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迫切左外连接、 左外连接、 迫切内连接、 内连接

2016-06-06 18:57 197 查看
package com.baidu.test;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.LinkedHashSet;
import java.util.List;

import org.hibernate.Query;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
import org.hibernate.service.ServiceRegistry;
import org.hibernate.service.ServiceRegistryBuilder;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;

import com.baidu.leftJoin.Department;
import com.baidu.leftJoin.Employee;

public class TestHQL_LeftJoin {

private SessionFactory sessionFactory;
private Session session;
private Transaction transaction;

@Before
public void init(){
Configuration configuration = new Configuration().configure();
ServiceRegistry serviceRegistry = new ServiceRegistryBuilder()
.applySettings(configuration.getProperties())
.buildServiceRegistry();

sessionFactory = configuration.buildSessionFactory(serviceRegistry);

session = sessionFactory.openSession();
transaction = session.beginTransaction();
}
@After
public void destroy(){
transaction.commit();
session.close();
sessionFactory.close();

}

// ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~下面的例子是 从 1 对 多 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

/**
*
* 迫切左外连接: 特点是:如果左表有不满足条件的,也返回左表不满足条件
* 1. LEFT JOIN FETCH 关键字表示迫切左外连接检索策略.
* 2. list() 方法返回的集合中存放实体对象的引用, 每个 Department 对象关联的 Employee 集合都被初始化,
* 存放所有关联的 Employee 的实体对象.
* 3. 查询结果中可能会包含重复元素, 可以通过一个 HashSet 来过滤重复元素
*
* 去重:
* 方法一:使用 distinct
* String hql = "SELECT DISTINCT d FROM Department d LEFT JOIN FETCH d.emps ";
* Query query = session.createQuery(hql);
*
* List<Department> depts = query.list();
* System.out.println(depts.size());
*
* 方法二
* String hql = "FROM Department d LEFT JOIN FETCH d.emps ";
* Query query = session.createQuery(hql);
*
* List<Department> depts = query.list();
*
* depts = new ArrayList<>(new LinkedHashSet(depts));
* System.out.println(depts.size());
*
* for(Department dept:depts){
* System.out.println(dept.getName() + "--" + dept.getEmps().size() );
* }
*
*
*/
@Test
public void testLeftJoinFetch(){
// String hql = "SELECT DISTINCT d FROM Department d LEFT JOIN FETCH d.emps ";
// Query query = session.createQuery(hql);
//
// List<Department> depts = query.list();
// System.out.println(depts.size());
//

String hql = "FROM Department d LEFT JOIN FETCH d.emps ";
Query query = session.createQuery(hql);

List<Department> depts = query.list();
System.out.println(depts.size());

depts = new ArrayList<>(new LinkedHashSet(depts));
System.out.println(depts.size());

for(Department dept:depts){
System.out.println(dept.getName() + "--" + dept.getEmps().size() );
}
}

/**
* 左外连接:
* 1. LEFT JOIN 关键字表示左外连接查询.
* 2. list() 方法返回的集合中存放的是对象数组类型
* 3. 根据配置文件来决定 Employee 集合的检索策略.
* 4. 如果希望 list() 方法返回的集合中仅包含 Department 对象,
* 可以在HQL 查询语句中使用 SELECT 关键字
*
* 这样的语句查询的结果有重复:
* String hql = "FROM Department d LEFT JOIN d.emps";
* Query query = session.createQuery(hql);
*
* List<Object[]> results = query.list();
* System.out.println(results.size());
*
* 去重:
* 仅能使用 distinct 的方法去除重复
*
* String hql = "SELECT DISTINCT d FROM Department d LEFT JOIN d.emps";
* Query query = session.createQuery(hql);
*
* List<Department> depts = query.list();
* System.out.println(depts.size());
*
* for(Department dept:depts){
* System.out.println(dept.getName() + dept.getEmps().size());
* }
*
*/
@Test
public void testLeftJoin(){
String hql = "SELECT DISTINCT d FROM Department d LEFT JOIN d.emps";
Query query = session.createQuery(hql);

List<Department> depts = query.list();
System.out.println(depts.size());

for(Department dept:depts){
System.out.println(dept.getName() + dept.getEmps().size());
}

}

/**
* 迫切内连接: 特点是:不返回左表不满足条件
* INNER JOIN FETCH 关键字表示迫切内连接, 也可以省略 INNER 关键字
* list() 方法返回的集合中存放 Department 对象的引用, 每个 Department
* 对象的 Employee 集合都被初始化, 存放所有关联的 Employee 对象
*
* 内连接:
* INNER JOIN 关键字表示内连接, 也可以省略 INNER 关键字
* list() 方法的集合中存放的每个元素对应查询结果的一条记录, 每个元素都是对象数组类型
* 如果希望 list() 方法的返回的集合仅包含 Department 对象, 可以在 HQL 查询语句中使用 SELECT 关键字
*
*
*
*/
@Test
public void testInnerJoinFetch(){
//String hql = "SELECT DISTINCT d FROM Department d LEFT JOIN FETCH d.emps ";
String hql = "FROM Department d INNER JOIN FETCH d.emps ";
Query query = session.createQuery(hql);

List<Department> depts = query.list();
depts = new ArrayList<>(new LinkedHashSet(depts));
System.out.println(depts.size());

for(Department dept:depts){
System.out.println(dept.getName() + "--" + dept.getEmps().size() );
}
}

// ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~下面的例子是 从多 对 1 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

@Test
public void testLeftJoinFetch2(){
String hql = "FROM Employee e LEFT JOIN FETCH e.dept";
Query query = session.createQuery(hql);

List<Employee> emps = query.list();
System.out.println(emps.size());

for(Employee emp:emps){
System.out.println(emp + " -- " + emp.getDept());
}

}
}
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