Android as Bluetooth Low Energy Peripheral (GATT server).
2016-05-19 10:33
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转载目的是以后查看,不然到时候找不到
转载原文
http://blog.csdn.net/u013606170/article/details/46038283#comments
I demonstrate how to write a simple BLE peripheral application in Android here. I am bad in Android development, The UI would be very ugly, but the code work:
Currently(5/25/2015), the code could be running in Nexus 6 or Nexus 9 only based
on my test. The other phones or tablets DO NOT support to be a BLE peripheral. So, if you really interested in the issue of Android as BLE Peripheral , please open your wallet or swipe your card, to buy a GOOGLE official device, thank
you.
To add a characteristic as notification is little bit complicated, In here I just add read and write characteristics.
About the notification, I put code in the last part of this post.
You should add
The 2 lines in your AndroidManifest.xml, like this :
The kernal code are below , note the AdvertiseCallback is callback of BluetoothLeAdvertiser ::startAdvertising, and BluetoothGattServerCallback is callback function of ALL BluetoothGattCharacteristic.
BLEPeripheral.java: (that is what you want)
There is a callback interface WriteCallback to hold tthe data which the BLE has written.
MainActivity.java : (UI part)
activity_main.xml: (layout, very ugly)
I do not like to write too much explanation in here, One said: if you could implement, you understand it; if you could not, you know about nothing of it .
Notice the part of notifyCharacteristic ,I create a thread, which updates value and send a signal to BluetoothGattServer, to inform the BLE central the value has changed.
There is a bug in written text update: once WriteCallback::onWrite been called, the runOnUiThread for updating R.id.written_textView should be executed once. But in my code, the update would
not work. That is very minior for the purpose of demonstration BLE on Android, So, please ignore it.
转载原文
http://blog.csdn.net/u013606170/article/details/46038283#comments
I demonstrate how to write a simple BLE peripheral application in Android here. I am bad in Android development, The UI would be very ugly, but the code work:
Currently(5/25/2015), the code could be running in Nexus 6 or Nexus 9 only based
on my test. The other phones or tablets DO NOT support to be a BLE peripheral. So, if you really interested in the issue of Android as BLE Peripheral , please open your wallet or swipe your card, to buy a GOOGLE official device, thank
you.
To add a characteristic as notification is little bit complicated, In here I just add read and write characteristics.
About the notification, I put code in the last part of this post.
You should add
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH" /> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN" />
The 2 lines in your AndroidManifest.xml, like this :
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" package="com.gaiger.simplebleperipheral" android:versionCode="1" android:versionName="1.0" > <uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="21" android:targetSdkVersion="21" /> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH" /> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN" /> <application android:allowBackup="true" android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher" android:label="@string/app_name" android:theme="@style/AppTheme" > <activity android:name=".MainActivity" android:label="@string/app_name" > <intent-filter> <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" /> <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" /> </intent-filter> </activity> </application> </manifest>
The kernal code are below , note the AdvertiseCallback is callback of BluetoothLeAdvertiser ::startAdvertising, and BluetoothGattServerCallback is callback function of ALL BluetoothGattCharacteristic.
BLEPeripheral.java: (that is what you want)
package com.gaiger.simplebleperipheral; import java.util.List; import java.util.UUID; import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter; import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice; import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt; import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattCharacteristic; import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattDescriptor; import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattServer; import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattServerCallback; import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattService; import android.bluetooth.BluetoothManager; import android.bluetooth.BluetoothProfile; import android.bluetooth.le.AdvertiseCallback; import android.bluetooth.le.AdvertiseData; import android.bluetooth.le.AdvertiseSettings; import android.bluetooth.le.BluetoothLeAdvertiser; import android.content.Context; import android.content.pm.PackageManager; import android.os.Handler; import android.util.Log; public class BLEPeripheral{ public interface ConnectionCallback { void onConnectionStateChange(BluetoothDevice device, int newState); } BluetoothManager mManager; BluetoothAdapter mAdapter; BluetoothLeAdvertiser mLeAdvertiser; AdvertiseSettings.Builder settingBuilder; AdvertiseData.Builder advBuilder; BluetoothGattServer mGattServer; ConnectionCallback mConnectionCallback; public interface WriteCallback { void onWrite(byte[] data); } WriteCallback mWriteCallback; public static boolean isEnableBluetooth(){ return BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter().isEnabled(); } public int init(Context context){ if(null == mManager) { mManager = (BluetoothManager)context.getSystemService(Context.BLUETOOTH_SERVICE); if(null == mManager) return -1; if(false == context.getPackageManager(). hasSystemFeature(PackageManager.FEATURE_BLUETOOTH_LE)) return -2; } if(null == mAdapter) { mAdapter = mManager.getAdapter(); if(false == mAdapter.isMultipleAdvertisementSupported()) return -3; } if(null == settingBuilder) { settingBuilder = new AdvertiseSettings.Builder(); settingBuilder.setAdvertiseMode(AdvertiseSettings.ADVERTISE_MODE_LOW_LATENCY); settingBuilder.setConnectable(true); settingBuilder.setTxPowerLevel(AdvertiseSettings.ADVERTISE_TX_POWER_HIGH); } if(null == advBuilder) { advBuilder = new AdvertiseData.Builder(); mAdapter.setName("SimplePeripheral"); advBuilder.setIncludeDeviceName(true); } if(null == mGattServer) { mGattServer = mManager.openGattServer(context, mGattServerCallback); if(null == mGattServer) return -4; addDeviceInfoService(); } return 0; } public void setConnectionCallback(ConnectionCallback callback) { mConnectionCallback = callback; } public void close() { if(null != mLeAdvertiser) stopAdvertise(); if(null != mGattServer) mGattServer.close(); mGattServer = null; if(null != advBuilder) advBuilder = null; if(null != settingBuilder) settingBuilder = null; if(null != mAdapter) mAdapter = null; if(null != mManager) mManager = null; } public static String getAddress(){return BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter().getAddress();} private AdvertiseCallback mAdvCallback = new AdvertiseCallback() { @Override public void onStartFailure(int errorCode){ Log.d("advertise","onStartFailure"); } @Override public void onStartSuccess(AdvertiseSettings settingsInEffect){ Log.d("advertise","onStartSuccess"); }; }; private final BluetoothGattServerCallback mGattServerCallback = new BluetoothGattServerCallback(){ @Override public void onConnectionStateChange(BluetoothDevice device, int status, int newState){ Log.d("GattServer", "Our gatt server connection state changed, new state "); Log.d("GattServer", Integer.toString(newState)); if(null != mConnectionCallback && BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS == status) mConnectionCallback.onConnectionStateChange(device, newState); super.onConnectionStateChange(device, status, newState); } @Override public void onServiceAdded(int status, BluetoothGattService service) { Log.d("GattServer", "Our gatt server service was added."); super.onServiceAdded(status, service); } @Override public void onCharacteristicReadRequest(BluetoothDevice device, int requestId, int offset, BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic) { Log.d("GattServer", "Our gatt characteristic was read."); super.onCharacteristicReadRequest(device, requestId, offset, characteristic); mGattServer.sendResponse(device, requestId, BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS, offset, characteristic.getValue()); } @Override public void onCharacteristicWriteRequest(BluetoothDevice device, int requestId, BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic, boolean preparedWrite, boolean responseNeeded, int offset, byte[] value) { Log.d("GattServer", "We have received a write request for one of our hosted characteristics"); //Log.d("GattServer", "data = "+ value.toString()); super.onCharacteristicWriteRequest(device, requestId, characteristic, preparedWrite, responseNeeded, offset, value); if(null != mWriteCallback) mWriteCallback.onWrite(value); } @Override public void onNotificationSent(BluetoothDevice device, int status) { Log.d("GattServer", "onNotificationSent"); super.onNotificationSent(device, status); } @Override public void onDescriptorReadRequest(BluetoothDevice device, int requestId, int offset, BluetoothGattDescriptor descriptor) { Log.d("GattServer", "Our gatt server descriptor was read."); super.onDescriptorReadRequest(device, requestId, offset, descriptor); } @Override public void onDescriptorWriteRequest(BluetoothDevice device, int requestId, BluetoothGattDescriptor descriptor, boolean preparedWrite, boolean responseNeeded, int offset, byte[] value) { Log.d("GattServer", "Our gatt server descriptor was written."); super.onDescriptorWriteRequest(device, requestId, descriptor, preparedWrite, responseNeeded, offset, value); } @Override public void onExecuteWrite(BluetoothDevice device, int requestId, boolean execute) { Log.d("GattServer", "Our gatt server on execute write."); super.onExecuteWrite(device, requestId, execute); } }; private void addDeviceInfoService() { if(null == mGattServer) return; final String SERVICE_DEVICE_INFORMATION = "0000180a-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb"; final String SOFTWARE_REVISION_STRING = "00002A28-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb"; BluetoothGattService previousService = mGattServer.getService( UUID.fromString(SERVICE_DEVICE_INFORMATION)); if(null != previousService) mGattServer.removeService(previousService); BluetoothGattCharacteristic softwareVerCharacteristic = new BluetoothGattCharacteristic( UUID.fromString(SOFTWARE_REVISION_STRING), BluetoothGattCharacteristic.PROPERTY_READ, BluetoothGattCharacteristic.PERMISSION_READ ); BluetoothGattService deviceInfoService = new BluetoothGattService( UUID.fromString(SERVICE_DEVICE_INFORMATION), BluetoothGattService.SERVICE_TYPE_PRIMARY); softwareVerCharacteristic.setValue(new String("0.0.0").getBytes()); deviceInfoService.addCharacteristic(softwareVerCharacteristic); mGattServer.addService(deviceInfoService); } public void setService(String read1Data, String read2Data, WriteCallback writeCallBack) { if(null == mGattServer) return ; stopAdvertise(); final String SERVICE_A = "0000fff0-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb"; final String CHAR_READ1 = "0000fff1-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb"; final String CHAR_READ2 = "0000fff2-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb"; final String CHAR_WRITE = "0000fff3-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb"; final String CHAR_NOTIFY = "0000fff4-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb"; BluetoothGattService previousService = mGattServer.getService( UUID.fromString(SERVICE_A)); if(null != previousService) mGattServer.removeService(previousService); BluetoothGattCharacteristic read1Characteristic = new BluetoothGattCharacteristic( UUID.fromString(CHAR_READ1), BluetoothGattCharacteristic.PROPERTY_READ, BluetoothGattCharacteristic.PERMISSION_READ ); BluetoothGattCharacteristic read2Characteristic = new BluetoothGattCharacteristic( UUID.fromString(CHAR_READ2), BluetoothGattCharacteristic.PROPERTY_READ, BluetoothGattCharacteristic.PERMISSION_READ ); BluetoothGattCharacteristic writeCharacteristic = new BluetoothGattCharacteristic( UUID.fromString(CHAR_WRITE), BluetoothGattCharacteristic.PROPERTY_WRITE, BluetoothGattCharacteristic.PERMISSION_WRITE ); read1Characteristic.setValue(read1Data.getBytes()); read2Characteristic.setValue(read2Data.getBytes()); mWriteCallback = writeCallBack; BluetoothGattService AService = new BluetoothGattService( UUID.fromString(SERVICE_A), BluetoothGattService.SERVICE_TYPE_PRIMARY); AService.addCharacteristic(read1Characteristic); AService.addCharacteristic(read2Characteristic); AService.addCharacteristic(writeCharacteristic); final BluetoothGattCharacteristic notifyCharacteristic = new BluetoothGattCharacteristic( UUID.fromString(CHAR_NOTIFY), BluetoothGattCharacteristic.PROPERTY_NOTIFY, BluetoothGattCharacteristic.PERMISSION_READ ); notifyCharacteristic.setValue(new String("0")); AService.addCharacteristic(notifyCharacteristic); final Handler handler = new Handler(); Thread thread = new Thread() { int i = 0; @Override public void run() { while(true) { try { sleep(1500); } catch (InterruptedException e) {} handler.post(this); List<BluetoothDevice> connectedDevices = mManager.getConnectedDevices(BluetoothProfile.GATT); if(null != connectedDevices) { notifyCharacteristic.setValue(String.valueOf(i).getBytes()); if(0 != connectedDevices.size()) mGattServer.notifyCharacteristicChanged(connectedDevices.get(0), notifyCharacteristic, false); } i++; } } }; thread.start(); mGattServer.addService(AService); } public void startAdvertise(String scanRespenseName) { mAdapter.setName(scanRespenseName); advBuilder.setIncludeDeviceName(true); startAdvertise(); } public void startAdvertise() { if(null == mAdapter) return; if (null == mLeAdvertiser) mLeAdvertiser = mAdapter.getBluetoothLeAdvertiser(); if(null == mLeAdvertiser) return; mLeAdvertiser.startAdvertising(settingBuilder.build(), advBuilder.build(), mAdvCallback); } public void stopAdvertise() { if(null != mLeAdvertiser) mLeAdvertiser.stopAdvertising(mAdvCallback); mLeAdvertiser = null; } }
There is a callback interface WriteCallback to hold tthe data which the BLE has written.
MainActivity.java : (UI part)
package com.gaiger.simplebleperipheral; import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException; import android.app.Activity; import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter; import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice; import android.content.Intent; import android.os.Bundle; import android.os.Handler; import android.os.Message; import android.view.Menu; import android.view.MenuItem; import android.view.MotionEvent; import android.view.View; import android.view.View.OnClickListener; import android.widget.CheckBox; import android.widget.TextView; import android.widget.Toast; public class MainActivity extends Activity { private BLEPeripheral blePeri; private CheckBox adverstiseCheckBox; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); adverstiseCheckBox = (CheckBox) findViewById(R.id.advertise_checkBox); blePeri = new BLEPeripheral(); adverstiseCheckBox.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { if(true == adverstiseCheckBox.isChecked()) { TextView textView; textView = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.status_textView); textView.setText("advertising"); blePeri.setService(new String("GAIGER"), new String("AndroidBLE"), mWrittenCallback ); blePeri.startAdvertise(); } else { TextView textView; textView = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.status_text); textView.setText("disable"); blePeri.stopAdvertise(); } } }); adverstiseCheckBox.setEnabled(false); if(false == BLEPeripheral.isEnableBluetooth()) { Intent intentBtEnabled = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE); // The REQUEST_ENABLE_BT constant passed to startActivityForResult() is a locally defined integer (which must be greater than 0), that the system passes back to you in your onActivityResult() // implementation as the requestCode parameter. int REQUEST_ENABLE_BT = 1; startActivityForResult(intentBtEnabled, REQUEST_ENABLE_BT); Toast.makeText(this, "Please enable bluetooth and execute the application agagin.", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); } } byte[] writtenByte; BLEPeripheral.WriteCallback mWrittenCallback = new BLEPeripheral.WriteCallback() { @Override public void onWrite(byte[] data) { writtenByte = data.clone(); Thread timer = new Thread(){ public void run() { runOnUiThread(new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { TextView textView; textView = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.written_textView); try { textView.setText(new String(writtenByte, "UTF-8")); } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } } }); } }; timer.start(); } }; Runnable mCleanTextRunnable = new Runnable() { public void run() { TextView textView; textView = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.connected_textView); textView.setText("no connection"); } }; Handler mConnectTextHandler = new Handler() { @Override public void handleMessage(Message msg) { super.handleMessage(msg); String data = (String)msg.obj; switch (msg.what) { case 0: data += new String(" disconnected"); this.postDelayed(mCleanTextRunnable, 3000); break; case 2: data += new String(" connected"); break; default: break; } TextView textView; textView = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.connected_textView); textView.setText(data); } }; @Override public void onResume(){ super.onResume(); int sts; sts = blePeri.init(this); // blePeri.mConnectionCallback = new BLEPeripheral.ConnectionCallback (){ // @Override // public void onConnectionStateChange(BluetoothDevice device, int newState){ // Log.d("main","onConnectionStateChange"); // } // }; // blePeri.setConnectionCallback( new BLEPeripheral.ConnectionCallback (){ @Override public void onConnectionStateChange(BluetoothDevice device, int newState){ Message msg = new Message(); msg.what = newState; msg.obj = new String( device.getName() +" "+ device.getAddress() ); mConnectTextHandler.sendMessage(msg); } } ); if(0 > sts) { if(-1 == sts) Toast.makeText(this, "this device is without bluetooth module", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); if(-2 == sts) Toast.makeText(this, "this device do not support Bluetooth low energy", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); if(-3 == sts) Toast.makeText(this, "this device do not support to be a BLE peripheral, " + "please buy nexus 6 or 9 then try again", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); finish(); } TextView textView; textView = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.mac_textView); textView.setText(BLEPeripheral.getAddress()); adverstiseCheckBox.setEnabled(true); } @Override protected void onStop() { super.onStop(); } @Override public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) { // Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present. getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.main, menu); return true; } @Override public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) { // Handle action bar item clicks here. The action bar will // automatically handle clicks on the Home/Up button, so long // as you specify a parent activity in AndroidManifest.xml. int id = item.getItemId(); if (id == R.id.action_settings) { return true; } return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item); } }
activity_main.xml: (layout, very ugly)
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin" android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin" android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin" android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin" tools:context="com.awind.presentsenseperipheral.MainActivity" > <TextView android:id="@+id/mac_textView" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_alignTop="@+id/status_text" android:layout_marginLeft="18dp" android:layout_toRightOf="@+id/status_text" android:text="00:11:22:AA:BB:CC" android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceLarge" /> <CheckBox android:id="@+id/advertise_checkBox" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_alignParentLeft="true" android:layout_below="@+id/mac_text" android:layout_marginLeft="34dp" android:layout_marginTop="41dp" android:text="Advertise" /> <TextView android:id="@+id/status_textView" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_alignLeft="@+id/advertise_checkBox" android:layout_alignParentTop="true" android:layout_marginTop="124dp" android:text="Disable" android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceMedium" /> <TextView android:id="@+id/connected_textView" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_alignLeft="@+id/mac_text" android:layout_centerVertical="true" android:text="no connection" android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceLarge" /> <TextView android:id="@+id/written_textView" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_alignLeft="@+id/mac_text" android:layout_alignParentBottom="true" android:text="WrittenText" android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceLarge" /> </RelativeLayout>
I do not like to write too much explanation in here, One said: if you could implement, you understand it; if you could not, you know about nothing of it .
Notice the part of notifyCharacteristic ,I create a thread, which updates value and send a signal to BluetoothGattServer, to inform the BLE central the value has changed.
There is a bug in written text update: once WriteCallback::onWrite been called, the runOnUiThread for updating R.id.written_textView should be executed once. But in my code, the update would
not work. That is very minior for the purpose of demonstration BLE on Android, So, please ignore it.
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