配置本地时间服务器(集群)
2016-07-06 22:39
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在集群测试过程中,一般都需要配置集群内各节点时间同步。因此就需要配置一个本地时间服务器,其他节点作为客户端来同步时间。
NTP在linux下有两种时钟同步方式,分别为直接同步和平滑同步:
直接同步
使用ntpdate命令进行同步,直接进行时间变更。如果服务器上存在一个12点运行的任务,当前服务器时间是13点,但标准时间时11点,使用此命令可能会造成任务重复执行。因此使用ntpdate同步可能会引发风险,因此该命令也多用于配置时钟同步服务时第一次同步时间时使用。
平滑同步
使用ntpd进行时钟同步,可以保证一个时间不经历两次,它每次同步时间的偏移量不会太陡,是慢慢来的,这正因为这样,ntpd平滑同步可能耗费的时间比较长。
1 修改配置文件
修改/etc/ntp.conf文件,红色字体是修改的内容
2 重启ntpd服务
命令:
3. 查看时间同步
使用ntpq -p 查看网络中的NTP服务器,同时显示客户端和每个服务器的关系
使用ntpstat 命令查看时间同步状态,这个一般需要5-10分钟后才能成功连接和同步。所以,服务器启动后需要稍等下:
连接并同步后:
本人将不予远程服务器同步。配置文件如下:
然后编辑/etc/ntp.conf文件,红色字体为变化的内容。
设置同步:
OK!
NTP在linux下有两种时钟同步方式,分别为直接同步和平滑同步:
直接同步
使用ntpdate命令进行同步,直接进行时间变更。如果服务器上存在一个12点运行的任务,当前服务器时间是13点,但标准时间时11点,使用此命令可能会造成任务重复执行。因此使用ntpdate同步可能会引发风险,因此该命令也多用于配置时钟同步服务时第一次同步时间时使用。
平滑同步
使用ntpd进行时钟同步,可以保证一个时间不经历两次,它每次同步时间的偏移量不会太陡,是慢慢来的,这正因为这样,ntpd平滑同步可能耗费的时间比较长。
1 Rpm包安装
sudo yum install ntp ntpdate ntp-doc
2 配置时间服务器
配置前先使用命令:ntpdate -u cn.pool.ntp.org,同步服务器;时间服务器为(192.168.192.120)1 修改配置文件
修改/etc/ntp.conf文件,红色字体是修改的内容
# For more information about this file, see the man pages # ntp.conf(5), ntp_acc(5), ntp_auth(5), ntp_clock(5), ntp_misc(5), ntp_mon(5). driftfile /var/lib/ntp/drift # Permit time synchronization with our time source, but do not # permit the source to query or modify the service on this system. restrict default nomodify notrap nopeer noquery <strong><span style="color:#ff0000;"># 若不与远程同步 # restrict default nomodify notrap nopeer</span></strong> # Permit all access over the loopback interface. This could # be tightened as well, but to do so would effect some of # the administrative functions. restrict 127.0.0.1 restrict ::1 # Hosts on local network are less restricted. #restrict 192.168.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0 nomodify notrap <strong><span style="color:#ff0000;">restrict 192.168.192.120 mask 255.255.255.0 nomodify notrap</span></strong> # Use public servers from the pool.ntp.org project. # Please consider joining the pool (http://www.pool.ntp.org/join.html). #server 0.centos.pool.ntp.org iburst <strong><span style="color:#ff0000;"># 若与远程服务器连接,请选择下面的配置 server 2.cn.pool.ntp.org server 1.asia.pool.ntp.org server 2.asia.pool.ntp.org</span></strong> #broadcast 192.168.1.255 autokey # broadcast server #broadcastclient # broadcast client #broadcast 224.0.1.1 autokey # multicast server #multicastclient 224.0.1.1 # multicast client #manycastserver 239.255.254.254 # manycast server #manycastclient 239.255.254.254 autokey # manycast client <strong><span style="color:#ff0000;"># 允许上层时间服务器主动修改本机时间 restrict 2.cn.pool.ntp.org nomodify notrap noquery restrict 1.asia.pool.ntp.org nomodify notrap noquery restrict 2.asia.pool.ntp.org nomodify notrap noquery</span></strong> server 127.0.0.1 # local clock fudge 127.0.0.1 stratum 10 # Enable public key cryptography. #crypto includefile /etc/ntp/crypto/pw # Key file containing the keys and key identifiers used when operating # with symmetric key cryptography. keys /etc/ntp/keys # Specify the key identifiers which are trusted. #trustedkey 4 8 42 # Specify the key identifier to use with the ntpdc utility. #requestkey 8 # Specify the key identifier to use with the ntpq utility. #controlkey 8 # Enable writing of statistics records. #statistics clockstats cryptostats loopstats peerstats # Disable the monitoring facility to prevent amplification attacks using ntpdc # monlist command when default restrict does not include the noquery flag. See # CVE-2013-5211 for more details. # Note: Monitoring will not be disabled with the limited restriction flag. disable monitor
2 重启ntpd服务
命令:
sudo systemctl restart ntpd
3. 查看时间同步
使用ntpq -p 查看网络中的NTP服务器,同时显示客户端和每个服务器的关系
[ceph@node0 cluster]$ <strong>ntpq -p</strong> remote refid st t when poll reach delay offset jitter ============================================================================== *time7.aliyun.co 10.137.38.86 2 u 12 64 7 40.208 -1147.0 40.393 +time6.aliyun.co 10.137.38.86 2 u 17 64 3 788.912 -773.33 674.309 +ntp-asia.core.m 127.67.113.92 2 u 11 64 3 389.800 -1117.8 381.352 localhost .STEP. 16 l - 64 0 0.000 0.000 0.000
使用ntpstat 命令查看时间同步状态,这个一般需要5-10分钟后才能成功连接和同步。所以,服务器启动后需要稍等下:
# <strong>ntpstat</strong> unsynchronised time server re-starting polling server every 64 s
连接并同步后:
# <strong>ntpstat</strong> synchronised to NTP server (202.112.10.36) at stratum 3 time correct to within 275 ms polling server every 256 s
本人将不予远程服务器同步。配置文件如下:
[ceph@node0 cluster]$ cat /etc/ntp.conf # For more information about this file, see the man pages # ntp.conf(5), ntp_acc(5), ntp_auth(5), ntp_clock(5), ntp_misc(5), ntp_mon(5). driftfile /var/lib/ntp/drift # Permit time synchronization with our time source, but do not # permit the source to query or modify the service on this system. #restrict default nomodify notrap nopeer noquery restrict default nomodify notrap nopeer # Permit all access over the loopback interface. This could # be tightened as well, but to do so would effect some of # the administrative functions. restrict 127.0.0.1 restrict ::1 # Hosts on local network are less restricted. #restrict 192.168.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0 nomodify notrap # Use public servers from the pool.ntp.org project. # Please consider joining the pool (http://www.pool.ntp.org/join.html). #server 0.centos.pool.ntp.org iburst #server 1.centos.pool.ntp.org iburst #server 2.centos.pool.ntp.org iburst #server 3.centos.pool.ntp.org iburst #broadcast 192.168.1.255 autokey # broadcast server #broadcastclient # broadcast client #broadcast 224.0.1.1 autokey # multicast server #multicastclient 224.0.1.1 # multicast client #manycastserver 239.255.254.254 # manycast server #manycastclient 239.255.254.254 autokey # manycast client #restrict 2.cn.pool.ntp.org nomodify notrap noquery #restrict 1.asia.pool.ntp.org nomodify notrap noquery #restrict 2.asia.pool.ntp.org nomodify notrap noquery <strong><span style="color:#ff0000;">server 127.0.0.1 # local clock fudge 127.0.0.1 stratum 10</span></strong> # Enable public key cryptography. #crypto includefile /etc/ntp/crypto/pw # Key file containing the keys and key identifiers used when operating # with symmetric key cryptography. keys /etc/ntp/keys # Specify the key identifiers which are trusted. #trustedkey 4 8 42 # Specify the key identifier to use with the ntpdc utility. #requestkey 8 # Specify the key identifier to use with the ntpq utility. #controlkey 8 # Enable writing of statistics records. #statistics clockstats cryptostats loopstats peerstats # Disable the monitoring facility to prevent amplification attacks using ntpdc # monlist command when default restrict does not include the noquery flag. See # CVE-2013-5211 for more details. # Note: Monitoring will not be disabled with the limited restriction flag. disable monitor
3 配置客户端
安装ntp服务并设置为自动启动,和前面的设置方式相同。然后编辑/etc/ntp.conf文件,红色字体为变化的内容。
# For more information about this file, see the man pages # ntp.conf(5), ntp_acc(5), ntp_auth(5), ntp_clock(5), ntp_misc(5), ntp_mon(5). driftfile /var/lib/ntp/drift # Permit time synchronization with our time source, but do not # permit the source to query or modify the service on this system. restrict default nomodify notrap nopeer noquery # Permit all access over the loopback interface. This could # be tightened as well, but to do so would effect some of # the administrative functions. restrict 127.0.0.1 restrict ::1 # Hosts on local network are less restricted. #restrict 192.168.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0 nomodify notrap # Use public servers from the pool.ntp.org project. # Please consider joining the pool (http://www.pool.ntp.org/join.html). #server 0.centos.pool.ntp.org iburst <strong><span style="color:#ff0000;">server 192.168.192.120 restrict 192.168.192.120 nomodify notrap noquery server 127.0.0.1 fudge 127.0.0.1 stratum 10</span></strong> #broadcast 192.168.1.255 autokey # broadcast server #broadcastclient # broadcast client #broadcast 224.0.1.1 autokey # multicast server #multicastclient 224.0.1.1 # multicast client #manycastserver 239.255.254.254 # manycast server #manycastclient 239.255.254.254 autokey # manycast client # Enable public key cryptography. #crypto includefile /etc/ntp/crypto/pw # Key file containing the keys and key identifiers used when operating # with symmetric key cryptography. keys /etc/ntp/keys # Specify the key identifiers which are trusted. #trustedkey 4 8 42 # Specify the key identifier to use with the ntpdc utility. #requestkey 8 # Specify the key identifier to use with the ntpq utility. #controlkey 8 # Enable writing of statistics records. #statistics clockstats cryptostats loopstats peerstats # Disable the monitoring facility to prevent amplification attacks using ntpdc # monlist command when default restrict does not include the noquery flag. See # CVE-2013-5211 for more details. # Note: Monitoring will not be disabled with the limited restriction flag. disable monitor
设置同步:
[ceph@node1 ~]$ cat /etc/crontab SHELL=/bin/bash PATH=/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin MAILTO=root # For details see man 4 crontabs # Example of job definition: # .---------------- minute (0 - 59) # | .------------- hour (0 - 23) # | | .---------- day of month (1 - 31) # | | | .------- month (1 - 12) OR jan,feb,mar,apr ... # | | | | .---- day of week (0 - 6) (Sunday=0 or 7) OR sun,mon,tue,wed,thu,fri,sat # | | | | | # * * * * * user-name command to be executed <strong>30 * * * * root /usr/sbin/ntpdate 192.168.192.120:/sbin/hwclock -w</strong>
OK!
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