Android Composite(Dialog)详解

目录：

    1.Dialog概述

    2.Dialog中的重要角色

    3.常见几种类型的Dialog简单使用

        3.1 提示型Dialog实现

        3.2 List型Dialog实现

        3.3 单选型Dialog实现

        3.4 多选型Dialog实现

        3.5 自定义Dialog

    

1.Dialog概述

    Dialog就是一个对用户操作进行反馈的弹框，通常在弹框中进行一些简单的提示或者简单选择。

    

2.Dialog中的重要角色

    2.1 AlertDialog类：

        AlertDialog即我们使用的窗口类，可以通过AlertDialog类的相关方法设置Dialog的属性以及显示，通常我们通过他的内部

    类Builder来构建他的实例，主要原因在于它的构造方法都是受保护的。

       

    2.2 AlertDialog.Builder类：

        AlertDialog.Builder即AlertDialog内的类，通过它来实例化Dialog，同时也可以通过他来设置AlertDialog的属性资源和

    Dialog的显示

    

3.常见几种类型的Dialog简单使用

    3.1 MainActivity.java

package com.example.dialog;

import android.content.DialogInterface;
import android.support.v7.app.AlertDialog;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.Toast;

import java.util.ArrayList;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener {
private Button simpleButton,listButton,singleButton,multiButton,customButton;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
//初始化控件
simpleButton = (Button) findViewById(R.id.info_dg);
listButton = (Button) findViewById(R.id.list_dg);
singleButton = (Button) findViewById(R.id.single_dg);
multiButton = (Button) findViewById(R.id.multi_dg);
customButton = (Button) findViewById(R.id.custom_dg);
//设置监听器
simpleButton.setOnClickListener(this);
listButton.setOnClickListener(this);
singleButton.setOnClickListener(this);
multiButton.setOnClickListener(this);
customButton.setOnClickListener(this);

}
/*
* 弹出单选型的弹框
* */
public void showMultiDialog(){
//声明并初始化数据
final CharSequence[] items = {"篮球","足球","游泳","唱歌"};
final StringBuilder checkedStr = new StringBuilder();

//声明并初始化AlertDialog.Builder
AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(this);
//设置AlertDialog标题
builder.setTitle("多选弹框标题");
//设置图标
builder.setIcon(R.drawable.a12);
//设置数据
builder.setMultiChoiceItems(items, null, new DialogInterface.OnMultiChoiceClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which, boolean isChecked) {
if (isChecked){
checkedStr.append(items[which].toString());
}
}
});
builder.setPositiveButton("确认", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,checkedStr,Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
});
//展示弹框
builder.show();
}
/*
* 弹出单选型的弹框
* */
public void showSingleDialog(){
//声明并初始化数据
final CharSequence[] items = {"男","女","不男不女"};

//声明并初始化AlertDialog.Builder
AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(this);
//设置AlertDialog标题
builder.setTitle("单选弹框标题");
//设置图标
builder.setIcon(R.drawable.a12);
//设置数据
builder.setSingleChoiceItems(items,1, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
String selectItem = items[which].toString();
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,selectItem,Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

}
});
builder.setPositiveButton("确认", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,"确认",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
});
//展示弹框
builder.show();
}
/*
* 弹出list型的弹框
* */
public void showListDialog(){
//声明并初始化数据
final CharSequence[] items = new CharSequence[5];
for (int i =0;i<5;i++){
items[i] ="数据"+i;
}
//声明并初始化AlertDialog.Builder
AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(this);
//设置AlertDialog标题
builder.setTitle("List型弹框标题");
//设置图标
builder.setIcon(R.drawable.a12);
//设置数据并实现点击监听
builder.setItems(items, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
//获取选中项文本
String selectItem = items[which].toString();
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,selectItem,Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
});
builder.show();
}
/*
* 弹出简单的弹框
* */
public void showSimpleDialog(){
//声明并初始化AlertDialog.Builder
AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(this);
//设置AlertDialog标题
builder.setTitle("普通弹框标题");
//设置图标
builder.setIcon(R.drawable.a12);
//设置提示信息
builder.setMessage("普通弹框提示信息...");

//设置确认按钮
builder.setPositiveButton("确认", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,"确认",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
});
//设置普通按钮
builder.setNeutralButton("快点我", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,"我就知道你要点我",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
});
//设置取消按钮
builder.setNegativeButton("取消", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,"取消",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
});
builder.show();
}
/*
* 弹出自定义的弹框
* */
public void showCustomDialog(){
final EditText userName,passWord;

//声明并初始化布局加载器
//LayoutInflater Inflater =getLayoutInflater();
LayoutInflater inflater = (LayoutInflater) getSystemService(LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE);
//加载自定义布局
View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.custom_dialog,null);
//初始化布局控件
userName = (EditText) view.findViewById(R.id.username_et);
passWord = (EditText) view.findViewById(R.id.pas_et);
//声明并初始化AlertDialog.Builder
AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(this);
//设置布局
builder.setView(view);
//设置登录按钮
builder.setPositiveButton("登陆", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
String nameStr = userName.getText().toString();
String passStr = passWord.getText().toString();
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,"用户名："+nameStr+",密码:"+passStr,Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
});
//设置取消按钮
builder.setNegativeButton("取消", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,"取消登录",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
});
builder.show();

}
/*
* 继承实现监听响应
* */
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
switch (v.getId()){
case R.id.info_dg:
showSimpleDialog();
break;
case R.id.list_dg:
showListDialog();
break;
case R.id.single_dg:
showSingleDialog();
break;
case R.id.multi_dg:
showMultiDialog();
break;
case R.id.custom_dg:
showCustomDialog();
break;
}
}
}

      

    3.2 主布局activity_main.xml

    

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
tools:context="com.example.dialog.MainActivity">

<Button
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="提示型Dialog"
android:id="@+id/info_dg"
android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
android:layout_alignParentStart="true" />

<Button
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="List型Dialog"
android:id="@+id/list_dg"
android:layout_alignTop="@+id/info_dg"
android:layout_toRightOf="@+id/info_dg"
android:layout_toEndOf="@+id/info_dg" />

<Button
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="单选型Dialog"
android:id="@+id/single_dg"
android:layout_alignTop="@+id/list_dg"
android:layout_toRightOf="@+id/list_dg"
android:layout_toEndOf="@+id/list_dg" />

<Button
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="多选型Dialog"
android:id="@+id/multi_dg"
android:layout_below="@+id/info_dg"
android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
android:layout_alignParentStart="true" />

<Button
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="自定义Dialog"
android:id="@+id/custom_dg"
android:layout_alignTop="@+id/multi_dg"
android:layout_toRightOf="@+id/multi_dg"
android:layout_toEndOf="@+id/multi_dg" />
</RelativeLayout>

  

    3.3 自定义布局custom_dialog.xml

 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:padding="16dp"
android:background="@color/colorAccent"
android:weightSum="1">

<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceLarge"
android:text="登陆"
android:id="@+id/title_login"
android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"
android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
android:layout_centerHorizontal="true" />

<RelativeLayout
android:layout_marginTop="10dp"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_below="@+id/title_login"
android:layout_alignParentRight="true"
android:layout_alignParentEnd="true">

<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceLarge"
android:text="用户名："
android:id="@+id/username"
android:layout_alignBaseline="@+id/username_et"
android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
android:layout_alignParentStart="true" />

<EditText
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:inputType="textPersonName"
android:hint="请输入用户名"
android:ems="10"
android:id="@+id/username_et"
android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
android:layout_toRightOf="@+id/username"
android:layout_alignParentRight="true"
android:layout_alignParentEnd="true" />

<EditText
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:inputType="textPassword"
android:ems="10"
android:id="@+id/pas_et"
android:hint="请输入密码"
android:layout_below="@+id/username_et"
android:layout_alignLeft="@+id/username_et"
android:layout_alignStart="@+id/username_et"
android:layout_alignParentRight="true"
android:layout_alignParentEnd="true" />

<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceLarge"
android:text="密码："
android:id="@+id/password"
android:layout_alignBaseline="@+id/pas_et"
android:layout_alignTop="@+id/pas_et"
android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
android:layout_alignParentStart="true" />
</RelativeLayout>

</RelativeLayout>

   

      

    3.4 效果截图(依次为：简单dialog,List型Dialog实现,单选型Dialog,多选型Dialog,自定义Dialog)

       
  

 




  

 



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