OpenGL使用glColorMaterial设置材质
2016-07-13 14:00
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一句话glColorMaterial的作用是用来在绘图的过程中实时的设置材质。通常情况下设置一个物体的材质需要以下这么5个属性需要设置。
glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT, GL_AMBIENT, no_mat);
glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT, GL_DIFFUSE, mat_diffuse);
glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT, GL_SPECULAR, no_mat);
glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT, GL_SHININESS, no_shininess);
glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT, GL_EMISSION, no_mat);
除了采用glMaterialfv()设置材质外,还可以使用glColorMaterial()设置材质属性。
void glColorMaterial(GLenum face,GLenum mode)来实现。
face的取值: GL_FRONT GL_BACK GL_FRONT_AND_BACK
mode的取值: GL_AMBIENT GL_DIFFUSE GL_AMBIENT_AND_DIFFUSE GL_SPECULAR GL_EMISSION
在想要使用这个函数时,要启用glEnable(GL_COLOR_MATERIAL)来是函数工作。
在绘图时使用glColor*()来实时改变材质颜色,或用glMaterial()来实时改变材质成分
使用完毕,要用glDisable(GL_COLOR_MATERIAL)来关闭这种材质模式。
例如:
glColorMaterial(GL_FRONT,GL_DIFFUSE);
glEnable(GL_COLOR_MATERIAL);
glColor3f(0.3,0.5,0.7);
//画一些物体:
...
glColor3f(0.0,1.0,0.0);
//再画另一些物体:
...
glDisable(GL_COLOR_MATERIAL);
说明:
当需要改变场景中大部分方面的单个材质时,最好调用glColorMaterial()
当修改不只一个材质参数,最好调用glMaterial*(),这是目前我体会到唯一的使用功能上的不同点吧。
void glColorMaterial(GLenum face, GLenum mode);
Causes the material property (or properties) specified bymode of
the specified material face (or faces) specified by face to
track the value of the current color at all times. A change to the current color (using glColor*()) immediately updates the specified material properties. The face parameter can be GL_FRONT, GL_BACK, or GL_FRONT_AND_BACK
(the default). The mode parameter can be GL_AMBIENT, GL_DIFFUSE, GL_AMBIENT_AND_DIFFUSE (the default), GL_SPECULAR, or GL_EMISSION. At any given time, only one mode is active. glColorMaterial() has no effect on color-index lighting.
After calling glColorMaterial(), you need to call glEnable() with GL_COLOR_MATERIAL as the parameter. Then, you can change the current color using glColor*() (or other material properties, using glMaterial*())
as needed as you draw:
glEnable(GL_COLOR_MATERIAL);
glColorMaterial(GL_FRONT, GL_DIFFUSE);
/* now glColor* changes diffuse reflection */
glColor3f(0.2, 0.5, 0.8);
/* draw some objects here */
glColorMaterial(GL_FRONT, GL_SPECULAR);
/* glColor* no longer changes diffuse reflection */
/* now glColor* changes specular reflection */
glColor3f(0.9, 0.0, 0.2);
/* draw other objects here */
glDisable(GL_COLOR_MATERIAL);
You should use glColorMaterial() whenever you need to change a single material parameter for most vertices in your scene. If you need to change more than one material parameter, as was the case for "Plate
16" in Appendix I, useglMaterial*(). When you don't need the capabilities of glColorMaterial()anymore, be sure to disable it so that you don't get undesired material properties and don't incur the performance cost associated
with it.
例:采用鼠标的左中右键实时设置物体材质的颜色
/* an interactive program that uses glColorMaterial() to change material parameters. Pressing each of the three mouse buttons changes the color of the diffuse reflection. */
#include <GL/glut.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
GLfloat diffuseMaterial[4] = { 0.5, 0.5, 0.5, 1.0 };
void init(void)
{
GLfloat mat_specular[] = { 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0 };
GLfloat light_position[] = { 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 0.0 };
glClearColor (0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0);
glShadeModel (GL_SMOOTH);
glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);
glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT, GL_DIFFUSE, diffuseMaterial);
glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT, GL_SPECULAR, mat_specular);
glMaterialf(GL_FRONT, GL_SHININESS, 25.0);
glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_POSITION, light_position);
glEnable(GL_LIGHTING);
glEnable(GL_LIGHT0);
glColorMaterial(GL_FRONT, GL_DIFFUSE);
glEnable(GL_COLOR_MATERIAL);
}
void display(void)
{
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
glutSolidSphere(1.0, 20, 16);
glFlush ();
}
void reshape (int w, int h)
{
glViewport (0, 0, (GLsizei) w, (GLsizei) h);
glMatrixMode (GL_PROJECTION);
glLoadIdentity();
if (w <= h)
glOrtho (-1.5, 1.5, -1.5*(GLfloat)h/(GLfloat)w,
1.5*(GLfloat)h/(GLfloat)w, -10.0, 10.0);
else
glOrtho (-1.5*(GLfloat)w/(GLfloat)h,
1.5*(GLfloat)w/(GLfloat)h, -1.5, 1.5, -10.0, 10.0);
glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);
glLoadIdentity();
}
void mouse(int button, int state, int x, int y)
{
switch (button) {
case GLUT_LEFT_BUTTON:
if (state == GLUT_DOWN) {
diffuseMaterial[0] += 0.1;
if (diffuseMaterial[0] > 1.0)
diffuseMaterial[0] = 0.0;
glColor4fv(diffuseMaterial);
glutPostRedisplay();
}
break;
case GLUT_MIDDLE_BUTTON:
if (state == GLUT_DOWN) {
diffuseMaterial[1] += 0.1;
if (diffuseMaterial[1] > 1.0)
diffuseMaterial[1] = 0.0;
glColor4fv(diffuseMaterial);
glutPostRedisplay();
}
break;
case GLUT_RIGHT_BUTTON:
if (state == GLUT_DOWN) {
diffuseMaterial[2] += 0.1;
if (diffuseMaterial[2] > 1.0)
diffuseMaterial[2] = 0.0;
glColor4fv(diffuseMaterial);
glutPostRedisplay();
}
break;
default:
break;
}
}
void keyboard(unsigned char key, int x, int y)
{
switch (key) {
case 27:
exit(0);
break;
}
}
int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
glutInit(&argc, argv);
glutInitDisplayMode (GLUT_SINGLE | GLUT_RGB | GLUT_DEPTH);
glutInitWindowSize (500, 500);
glutInitWindowPosition (100, 100);
glutCreateWindow (argv[0]);
init ();
glutDisplayFunc(display);
glutReshapeFunc(reshape);
glutMouseFunc(mouse);
glutKeyboardFunc(keyboard);
glutMainLoop();
return 0;
}
glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT, GL_AMBIENT, no_mat);
glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT, GL_DIFFUSE, mat_diffuse);
glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT, GL_SPECULAR, no_mat);
glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT, GL_SHININESS, no_shininess);
glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT, GL_EMISSION, no_mat);
除了采用glMaterialfv()设置材质外,还可以使用glColorMaterial()设置材质属性。
void glColorMaterial(GLenum face,GLenum mode)来实现。
face的取值: GL_FRONT GL_BACK GL_FRONT_AND_BACK
mode的取值: GL_AMBIENT GL_DIFFUSE GL_AMBIENT_AND_DIFFUSE GL_SPECULAR GL_EMISSION
在想要使用这个函数时,要启用glEnable(GL_COLOR_MATERIAL)来是函数工作。
在绘图时使用glColor*()来实时改变材质颜色,或用glMaterial()来实时改变材质成分
使用完毕,要用glDisable(GL_COLOR_MATERIAL)来关闭这种材质模式。
例如:
glColorMaterial(GL_FRONT,GL_DIFFUSE);
glEnable(GL_COLOR_MATERIAL);
glColor3f(0.3,0.5,0.7);
//画一些物体:
...
glColor3f(0.0,1.0,0.0);
//再画另一些物体:
...
glDisable(GL_COLOR_MATERIAL);
说明:
当需要改变场景中大部分方面的单个材质时,最好调用glColorMaterial()
当修改不只一个材质参数,最好调用glMaterial*(),这是目前我体会到唯一的使用功能上的不同点吧。
void glColorMaterial(GLenum face, GLenum mode);
Causes the material property (or properties) specified bymode of
the specified material face (or faces) specified by face to
track the value of the current color at all times. A change to the current color (using glColor*()) immediately updates the specified material properties. The face parameter can be GL_FRONT, GL_BACK, or GL_FRONT_AND_BACK
(the default). The mode parameter can be GL_AMBIENT, GL_DIFFUSE, GL_AMBIENT_AND_DIFFUSE (the default), GL_SPECULAR, or GL_EMISSION. At any given time, only one mode is active. glColorMaterial() has no effect on color-index lighting.
After calling glColorMaterial(), you need to call glEnable() with GL_COLOR_MATERIAL as the parameter. Then, you can change the current color using glColor*() (or other material properties, using glMaterial*())
as needed as you draw:
glEnable(GL_COLOR_MATERIAL);
glColorMaterial(GL_FRONT, GL_DIFFUSE);
/* now glColor* changes diffuse reflection */
glColor3f(0.2, 0.5, 0.8);
/* draw some objects here */
glColorMaterial(GL_FRONT, GL_SPECULAR);
/* glColor* no longer changes diffuse reflection */
/* now glColor* changes specular reflection */
glColor3f(0.9, 0.0, 0.2);
/* draw other objects here */
glDisable(GL_COLOR_MATERIAL);
You should use glColorMaterial() whenever you need to change a single material parameter for most vertices in your scene. If you need to change more than one material parameter, as was the case for "Plate
16" in Appendix I, useglMaterial*(). When you don't need the capabilities of glColorMaterial()anymore, be sure to disable it so that you don't get undesired material properties and don't incur the performance cost associated
with it.
例:采用鼠标的左中右键实时设置物体材质的颜色
/* an interactive program that uses glColorMaterial() to change material parameters. Pressing each of the three mouse buttons changes the color of the diffuse reflection. */
#include <GL/glut.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
GLfloat diffuseMaterial[4] = { 0.5, 0.5, 0.5, 1.0 };
void init(void)
{
GLfloat mat_specular[] = { 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0 };
GLfloat light_position[] = { 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 0.0 };
glClearColor (0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0);
glShadeModel (GL_SMOOTH);
glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);
glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT, GL_DIFFUSE, diffuseMaterial);
glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT, GL_SPECULAR, mat_specular);
glMaterialf(GL_FRONT, GL_SHININESS, 25.0);
glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_POSITION, light_position);
glEnable(GL_LIGHTING);
glEnable(GL_LIGHT0);
glColorMaterial(GL_FRONT, GL_DIFFUSE);
glEnable(GL_COLOR_MATERIAL);
}
void display(void)
{
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
glutSolidSphere(1.0, 20, 16);
glFlush ();
}
void reshape (int w, int h)
{
glViewport (0, 0, (GLsizei) w, (GLsizei) h);
glMatrixMode (GL_PROJECTION);
glLoadIdentity();
if (w <= h)
glOrtho (-1.5, 1.5, -1.5*(GLfloat)h/(GLfloat)w,
1.5*(GLfloat)h/(GLfloat)w, -10.0, 10.0);
else
glOrtho (-1.5*(GLfloat)w/(GLfloat)h,
1.5*(GLfloat)w/(GLfloat)h, -1.5, 1.5, -10.0, 10.0);
glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);
glLoadIdentity();
}
void mouse(int button, int state, int x, int y)
{
switch (button) {
case GLUT_LEFT_BUTTON:
if (state == GLUT_DOWN) {
diffuseMaterial[0] += 0.1;
if (diffuseMaterial[0] > 1.0)
diffuseMaterial[0] = 0.0;
glColor4fv(diffuseMaterial);
glutPostRedisplay();
}
break;
case GLUT_MIDDLE_BUTTON:
if (state == GLUT_DOWN) {
diffuseMaterial[1] += 0.1;
if (diffuseMaterial[1] > 1.0)
diffuseMaterial[1] = 0.0;
glColor4fv(diffuseMaterial);
glutPostRedisplay();
}
break;
case GLUT_RIGHT_BUTTON:
if (state == GLUT_DOWN) {
diffuseMaterial[2] += 0.1;
if (diffuseMaterial[2] > 1.0)
diffuseMaterial[2] = 0.0;
glColor4fv(diffuseMaterial);
glutPostRedisplay();
}
break;
default:
break;
}
}
void keyboard(unsigned char key, int x, int y)
{
switch (key) {
case 27:
exit(0);
break;
}
}
int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
glutInit(&argc, argv);
glutInitDisplayMode (GLUT_SINGLE | GLUT_RGB | GLUT_DEPTH);
glutInitWindowSize (500, 500);
glutInitWindowPosition (100, 100);
glutCreateWindow (argv[0]);
init ();
glutDisplayFunc(display);
glutReshapeFunc(reshape);
glutMouseFunc(mouse);
glutKeyboardFunc(keyboard);
glutMainLoop();
return 0;
}
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