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React基础语法学习

2016-06-23 13:26 603 查看

React主要有如下3个特点：

作为UI（Just the UI）

虚拟DOM（Virtual DOM）:这是亮点是React最重要的一个特性放进内存最小更新的视图,差异部分更新 diff算法

数据流（Date Flow）单向数据流

学习React需要掌握哪些知识？

JSX语法类似XML

ES6相关知识

前端基础 CSS+DIV JS

例子一

（简单组件和数据传递）使用this.props 指向自己的属性

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head lang="en">
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>React第一个例子</title>
<script type="text/javascript" src="react.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="react-dom.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="browser.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<div id="example"></div>
<script type="text/babel">
var HelloMessage=React.createClass(
{
render:function(){
return <h1 style={{color:'#ff0000',fontSize:'24px'}} >Hello {this.props.name}!我是东方耀</h1>;
//这是注释  React.createElement
}
}
);

ReactDOM.render(<HelloMessage name="React 语法基础8" /> ,document.getElementById('example'));

</script>
</body>
</html>

例子二（通过this.state更新视图）

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head lang="en">
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>React第二个例子</title>
<script type="text/javascript" src="react.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="react-dom.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="browser.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>

<div id="example"></div>

<script type="text/babel">
var Timer=React.createClass(
{
/*初始状态*/
getInitialState:function(){
return {secondsElapsed:0};
},

tick:function(){
this.setState({secondsElapsed:this.state.secondsElapsed+1});
},

/*组件完成装载*/
componentDidMount:function(){
this.interval=setInterval(this.tick,1000);
},
/*组件将被卸载   清除定时器*/
componentWillUnmount:function(){
clearInterval(this.interval);
},
/*渲染视图*/
render:function(){
return(
<div> Seconds Elapsed:{this.state.secondsElapsed} </div>
);
}

}
);

React.render( <Timer /> ,document.getElementById('example'));

</script>

</body>
</html>

例子三（简单应用）

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head lang="en">
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>React第三个例子</title>
<script type="text/javascript" src="react.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="react-dom.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="browser.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>

<div id="example"></div>

<script type="text/babel">

var ShowEditor=React.createClass(
{
getInitialState:function(){
return {value:'你可以在这里输入文字'};
},

handleChange:function(){
this.setState({value:React.findDOMNode(this.refs.textarea).value});
},

render:function(){
return (

<div>
<h3>输入</h3>
<textarea style={{width:300,height:150,outline:'none'}}
onChange={this.handleChange}
ref="textarea"
defaultValue={this.state.value}

/>
<h3>输出</h3>

<div> {this.state.value} </div>

</div>

);

}

}

);

React.render(<ShowEditor />,document.getElementById('example'));

</script>

</body>
</html>

flexbox布局

伸缩项目的属性

1.order

定义项目的排列顺序，数值越小，排列越靠前，默认值为0，语法为：order：整数值

2.flex-grow

定义伸缩项目的放大比例，默认值为0，即表示如果存在剩余空间，也不放大，语法为：flex-grow：整

数值

3.flex-shrink

定义伸缩项目的收缩能力，默认值为1 ，其语法为：flex-shrink:整数值

4.flex-basis

用来设置伸缩项目的基准值，剩余的空间按比率进行伸缩，其语法为：flex-basis:length | auto，默认

值为auto

5.flex

是flex-grow flex-shrink flex-basis这三个属性的缩写，其语法为：flex:none | flex-grow flex-shrink flexbasis，

其中第二个和第三个参数为可选参数，默认值为：0 1 auto

6.align-self

用来设置单独的伸缩项目在交叉轴上的对齐方式，会覆盖默认的对齐方式，其语法为：align-self:auto

| flex-start | flex-end | center | baseline | stretch(伸缩项目在交叉轴方向占满伸缩容器，如果交叉轴为

垂直方向的话，只有在不设置高度的情况下才能看到效果)

在React Native中使用flexbox

RN目前主要支持flexbox的如下6个属性：

1.alignItems

用来定义伸缩项目在交叉轴上的对齐方式，语法为： alignItems:flex-start（默认值） | flex-end |

center | stretch

2.alignSelf

用来设置单独的伸缩项目在交叉轴上的对齐方式，会覆盖默认的对齐方式，其语法为：alignSelf:auto |

flex-start | flex-end | center | stretch(伸缩项目在交叉轴方向占满伸缩容器，如果交叉轴为垂直方向的

话，只有在不设置高度的情况下才能看到效果)

3.flex

是flex-grow flex-shrink flex-basis这三个属性的缩写，其语法为：flex:none | flex-grow flex-shrink flexbasis，

其中第二个和第三个参数为可选参数，默认值为：0 1 auto

4.flexDirection

指定主轴的方向 flex-direction:row| row-reverse | column（默认值） | column-reverse

5.flexWrap

6.justifyContent

BOX实现

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title></title>
<style>
.height50 {
height: 50px;
}
.height400 {
height: 400px;
}
.height300 {
height: 300px;
}
.height200 {
height: 200px;
}
.height100 {
height: 100px;
}
.width400 {
width: 400px;
}
.bgred {
background-color: #6AC5AC;
}
.bggreen {
background-color:  #414142;
}
.bgyellow {
background-color: #D64078;
}
.box {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
flex: 1;
position: relative;
color: #FDC72F;
line-height: 1em;
}
.label {
top: 0;
left: 0;
padding: 0 3px 3px 0;
position: absolute;
background-color: #FDC72F;
color: white;
line-height: 1em;
}
.top {
width: 100%;
justify-content: center;
display: flex;
align-items: center;
}
.bottom {
width: 100%;
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
align-items: center;
}
.right {
width: 50px;
display: flex;
justify-content: space-around;
align-items: center;
}
.left {
width: 50px;
display: flex;
justify-content: space-around;
align-items: center;
}
.heightdashed {
position: absolute;
right: 20px;
height: 100%;
border-left: 1px solid #FDC72F;
}
.widthdashed {
position: absolute;
left: 0px;
width: 100%;
bottom: 24px;
border-top: 1px solid #FDC72F;
}
.margginBox {
position:absolute;
top: 100px;
padding-left:7px;
padding-right:7px;
}
.borderBox {
flex: 1;
display: flex;
justify-content: space-between;
}
.paddingBox {
flex: 1;
display: flex;
justify-content: space-between;
}
.elementBox{
flex: 1;
display: flex;
justify-content: space-between;
}
.measureBox {
flex: 1;
display: flex;
justify-content: flex-end;
align-items: flex-end;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<span class="margginBox">
<span class="box height400  width400">
<span class="label">
margin
</span>
<span class="top height50 bgred">
top
</span>
<span class="borderBox">
<span class="left bgred">
left
</span>
<span class="box height300  ">
<span class="label">
border
</span>
<span class="top height50 bggreen">
top
</span>
<span class="paddingBox">
<span class="left bggreen">
left
</span>
<span class="box height200  ">
<span class="label">
padding
</span>
<span class="top height50 bgyellow">
top
</span>
<span class="elementBox">
<span class="left bgyellow">
left
</span>
<span class="box height100  ">
<span class="label">
element
</span>
<span class="widthdashed">
</span>
<span class="heightdashed">
</span>
<span class="measureBox">
<span class="right">
height
</span>
</span>
<span class="bottom  height50">
width
</span>
</span>
<span class="right bgyellow">
right
</span>
</span>
<span class="bottom  height50 bgyellow">
bottom
</span>
</span>
<span class="right bggreen">
right
</span>
</span>
<span class="bottom  height50 bggreen">
bottom
</span>
</span>
<span class="right bgred">
right
</span>
</span>
<span class="bottom  height50 bgred">
bottom
</span>
</span>
</span>
</body>
</html>

效果如下

ReactNative版实现

/**
* Sample React Native App
* https://github.com/facebook/react-native */
'use strict';
import React, {
AppRegistry,
Component,
StyleSheet,
Text,
View
} from 'react-native';

class DongFang extends Component {
render() {
return (
<View style={[BoxStyles.margginBox]}  ref="lab1">
<View style={[BoxStyles.box,BoxStyles.height400,BoxStyles.width400]}>
<View style={[BoxStyles.top,BoxStyles.height50,BoxStyles.bgred]}>
<Text style={BoxStyles.yellow}>top</Text></View>
<View style={[BoxStyles.borderBox]}>
<View style={[BoxStyles.left,BoxStyles.bgred]} >
<Text style={BoxStyles.yellow}>left</Text></View>
<View style={[BoxStyles.box,BoxStyles.height300]}>
<View style={[BoxStyles.top,BoxStyles.height50,BoxStyles.bggreen]}>
<Text style={BoxStyles.yellow}>top</Text></View>
<View style={[BoxStyles.paddingBox]}>
<View style={[BoxStyles.left,BoxStyles.bggreen]} >
<Text style={BoxStyles.yellow}>left</Text></View>
<View style={[BoxStyles.box,BoxStyles.height200]}>
<View style={[BoxStyles.top,BoxStyles.height50,BoxStyles.bgyellow]}>
<Text style={BoxStyles.yellow}>top</Text></View>
<View style={[BoxStyles.elementBox]}>
<View style={[BoxStyles.left,BoxStyles.bgyellow]} >
<Text style={BoxStyles.yellow}>left</Text></View>
<View style={[BoxStyles.box,BoxStyles.height100]}>
<View  style={[BoxStyles.label]}>
<Text style={BoxStyles.white}>element</Text></View>
<View style={[BoxStyles.widthdashed]} ></View>
<View style={[BoxStyles.heightdashed]} ></View>
<View style={[BoxStyles.measureBox]} >
<View style={[BoxStyles.right]}>
<Text style={[BoxStyles.yellow]}>height</Text></View>
</View>
<View style={[BoxStyles.bottom,BoxStyles.height50]}>
<Text style={BoxStyles.yellow}>width</Text></View>
</View>
<View style={[BoxStyles.right,BoxStyles.bgyellow]}><Text style={BoxStyles.yellow}>right</Text></View>
</View>
<View style={[BoxStyles.bottom,BoxStyles.height50,BoxStyles.bgyellow]}>
<Text style={BoxStyles.yellow}>bottom</Text></View>
<View style={[BoxStyles.label]}>
<Text style={BoxStyles.white}>padding</Text></View>
</View>
<View style={[BoxStyles.right,BoxStyles.bggreen]}><Text style={BoxStyles.yellow}>right</Text></View>
</View>
<View style={[BoxStyles.bottom,BoxStyles.height50,BoxStyles.bggreen]}>
<Text style={BoxStyles.yellow}>bottom</Text></View>
<View style={[BoxStyles.label]}><Text style={BoxStyles.white}>border</Text></View>
</View>
<View style={[BoxStyles.right,BoxStyles.bgred]}>
<Text style={BoxStyles.yellow}>right</Text></View>
</View>
<View style={[BoxStyles.bottom,BoxStyles.height50,BoxStyles.bgred]}>
<Text style={BoxStyles.yellow}>bottom</Text></View>
<View style={[BoxStyles.label]} ><Text style={BoxStyles.white}>margin</Text></View>
</View>
</View>
);
}
}

const BoxStyles = StyleSheet.create({
height50:{
height: 50,
},
height400:{
height: 400,
},
height300:{
height: 300,
},
height200:{
height: 200,
},
height100:{
height: 100,
},
width400:{
width: 400,
},
width300:{
width: 300,
},
width200:{
width: 200,
},
width100:{
width: 100,
},
bgred: {
backgroundColor:'#6AC5AC',
},
bggreen: {
backgroundColor: '#414142',
},
bgyellow: {
backgroundColor: '#D64078',
},
box: {
flexDirection: 'column',
flex: 1,
position: 'relative',
},
label: {
top: 0,
left: 0,
paddingTop: 0,
paddingRight: 3,
paddingBottom: 3,
paddingLeft: 0,
position: 'absolute',
backgroundColor: '#FDC72F',
},
top: {
justifyContent: 'center',
alignItems: 'center',
},
bottom: {
justifyContent: 'center',
alignItems: 'center',
},
right: {
width: 50,
justifyContent: 'space-around',
alignItems: 'center',
},
left: {
width: 50,
justifyContent: 'space-around',
alignItems: 'center',
},
heightdashed: {
bottom: 0,
top: 0,
right: 20,
borderLeftWidth: 1,
position: 'absolute',
borderLeftColor: '#FDC72F',
},
widthdashed: {
bottom: 25,
left: 0,
right: 0,
borderTopWidth: 1,
position: 'absolute',
borderTopColor: '#FDC72F',
},
yellow: {
color: '#FDC72F',
fontWeight:'900',
},
white: {
color: 'white',
fontWeight:'900',
},
margginBox:{
position: 'absolute',
top: 100,
paddingLeft:7,
paddingRight:7,
},
borderBox:{
flex: 1,
justifyContent: 'space-between',
flexDirection: 'row',
},
paddingBox:{
flex: 1,
justifyContent: 'space-between',
flexDirection: 'row',
},
elementBox:{
flex: 1,
justifyContent: 'space-between',
flexDirection: 'row',
},
measureBox:{
flex: 1,
flexDirection: 'row',
justifyContent: 'flex-end',
alignItems:'flex-end',
},
container: {
flex: 1,
justifyContent: 'center',
alignItems: 'center',
backgroundColor: '#F5FCFF',
},
welcome: {
fontSize: 20,
textAlign: 'center',
margin: 10,
},
instructions: {
textAlign: 'center',
color: '#333333',
marginBottom: 5,
},
});

AppRegistry.registerComponent('DongFang', () => DongFang);

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