Docker学习（一）

纯粹兴趣，不是教程，主要是记录自己的技能成长，方便以后整理，反思。

安装过程觉得没必要记录，最权威的就是官网了，安装是按照官网的说明来的。

我用的实体机是win10 64位，虚拟机是ubuntu-mate-16.04-desktop-amd64.iso，

安装后可以通过

docker@ubuntu:~$ docker version

查看docker的版本

Client:
Version:      1.11.1
API version:  1.23
Go version:   go1.5.4
Git commit:   5604cbe
Built:        Tue Apr 26 23:43:49 2016
OS/Arch:      linux/amd64

Server:
Version:      1.11.1
API version:  1.23
Go version:   go1.5.4
Git commit:   5604cbe
Built:        Tue Apr 26 23:43:49 2016
OS/Arch:      linux/amd64

依照官网安装后的docker是随系统自启动的。

当然也可以关掉或者重启docker服务：

docker@ubuntu:~$ service docker stop

docker@ubuntu:~$ service docker restart

可以使用

ps -ef | grep docker

查看docker进程

查看自带帮助

docker@ubuntu:~$ docker help

Usage: docker [OPTIONS] COMMAND [arg...]
docker daemon [ --help | ... ]
docker [ --help | -v | --version ]

A self-sufficient runtime for containers.

Options:

--config=~/.docker              Location of client config files
-D, --debug                     Enable debug mode
-H, --host=[]                   Daemon socket(s) to connect to
-h, --help                      Print usage
-l, --log-level=info            Set the logging level
--tls                           Use TLS; implied by --tlsverify
--tlscacert=~/.docker/ca.pem    Trust certs signed only by this CA
--tlscert=~/.docker/cert.pem    Path to TLS certificate file
--tlskey=~/.docker/key.pem      Path to TLS key file
--tlsverify                     Use TLS and verify the remote
-v, --version                   Print version information and quit

Commands:
attach    Attach to a running container
build     Build an image from a Dockerfile
commit    Create a new image from a container's changes
cp        Copy files/folders between a container and the local filesystem
create    Create a new container
diff      Inspect changes on a container's filesystem
events    Get real time events from the server
exec      Run a command in a running container
export    Export a container's filesystem as a tar archive
history   Show the history of an image
images    List images
import    Import the contents from a tarball to create a filesystem image
info      Display system-wide information
inspect   Return low-level information on a container or image
kill      Kill a running container
load      Load an image from a tar archive or STDIN
login     Log in to a Docker registry
logout    Log out from a Docker registry
logs      Fetch the logs of a container
network   Manage Docker networks
pause     Pause all processes within a container
port      List port mappings or a specific mapping for the CONTAINER
ps        List containers
pull      Pull an image or a repository from a registry
push      Push an image or a repository to a registry
rename    Rename a container
restart   Restart a container
rm        Remove one or more containers
rmi       Remove one or more images
run       Run a command in a new container
save      Save one or more images to a tar archive
search    Search the Docker Hub for images
start     Start one or more stopped containers
stats     Display a live stream of container(s) resource usage statistics
stop      Stop a running container
tag       Tag an image into a repository
top       Display the running processes of a container
unpause   Unpause all processes within a container
update    Update configuration of one or more containers
version   Show the Docker version information
volume    Manage Docker volumes
wait      Block until a container stops, then print its exit code

Run 'docker COMMAND --help' for more information on a command.

下载最新的ubuntu镜像

docker@ubuntu:~$ docker pull ubuntu
Using default tag: latest
latest: Pulling from library/ubuntu

6d28225f8d96: Pull complete
166102ec41af: Pull complete
d09bfba2bd6a: Pull complete
c80dad39a6c0: Pull complete
a3ed95caeb02: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:5718d664299eb1db14d87db7bfa6945b28879a67b74f36da3e34f5914866b71c
Status: Downloaded newer image for ubuntu:latest

进入ubuntu镜像的shell

docker@ubuntu:~$ docker run -i -t ubuntu /bin/bash

root@360ac9754c7d:/#

使用CTRL -p+CTRL -q（先按CTRL -p 然后CTRL -q）可以退出伪终端

开启长时间工作进程

docker@ubuntu:~$ JOB=$(sudo docker run -d ubuntu /bin/sh -c "while true; do echo Hello world; sleep 1; done")

收集某个容器的输出记录

docker@ubuntu:~$ docker logs $JOB

$JOB 是容器ID

可以通过docker ps命令监控容器信息：

docker@ubuntu:~$ docker ps

第一列就是容器ID



杀死一个容器进程：

docker@ubuntu:~$ docker kill $JOB

另存为镜像：

docker@ubuntu:~$ docker commit a3ce1be09250 demo_ubuntu
sha256:fff97b853f7f9c86ab2519fdbc443a4be9fedfba53299795f9c1a896451b023a

使用docker images可以列出所有docker镜像

docker@ubuntu:~$ docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
demo_ubuntu         latest              fff97b853f7f        6 seconds ago       124.6 MB
ubuntu              latest              c5f1cf30c96b        2 weeks ago         120.8 MB