr>
<td>序号：</td>
<td><inputtype="text"name="id"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>姓名：</td>
<td><inputtype="text"name="name"></td>
<tr>
<td>出生年月：</td>
<td><inputtype="text"name="birthday"></td>
<tr>
<td>分数：</td>
<td><inputtype="text"name="score"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<tdalign="center"colspan="2"><inputtype="submit"value="确定"><input
type="reset"value="取消"></td>
</table>
</form>
</body>
</html>

c)  doUpdate.jsp代码

<%@ page language="java"import="java.util.*"pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ page import="cn.sdut.dao.StudentDao"%>
<%@ page import="cn.sdut.po.Student"%>
<%
String path =request.getContextPath();
String basePath =request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>

<!DOCTYPEHTMLPUBLIC "-//W3C//DTDHTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<basehref="<%=basePath%>">

<title>My JSP 'doUpdate.jsp' starting page</title>

<metahttp-equiv="pragma"content="no-cache">
<metahttp-equiv="cache-control"content="no-cache">
<metahttp-equiv="expires"content="0">
<metahttp-equiv="keywords"content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<metahttp-equiv="description"content="This is my page">
<!--
<linkrel="stylesheet" type="text/css"href="styles.css">
-->

</head>

<body>
<%
request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
String ids=request.getParameter("id");
String name=request.getParameter("name");
Stringbirthday=request.getParameter("birthday");
String sco=request.getParameter("score");
int id=Integer.parseInt(ids);
float score=Float.parseFloat(sco);

Student stu=new Student();
stu.setId(id);
stu.setName(name);
stu.setBirthday(birthday);
stu.setScore(score);

StudentDao stuDao =new StudentDao();
stuDao.updata(stu);

response.sendRedirect("index.jsp");
%>
</body>
</html>

选择“更新信息”



点击“确认”



这样，一个简单的java web项目就完成了。