python学习笔记-Day1

python 2到python 3的变化

a. 主要整合了模块，去重复模块
b. 修改了字符集，不用特别指明字符集即可使用中文

python 2版本使用中文时，需要指定字符集

#_*_coding:utf-8_*_

3. 获取用户输入

name = input("What is your name?")
print("Hello " + name )

4. 字符串的格式化输出

name = "alex"
print "i am %s " % name

PS: 字符串是 %s;整数 %d;浮点数%f

字符串移除空白

>>> test = ' a test text '
>>> test.strip()
'a test text'

5. 列表的基本操作
列表分片

>>> number = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
>>> number[3:6]
[4, 5, 6]

分片操作的实现需要提供两个索引作为边界，第一个索引的元素是包含在分片内的，而第二个则不包含在分片内

作业：
1.编写登陆接口
输入用户名密码

认证成功后显示欢迎信息

输错三次后锁定

#!/usr/bin/env python
import sys, os
pwd = sys.path[0]
auth_file = os.path.join(pwd, "Auth.txt")
userdict={}

def check_exist():
'''
检查文件是否存在!
:return:
'''
if os.path.exists(auth_file) and os.path.isfile(auth_file):
if os.path.getsize(auth_file) == 0:
print("%s is empty, can't auth..." % auth_file)
sys.exit(0)
else:
print("%s: No such file! Please check..." % auth_file)
sys.exit(0)

def loding_dict():
# 读取文件
with open(auth_file, 'r') as f:
Auth = f.readlines()
# 读入文件内容到字典
for line in Auth:
user_detail = line.strip('\n').split(':')
auth_user = user_detail[0]
auth_passwd = user_detail[1]
auth_check = user_detail[2]
userdict[auth_user] = {'user': auth_user, 'password': auth_passwd, "check": auth_check}

def login():
user = input("please input username: ")
passwd = input("please input password: ")
if user not in userdict.keys():
print("no such user ..")
elif int(userdict[user]['check']) < 3 :
# 密码正确显示欢迎,密码错误修改auth.txt的check字段
if passwd == userdict[user]['password']:
print('welcome %s...' % user)
sys.exit(0)
else:
print('password is invalid...')
userdict[user]['check'] = int(userdict[user]['check']) + 1
file = open(auth_file, "r+")
for item in userdict.values():
trace_text = ':'.join([item['user'], item['password'], str(item['check'])+'\n'])
file.write(trace_text)
file.close()
else:
print('user:%s is lock..' % user)

def main():
check_exist()
loding_dict()
while True:
login()

if __name__ == "__main__":
main()

2. 多级菜单
三级菜单

可依次选择进入各子菜单

所需新知识点：列表、字典

#!/usr/bin/env python
import sys

dic = {
'北京':{
'朝阳区':{
'朝阳公园':[
'公园前门',
'公园后门'
],
'团结湖':[
'大湖',
'小湖'
]
},
'海淀区':{
'国家图书馆':[
'一层',
'二层'
],
'公主坟':[
'x公主',
'y公主'
]
},
'丰台区':{
'岳各庄':[
'庄壹',
'庄贰'
],
'卢沟桥':[
'前半段',
'后半段'
]
},
'通州区':{
'运河奥体':[
'运河',
'奥体'
],
'六环':[
'五环外',
'七环内'
]
}
},
'上海':{
'浦东新区':{
'金桥':[
'xxx',
'yyy'
],
'复旦大学':[
'东门',
'西门'
]
},
'嘉定区':{
'上海国际赛车场':[
'赛道',
'观众区'
],
'同济大学':[
'南门',
'北门'
]
},
'虹口区':{
'广中路':[
'路东',
'路西'
],
'曲阳地区':[
'区1',
'区2'
]
},
'普陀区':{
'金沙江路':[
'qqq',
'sss'
],
'石泉路':[
'111',
'222'
]
}
},
}
def list_print(list):
count = 0
for i in list:
count+=1
print('%s. %s' % (count,i))

def zero():
list = []
tmp = dic.keys()
for i in tmp:
list.append(i)
#return list
while True:
list_print(list)
user_input = input('(q/Q:退出)==> ')
if user_input.isdigit():
user_input = int(user_input)
if user_input <= len(list):
a_city = list[user_input - 1]
one(a_city)
else:
print("超出了范围...")
sys.exit(0)
elif user_input == 'q' or user_input == 'Q':
print("即将退出...")
sys.exit(0)
elif user_input == '':
pass
else:
print("无效的参数...")
sys.exit(1)

def one(a_city):
list = []
tmp = dic[a_city].keys()
for i in tmp:
list.append(i)
#return  list
while True:
list_print(list)
user_input = input("(q/Q:退出,b/B:返回上一层)==> ")
if user_input.isdigit():
user_input = int(user_input)
if user_input <= len(list):
area = list[user_input - 1]
two(a_city, area)
else:
print("超出了范围...")
sys.exit(0)
elif user_input == 'q' or user_input == 'Q':
print("即将退出...")
sys.exit(0)
elif user_input == 'b' or user_input == 'B':
break
elif user_input == '':
pass
else:
print("无效的参数...")
sys.exit(1)

def two(a_city, area):
list = []
tmp = dic[a_city][area].keys()
for i in tmp:
list.append(i)
#return  list
while True:
list_print(list)
user_input = input("(q/Q:退出,b/B:返回上一层)==> ")
if user_input.isdigit():
user_input = int(user_input)
if user_input <= len(list):
some_where = list[user_input - 1]
three(a_city, area, some_where)
else:
print("超出了范围...")
sys.exit(0)
elif user_input == 'q' or user_input == 'Q':
print("即将退出...")
sys.exit(0)
elif user_input == 'b' or user_input == 'B':
break
elif user_input == '':
pass
else:
print("无效的参数...")
sys.exit(1)

def three(a_city, area, some_where):
list = dic[a_city][area][some_where]
#return  list
while True:
list_print(list)
user_input = input("(q/Q:退出,b/B:返回上一层)==> ")
if user_input == 'q' or user_input == 'Q':
print("即将退出...")
sys.exit(0)
elif user_input == 'b' or user_input == 'B':
break
elif user_input == '':
pass
else:
print("无效的参数...")
sys.exit(1)

def main():
zero()

if __name__ == '__main__':
main()