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2016-07-20 08:53 323 查看
java 实现WebService 以及不同的调用方式

webservice:

    就是应用程序之间跨语言的调用

    wwww.webxml.com.cn

    1.xml

    2.    wsdl: webservice description language web服务描述语言

        通过xml格式说明调用的地址方法如何调用,可以看错webservice的说明书

   

    3.soap simple object access protoacl (简单对象访问协议)

        限定了xml的格式

        soap 在http(因为有请求体,所以必须是post请求)的基础上传输xml数据

            请求和响应的xml 的格式如:    <Envelop>

                                <body>

                                //....

                                </body>

                            </Envelop>

                operation name:服务提供的方法

               

       

    静态方法不能发布为外部服务

   

    运用jkd自带的代码生成访问服务器的客户端代码    E:/wsimort -s . http://test.cm/?wsdl
   

    我们可以把webservice看做是web服务器上的一个应用,web服务器是webservice的一个容器

   

    函数的参数在 http://test.cm/?xsd=1
   

    JAX-WS是指 java api for xml -WebService

   

    //测试 WebService服务的 explorer

    Web Service Explorer 可以显示返回的xml格式

   

    targetNamespace 默认为倒置的包名

   

客户端调用WebService的方式:

    1.通过wximport生成代码

    2.通过客户端编程方式

    3.通过ajax调用方式

    4.通过 URL Connection 方式调用

请求过程分析:

        1.使用get方式获取wsdl文件,称为握手

        2.使用post发出请求

        3.服务器响应成功过

   

几种监听工具:

    http watch

    Web Service explorer

    eclipse 自带工具   TCP/IP Monitor

    服务端代码:

package com.webservcie;

import javax.jws.WebMethod;

import javax.jws.WebParam;

import javax.jws.WebResult;

import javax.jws.WebService;

import javax.xml.ws.Endpoint;

/**

 * WebService

 * 将 Java 类标记为实现 Web Service,或者将 Java 接口标记为定义 Web Service 接口

 */

@WebService(serviceName="MyService",targetNamespace="http://www.baidu.com")

public class HelloService {

   

    @WebMethod(operationName="AliassayHello")

    @WebResult(name="myReturn")

    public String sayHello(@WebParam(name="name") String name){

        return  "hello: " + name;

    }

   

    public String sayGoodbye(String name){

   

        return  "goodbye: " + name;

    }

   

    @WebMethod(exclude=true)//当前方法不被发布出去

    public String sayHello2(String name){

        return "hello " + name;

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        /**

         * 参数1:服务的发布地址

         * 参数2:服务的实现者

         *  Endpoint  会重新启动一个线程

         */

        Endpoint.publish("http://test.cm/", new HelloService());

        System.out.println("Server ready...");

    }

}

1.客户端调用(wximport自动生成代码 【推荐】)

package com.wsclient;

public class App {

    /**

     * 通过wsimport 解析wsdl生成客户端代码调用WebService服务

     *

     * @param args

     *

     */

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        // TODO Auto-generated method stub

       

        /**

         * <service name="MyService">

         * 获得服务名称

         */

        MyService mywebService = new MyService();

       

        /**

         * <port name="HelloServicePort" binding="tns:HelloServicePortBinding">

         */

        HelloService hs = mywebService.getHelloServicePort();

       

        /**

         * 调用方法

         */

        System.out.println(hs.sayGoodbye("sjk"));

       

        System.out.println(hs.aliassayHello("sjk"));

       

       

       

    }

}

 2.通过ajax+js+xml调用

<html>

    <head>

        <title>通过ajax调用WebService服务</title>

        <script>

           

            var xhr = new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP");

            function sendMsg(){

                var name = document.getElementById('name').value;

                //服务的地址

                var wsUrl = 'http://192.168.1.100:6789/hello';

               

                //请求体

                var soap = '<soapenv:Envelope xmlns:soapenv="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" xmlns:q0="http://ws.itcast.cn/" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">' +

                                     ' <soapenv:Body> <q0:sayHello><arg0>'+name+'</arg0>  </q0:sayHello> </soapenv:Body> </soapenv:Envelope>';

                                    

                //打开连接

                xhr.open('POST',wsUrl,true);

               

                //重新设置请求头

                xhr.setRequestHeader("Content-Type","text/xml;charset=UTF-8");

               

                //设置回调函数

                xhr.onreadystatechange = _back;

               

                //发送请求

                xhr.send(soap);

            }

           

            function _back(){

                if(xhr.readyState == 4){

                    if(xhr.status == 200){

                            //alert('调用Webservice成功了');

                            var ret = xhr.responseXML;

                            var msg = ret.getElementsByTagName('return')[0];

                            document.getElementById('showInfo').innerHTML = msg.text;

                            //alert(msg.text);

                        }

                }

            }

        </script>

    </head>

    <body>

            <input type="button" value="发送SOAP请求" onclick="sendMsg();">

            <input type="text" id="name">

            <div id="showInfo">

            </div>

    </body>

</html>

 

3.URL Connection方式

import java.io.InputStream;

import java.i
4000
o.OutputStream;

import java.net.HttpURLConnection;

import java.net.URL;

/**

 * 通过UrlConnection调用Webservice服务

 *

 */

public class App {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

        //服务的地址

        URL wsUrl = new URL("http://192.168.1.100:6789/hello");

       

        HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) wsUrl.openConnection();

       

        conn.setDoInput(true);

        conn.setDoOutput(true);

        conn.setRequestMethod("POST");

        conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "text/xml;charset=UTF-8");

       

        OutputStream os = conn.getOutputStream();

       

        //请求体

        String soap = "<soapenv:Envelope xmlns:soapenv=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/\" xmlns:q0=\"http://ws.itcast.cn/\" xmlns:xsd=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema\" xmlns:xsi=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance\">" +

                      "<soapenv:Body> <q0:sayHello><arg0>aaa</arg0>  </q0:sayHello> </soapenv:Body> </soapenv:Envelope>";

       

        os.write(soap.getBytes());

       

        InputStream is = conn.getInputStream();

       

        byte[] b = new byte[1024];

        int len = 0;

        String s = "";

        while((len = is.read(b)) != -1){

            String ss = new String(b,0,len,"UTF-8");

            s += ss;

        }

        System.out.println(s);

       

        is.close();

        os.close();

        conn.disconnect();

    }

}

 

4.客户单编程方式(和第一种方式一样)

//文件名:HelloService.java

import javax.jws.WebMethod;

import javax.jws.WebParam;

import javax.jws.WebResult;

import javax.jws.WebService;

import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlSeeAlso;

import javax.xml.ws.RequestWrapper;

import javax.xml.ws.ResponseWrapper;

/**

 * This class was generated by the JAX-WS RI.

 * JAX-WS RI 2.1.6 in JDK 6

 * Generated source version: 2.1

 *

 */

@WebService(name = "HelloService", targetNamespace = "http://ws.itcast.cn/")

@XmlSeeAlso({

   

})

public interface HelloService {

    /**

     *

     * @param arg0

     * @return

     *     returns java.lang.String

     */

    @WebMethod

    @WebResult(targetNamespace = "")

    @RequestWrapper(localName = "sayHello", targetNamespace = "http://ws.itcast.cn/", className = "cn.itcast.ws.client.SayHello")

    @ResponseWrapper(localName = "sayHelloResponse", targetNamespace = "http://ws.itcast.cn/", className = "cn.itcast.ws.client.SayHelloResponse")

    public String sayHello(

        @WebParam(name = "arg0", targetNamespace = "")

        String arg0);

}

import java.net.MalformedURLException;

import java.net.URL;

import javax.xml.namespace.QName;

import javax.xml.ws.Service;

import cn.itcast.ws.wsimport.HelloService;

/**

 * 通过客户端编程的方式调用Webservice服务

 *

 */

public class App {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

        URL wsdlUrl = new URL("http://192.168.1.100:6789/hello?wsdl");

        Service s = Service.create(wsdlUrl, new QName("http://ws.itcast.cn/","HelloServiceService"));

        HelloService hs = s.getPort(new QName("http://ws.itcast.cn/","HelloServicePort"), HelloService.class);

        String ret = hs.sayHello("zhangsan");

        System.out.println(ret);

    }

}
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