LNMP环境配置搭建

LNMP为（Linux+Nginx+Mysql+Php)的简称，本次系统环境为CentOS 6.6 Linux 2.6.32-504.el6.x86_64,Nginx和Php采用源码安装方式，Mysql采用二进制包安装方式
一、安装Nginx

1.1上传安装包

Nginx官网http://www.nginx.org,下载稳定版本1.8.1，上传至源码包目录/root/tools,没有rz命令可以安装lrzsz包。

#mkdir /root/tools
#cd /root/tools
#rz
# ll nginx-1.8.1.tar.gz
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 833473 Mar 11 16:35 nginx-1.8.1.tar.gz
#tar xf nginx-1.8.1.tar.gz
#cd nginx-1.8.1

1.2安装依赖的软件包
首先安装开发环境Development Tools

#yum groupinstall "Development Tools"

安装依赖的软件包

#yum install pcre-devel openssl-devel

1.3创建相应的用户

#useradd -r -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx

1.4编译安装

#./configure --prefix=/application/nginx-1.8.1 --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-pcre
#make
#make install

1.5创建链接

# ln -s /application/nginx-1.8.1/ /application/nginx

1.6启动服务

# /application/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /application/nginx-1.8.1/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /application/nginx-1.8.1/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
# /application/nginx/sbin/nginx
# netstat -tlunp|grep nginx
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:80                  0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      10781/nginx
# curl -I 127.0.0.1
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: nginx/1.8.1
Date: Thu, 12 May 2016 06:13:47 GMT
Content-Type: text/html
Content-Length: 24
Last-Modified: Tue, 10 May 2016 07:43:20 GMT
Connection: keep-alive
ETag: "57319118-18"
Accept-Ranges: bytes

打开浏览器测试是否可以正常访问，提示Thank you for using nginx即为正常!
加入开机自启

echo "/application/nginx/sbin/nginx" >>/etc/rc.local

二、安装Mysql
2.1上传二进制包

#cd /root/tools
#rz
#tar xf mysql-5.5.32-linux2.6-x86_64.tar.gz
#mv mysql-5.5.32-linux2.6-x86_64 /application/mysql-5.5.32
#ln -s /application/mysql-5.5.32/ /application/mysql

2.2添加用户，安装依赖包

#yum install libaio
#useradd -r -M -s /sbin/nologin mysql
#chown -R mysql:mysql /application/mysql-5.5.32/
#cd /application/mysql

2.3初始化安装
初始化安装时需看到两个OK

#cd /application/mysql
#./scripts/mysql_install_db --basedir=/application/mysql --user=mysql --datadir=/application/mysql/data

2.4添加开机自启

#cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
#cp support-files/my-small.cnf ./my.cnf
#sed -i 's#/usr/local/mysql#/application/mysql#g' /etc/init.d/mysqld
#sed -i 's#/usr/local/mysql#/application/mysql#g' /application/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe

2.5启动

#chkconfig mysqld on
#chkconfig --list mysqld
mysqld          0:off   1:off   2:on    3:on    4:on    5:on    6:off
#/etc/init.d/mysqld start
#lsof -i :3306
COMMAND   PID  USER   FD   TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME
mysqld  26754 mysql   10u  IPv4  83324      0t0  TCP *:mysql (LISTEN)

如果启动报如下错误：
ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock' (2)
则需要创建一个软链接

# mkdir /var/lib/mysql/
# chown mysql /var/lib/mysql/
# ln -s /tmp/mysql.sock /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

2.6修改密码
第一次启动修改密码：

#mysqladmin -uroot password 123456

有密码情况下修改,-p跟密码没有交互式，如果-p不跟密码，则需要交互式输入密码，安全性更高

#mysqladmin -uroot -p123456 password "newpassword"

注意事项：如果/etc/my.cnf存在，需要删除，使用自定义复制过来的配置文件，否则启动时会报错

如果使用源码安装，编译参数参考如下：

cmake \
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/application/mysql-5.6.30 \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/application/mysql-5.6.30/data \
-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \
-DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_MEMORY_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_READLINE=1 \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/application/mysql-5.6.30/mysql.sock \
-DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 \
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \
-DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH-EXTRA_CHARSETS=all \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci

make && make install

三、安装PHP
3.1上传安装包

#cd /root/tools
#rz
#tar xf php-5.5.30.tar.gz
#cd php-5.5.30

3.2安装依赖包
安装mcrypt包时需要epel源支持，可以使用阿里的云源http://mirrors.aliyun.com

#wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-6.repo[/code]如果其它版本的，请参照阿里云网站 
#yum install  make glibc php-gd gd-devel php-xml php-mbstring php-bcmath  libpng-devel  bzip2-devel curl  libcurl-devel  libssh2-devel libmcrypt-devel mhash mhash-devel mcrypt libxslt-devel zlib zlib-devel libxml2-devel libjpeg-turbo-devel libiconv-devel
  安装libiconv包
wget http://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/libiconv/libiconv-1.14.tar.gz tar xf  libiconv-1.14.tar.gz
cd libiconv-1.14
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libiconv
make && make install
将mysql库链接到标准库目录中
echo /application/mysql/lib > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf
ldconfig
3.3编译安装
./configure \
--prefix=/application/php5.5.30 \
--with-mysql=/application/mysql \
--with-iconv-dir=/usr/local/libiconv \
--with-freetype-dir \
--with-jpeg-dir \
--with-png-dir \
--with-zlib \
--with-libxml-dir= \
--enable-xml \
--disable-rpath \
--enable-bcmath \
--enable-shmop \
--enable-sysvsem \
--enable-inline-optimization \
--with-curl \
--enable-mbregex \
--enable-fpm \
--enable-mbstring \
--with-mcrypt \
--with-gd \
--enable-gd-native-ttf \
--with-openssl \
--with-mhash \
--enable-pcntl \
--enable-sockets \
--with-xmlrpc \
--enable-zip \
--enable-soap \
--enable-short-tags \
--enable-static \
--with-xsl \
--with-fpm-user=nginx \
--with-fpm-group=nginx \
--enable-ftp
如果编译参数不想直接指定mysql的路径也可使用mysqlnd代替
--with-MySQL=mysqlnd  --with-mysqli=mysqlnd
3.4修改配置文件
ln -s /application/php5.3.27/ /application/php
cd /root/tools/php-5.5.30
cp php.ini-production /application/php/lib/php.ini
cd /application/php/etc
cp  php-fpm.conf.default  php-fpm.conf
3.5启动服务
/application/php/sbin/php-fpm
# ps -ef|grep php-fpm
root     113566      1  0 12:14 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: master process (/application/php5.5.30/etc/php-fpm.conf)
nginx    113567 113566  0 12:14 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
nginx    113568 113566  0 12:14 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
root     121828 113884  0 14:50 pts/3    00:00:00 grep php-fpm
修改nginx配置文件，加入php支持
#cd /application/nginx/conf
修改nginx.conf,在server大括号内，添加一个location
location ~ \.php$ {
root           html;
fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index  index.php;
include        fastcgi.conf;
}
3.6测试
检查nginx语法并重启
/application/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /application/nginx-1.8.1/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /application/nginx-1.8.1/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
/application/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
在网站根目录新建phpinfo.php文件
<?php
phpinfo();
?>
在浏览器中输入http://127.0.0.1/phpinfo.php

出现一个php环境的页面即为正常，使用完成后删除phpinfo.php
在网站根目录新建一个testmysql.php文件
<?php
$link_id=mysql_connect('localhost','root','123456') ;
if($link_id){
echo "mysql successful !";
}else{
echo mysql_error();
}
?>
在浏览器中输入http://127.0.0.1/testmysql.php

如果提示为：mysql successful则表示php连mysql成功