增加yum支持EPEL源
2016-05-25 16:35
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Question: How do I enable EPEL repository on CentOS so that I can install additional packages directly using yum command?
Answer: EPEL stands for Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux.
EPEL is maintained as part of the Fedora project that maintains several packages that are not part of the standard Red Hat Enterprise Linux (or CentOS).
For example, if you are installing nagios (or bugzilla, or any other standard open source software), you’ll typically install it from source. i.e You’ll download the source code from the corresponding open source project site, and compile it on your system.
You won’t be able to install those using the standard yum repositories (i.e base, updates, etc.).
If you enable EPEL, you can install nagios, or bugzilla, or any other standard open source software just using yum command.
The following yum command displays all the repositories available on your system. As you see below, it has three CentOS-6 repositories (base, extras and updates). This doesn’t have EPEL enabled yet.
epel-release-6-6.noarch – Install this on your RHEL 6 (or CentOS 6)
epel-release-5-4.noarch – Install this on your RHEL 5 (or CentOS 5)
On my CentOS 6 system, I did the following. If you just do a “–test”, to test the installation, this will give NOKEY found warning message.
You should download the GPG key for EPEL repository from fedoraproject and install it on your system as shown below. For CentOS 6, go to fedoraprojecthttps://fedoraproject.org/keys, and scroll down to RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-6 and download it (or) use the direct
wget as shown below.
Verify that the key got installed successfully.
Now install the epel-release-6-6.noarch package, which will enable EPEL repository on your system.
When you downloaded the key from fedoraproject, notice that the GPG key is stored in a filename that is just the keyid. As you see from above, we downloaded 0608B895.txt from fedoraproject website.
Once you’ve installed the key, if you do “rpm -qa gpg*”, you’ll see that the gpg key with the keyid 0608b895 is installed.
The key id 0608b895 is part of the gpg package name as shown below.
Finally, you should be able to install lot of standard open source software (For example, nagios, bugzilla, etc.) directly using yum. Now if you do ‘yum info nagios’, it will show the following information. Check the line that starts with “Repo”, which has
the value of “epel”, which indicates that this package is from epel repository.
Answer: EPEL stands for Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux.
EPEL is maintained as part of the Fedora project that maintains several packages that are not part of the standard Red Hat Enterprise Linux (or CentOS).
For example, if you are installing nagios (or bugzilla, or any other standard open source software), you’ll typically install it from source. i.e You’ll download the source code from the corresponding open source project site, and compile it on your system.
You won’t be able to install those using the standard yum repositories (i.e base, updates, etc.).
If you enable EPEL, you can install nagios, or bugzilla, or any other standard open source software just using yum command.
The following yum command displays all the repositories available on your system. As you see below, it has three CentOS-6 repositories (base, extras and updates). This doesn’t have EPEL enabled yet.
# yum repolist repo id repo name status base CentOS-6 - Base 6,294 extras CentOS-6 - Extras 4 updates CentOS-6 - Updates 830 repolist: 7,128
Enable EPEL
First, you need to enable EPEL repository on your system. You don’t need to configure this repository manually in your yum. Instead, download the following package and install it, which will enable the EPEL repository on your system.epel-release-6-6.noarch – Install this on your RHEL 6 (or CentOS 6)
epel-release-5-4.noarch – Install this on your RHEL 5 (or CentOS 5)
On my CentOS 6 system, I did the following. If you just do a “–test”, to test the installation, this will give NOKEY found warning message.
# rpm -ivh epel-release-6-5.noarch.rpm --test warning: epel-release-6-5.noarch.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 0608b895: NOKEY Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
You should download the GPG key for EPEL repository from fedoraproject and install it on your system as shown below. For CentOS 6, go to fedoraprojecthttps://fedoraproject.org/keys, and scroll down to RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-6 and download it (or) use the direct
wget as shown below.
cd wget https://fedoraproject.org/static/0608B895.txt mv 0608B895.txt /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-6 rpm --import /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-6
Verify that the key got installed successfully.
# rpm -qa gpg* gpg-pubkey-0608b895-4bd22942
Now install the epel-release-6-6.noarch package, which will enable EPEL repository on your system.
# rpm -ivh epel-release-6-5.noarch.rpm Preparing... ########################################### [100%] 1:epel-release-6-5.noarch########################################### [100%]
GPG Key ID
As you see from the above rpm command, it says “key ID 0608b895: NOKEY”. This indicates that this is looking for the GPG key with id 0608b895.When you downloaded the key from fedoraproject, notice that the GPG key is stored in a filename that is just the keyid. As you see from above, we downloaded 0608B895.txt from fedoraproject website.
Once you’ve installed the key, if you do “rpm -qa gpg*”, you’ll see that the gpg key with the keyid 0608b895 is installed.
The key id 0608b895 is part of the gpg package name as shown below.
# rpm -qa gpg* gpg-pubkey-0608b895-4bd22942
Verify EPEL
Verify that the EPEL repository is enabled as shown below. Now, you’ll see epel repository (apart from the standard base, updates and extras repositories).# yum repolist repo id repo name status base CentOS-6 - Base 6,294 epel Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 6 - x86_64 7,345 extras CentOS-6 - Extras 4 updates CentOS-6 - Updates 928 repolist: 14,571
Finally, you should be able to install lot of standard open source software (For example, nagios, bugzilla, etc.) directly using yum. Now if you do ‘yum info nagios’, it will show the following information. Check the line that starts with “Repo”, which has
the value of “epel”, which indicates that this package is from epel repository.
# yum info nagios Available Packages Name : nagios Arch : x86_64 Version : 3.3.1 Release : 3.el6 Size : 1.1 M Repo : epel Summary : Nagios monitors hosts and services and yells if somethings breaks
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