Struts1(一)——基本原理
2016-06-24 21:51
417 查看
MVC框架：
通过Servlet实现MVC：
通过struts1实现MVC：
细粒度的时序图：
一个登陆的小例子：
在lib中复制粘贴相应的jar包，编写jsp页面
login.jsp:
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=GB18030"
pageEncoding="GB18030"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=GB18030">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="login.do" method="post">
用户：<input type="text" name="username"><br>
密码：<input type="text" name="password"><br>
<input type="submit" value="登录">
</form>
</body>
</html>login_error.jsp:
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=GB18030"
pageEncoding="GB18030"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=GB18030">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
登录失败
</body>
</html>login_success.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=GB18030"
pageEncoding="GB18030"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=GB18030">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
登录成功
</body>
</html>LoginAction.java:
package com.bjpowernode.struts;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.apache.struts.action.Action;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForward;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionMapping;
/**
* 登录Action
* 负责取得表单数据、调用业务逻辑、返回转向信息
* @author cnwl
*
*/
public class LoginAction extends Action {
@Override
public ActionForward execute(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,
HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws Exception {
LoginActionForm laf= (LoginActionForm)form;
String username = laf.getUsername();
String password = laf.getPassword();
if("admin".equals(username) && "admin".equals(password)){
//登陆成功
return mapping.findForward("success");
}else{
//登录失败
return mapping.findForward("error");
}
}
}
LoginActionForm.java
package com.bjpowernode.struts;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.apache.struts.action.Action;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForward;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionMapping;
/**
* 登录Action
* 负责取得表单数据、调用业务逻辑、返回转向信息
* @author cnwl
*
*/
public class LoginAction extends Action {
@Override
public ActionForward execute(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,
HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws Exception {
LoginActionForm laf= (LoginActionForm)form;
String username = laf.getUsername();
String password = laf.getPassword();
if("admin".equals(username) && "admin".equals(password)){
//登陆成功
return mapping.findForward("success");
}else{
//登录失败
return mapping.findForward("error");
}
}
}
配置文件：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.4"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd"> <welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>config</param-name>
<param-value>/WEB-INF/struts-config.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>debug</param-name>
<param-value>2</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>detail</param-name>
<param-value>2</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>2</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<!-- Standard Action Servlet Mapping -->
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
struts-config.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts-config PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 1.2//EN"
"http://jakarta.apache.org/struts/dtds/struts-config_1_2.dtd">
<struts-config>
<form-beans>
<form-bean name ="loginForm" type="com.bjpowernode.struts.LoginActionForm"/>
</form-beans>
<action-mappings>
<action path="/login"
type="com.bjpowernode.struts.LoginAction"
name="loginForm"
scope="request">
<forward name ="success" path="/login_success.jsp"/>
<forward name ="error" path="/login_error.jsp"/>
</action>
</action-mappings>
</struts-config>
在浏览器中输入：http://localhost:8080/struts_login/login.jsp
登陆页面：
登录成功：
登录失败：
总结
通过以上几张图的详细讲解，基本上MVC原理就是这样，终于了解到struts原理是怎样的。根据URL截取到相关数据，通过一系列操作把表单中的数据传到actionForm中，然后创建响应的action，然后响应到视图。
通过Servlet实现MVC：
通过struts1实现MVC：
细粒度的时序图：
一个登陆的小例子：
在lib中复制粘贴相应的jar包，编写jsp页面
login.jsp:
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=GB18030"
pageEncoding="GB18030"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=GB18030">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="login.do" method="post">
用户：<input type="text" name="username"><br>
密码：<input type="text" name="password"><br>
<input type="submit" value="登录">
</form>
</body>
</html>login_error.jsp:
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=GB18030"
pageEncoding="GB18030"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=GB18030">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
登录失败
</body>
</html>login_success.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=GB18030"
pageEncoding="GB18030"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=GB18030">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
登录成功
</body>
</html>LoginAction.java:
package com.bjpowernode.struts;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.apache.struts.action.Action;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForward;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionMapping;
/**
* 登录Action
* 负责取得表单数据、调用业务逻辑、返回转向信息
* @author cnwl
*
*/
public class LoginAction extends Action {
@Override
public ActionForward execute(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,
HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws Exception {
LoginActionForm laf= (LoginActionForm)form;
String username = laf.getUsername();
String password = laf.getPassword();
if("admin".equals(username) && "admin".equals(password)){
//登陆成功
return mapping.findForward("success");
}else{
//登录失败
return mapping.findForward("error");
}
}
}
LoginActionForm.java
package com.bjpowernode.struts;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.apache.struts.action.Action;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForward;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionMapping;
/**
* 登录Action
* 负责取得表单数据、调用业务逻辑、返回转向信息
* @author cnwl
*
*/
public class LoginAction extends Action {
@Override
public ActionForward execute(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,
HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws Exception {
LoginActionForm laf= (LoginActionForm)form;
String username = laf.getUsername();
String password = laf.getPassword();
if("admin".equals(username) && "admin".equals(password)){
//登陆成功
return mapping.findForward("success");
}else{
//登录失败
return mapping.findForward("error");
}
}
}
配置文件：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.4"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd"> <welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>config</param-name>
<param-value>/WEB-INF/struts-config.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>debug</param-name>
<param-value>2</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>detail</param-name>
<param-value>2</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>2</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<!-- Standard Action Servlet Mapping -->
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
struts-config.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts-config PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 1.2//EN"
"http://jakarta.apache.org/struts/dtds/struts-config_1_2.dtd">
<struts-config>
<form-beans>
<form-bean name ="loginForm" type="com.bjpowernode.struts.LoginActionForm"/>
</form-beans>
<action-mappings>
<action path="/login"
type="com.bjpowernode.struts.LoginAction"
name="loginForm"
scope="request">
<forward name ="success" path="/login_success.jsp"/>
<forward name ="error" path="/login_error.jsp"/>
</action>
</action-mappings>
</struts-config>
在浏览器中输入：http://localhost:8080/struts_login/login.jsp
登陆页面：
登录成功：
登录失败：
总结
通过以上几张图的详细讲解，基本上MVC原理就是这样，终于了解到struts原理是怎样的。根据URL截取到相关数据，通过一系列操作把表单中的数据传到actionForm中，然后创建响应的action，然后响应到视图。
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