Linux命令解析--ls

[root@DB104 ~]# ls --help

Usage: ls [OPTION]... [FILE]...

用法： ls [参数].... [文件目录]...

List information about the FILEs (the current directory by default).

罗列出文件的信息（或默认当前目录）。

Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.

  -a, --all do not ignore entries starting with .

         罗列所有，不忽视以.开头的文件；

  -A, --almost-all           do not list implied . and ..

        不罗列出影藏的. 和..；

  -b, --escape  print octal escapes for nongraphic characters

         用图形字符输出八进制转义符

  -B, --ignore-backups       do not list implied entries ending with ~

  -c   with -lt: sort by, and show, ctime (time of last modification of file status information)

  -C   list entries by columns

  -d, --directory            list directory entries instead of contents, and do not dereference symbolic links

         仅显示目录名，而不显示其下内容；显示符号链接本身，而不是其指向的列表目录；

  -D, --dired  generate output designed for Emacs' dired mode

  -f    do not sort, enable -aU, disable -ls --color
  -F, --classify   append indicator (one of */=>@|) to entries ——参考p,给不同类型的文件添加不同的结尾符号

  -g   like -l, but do not list owner

      跟-l一致，但是不列出所有者；

  -G, --no-group  in a long listing, don't print group names

      不输出组名字；

  -h, --human-readable  with -l, print sizes in human readable format  (e.g., 1K 234M 2G)

        输出的文件大小以人类可读的形式，如1K 234M 5G；

  -H, --dereference-command-line  follow symbolic links listed on the command line

  -i, --inode   print the index number of each file

        输出每个文件的目录节点索引号；

  -I, --ignore=PATTERN do not list implied entries matching shell PATTERN

        不列出影藏的匹配项；

  -k  like --block-size=1K

      以kb为单位显示文件大小；

  -l    use a long listing format

      使用长列表格式输出的信息，从左到右依次包括文件名，文件类型、权限模式、硬连接数、所有者、组、文件大小和文件的最后修改时间等；

  -L, --dereference when showing file information for a symbolic link, show information for the file the link references rather than for the link itself

  -m    fill width with a comma separated list of entries

        填充宽度用逗号隔开每项的列表

  -n, --numeric-uid-gid   like -l, but list numeric user and group IDs

        以用户识别码、群组识别码代替其名称；

  -N, --literal   print raw entry names (don't treat e.g. control characters specially)

  -o    like -l, but do not list group information

        像-l ,但是不列出组信息；

  -p, --indicator-style=slash append / indicator to directories ——参考F，只给目录类型文件添加/结尾

  -q, --hide-control-chars   print ? instead of non graphic characters

      --show-control-chars   show non graphic characters as-is (default unless program is `ls' and output is a terminal)

  -Q, --quote-name   enclose entry names in double quotes

      --quoting-style=WORD   use quoting style WORD for entry names: literal, locale, shell, shell-always, c, escape

  -r, --reverse  reverse order while sorting

        逆序排序；

  -R, --recursive  list subdirectories recursively

        递归显示文件；

  -s, --size  print the allocated size of each file, in blocks

      输出文件、目录大小以区块为单位；

  -S   sort by file size

  -t  sort by modification time

    以更改时间排序；

  -T, --tabsize=COLS  assume tab stops at each COLS instead of 8

  -u   with -lt: sort by, and show, access time

  -U   do not sort; list entries in directory order

  -v   natural sort of (version) numbers within text

  -w, --width=COLS  assume screen width instead of current value

  -x   list entries by lines instead of by columns

  -X  sort alphabetically by entry extension

  -1  list one file per line

    数字1，每行一个文件；

SIZE may be (or may be an integer optionally followed by) one of following:

KB 1000, K 1024, MB 1000*1000, M 1024*1024, and so on for G, T, P, E, Z, Y.

Using color to distinguish file types is disabled both by default and with --color=never.  With --color=auto, ls emits color codes only when standard output is connected to a terminal.  The LS_COLORS environment variable can change the settings.  Use the dircolors
command to set it.