ARM平台移植strace-4.11

系统环境：Ubuntu 14.04.3 LTS

源码：strace-4.11.tar.xz

交叉编译环境：arm-none-linux-gnueabi-

[zhaojq@virtual-machine]# tar -xvf strace-4.11.tar.xz

[zhaojq@virtual-machine]# cd strace-4.11/

[zhaojq@virtual-machine]# ./configure --prefix=/home/zhaojq/strace --host=arm-none-linux
CC=arm-none-linux-gnueabi-gcc LD=arm-none-linux-gnueabi-ld

[zhaojq@virtual-machine]# make

[zhaojq@virtual-machine]# make install

生成成功

交叉编译后的可执行文件在/home/zhaojq/strace目录的bin文件夹里

[zhaojq@virtual-machine strace/bin]# ls

strace strace-graph strace-log-merge

将所有文件都拷贝到ARM设备上文件系统的/bin目录里

通过strace打印出的信息，我们可以对什么时候产生了一个子线程，那个线程在等待，哪个线程被唤醒，哪个线程收到信号，哪个线程core掉有一个综合的了解，这些信息对多线程调试会起到很大的作用。

使用strace打印多线程程序信息的命令如下：

[zhaojq@ARM-machine]# strace
cat /dev/null

execve("/bin/cat", ["cat", "/dev/null"], [/* 15 vars */]) = 0

brk(NULL) = 0xbc000

uname({sysname="Linux", nodename="ARM-machine", ...}) = 0

mmap2(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x400cd000

access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

open("/lib/tls/v7l/fast-mult/half/libcrypt.so.1", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

stat64("/lib/tls/v7l/fast-mult/half", 0xbec1e420) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

open("/lib/tls/v7l/fast-mult/libcrypt.so.1", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

stat64("/lib/tls/v7l/fast-mult", 0xbec1e420) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

open("/lib/tls/v7l/half/libcrypt.so.1", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

stat64("/lib/tls/v7l/half", 0xbec1e420) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

open("/lib/tls/v7l/libcrypt.so.1", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

stat64("/lib/tls/v7l", 0xbec1e420) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

open("/lib/tls/fast-mult/half/libcrypt.so.1", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

stat64("/lib/tls/fast-mult/half", 0xbec1e420) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

open("/lib/tls/fast-mult/libcrypt.so.1", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

stat64("/lib/tls/fast-mult", 0xbec1e420) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

open("/lib/tls/half/libcrypt.so.1", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

stat64("/lib/tls/half", 0xbec1e420) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

open("/lib/tls/libcrypt.so.1", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

stat64("/lib/tls", 0xbec1e420) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

open("/lib/v7l/fast-mult/half/libcrypt.so.1", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

stat64("/lib/v7l/fast-mult/half", 0xbec1e420) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

open("/lib/v7l/fast-mult/libcrypt.so.1", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

stat64("/lib/v7l/fast-mult", 0xbec1e420) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

open("/lib/v7l/half/libcrypt.so.1", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

stat64("/lib/v7l/half", 0xbec1e420) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

open("/lib/v7l/libcrypt.so.1", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

stat64("/lib/v7l", 0xbec1e420) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

open("/lib/fast-mult/half/libcrypt.so.1", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

stat64("/lib/fast-mult/half", 0xbec1e420) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

open("/lib/fast-mult/libcrypt.so.1", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

stat64("/lib/fast-mult", 0xbec1e420) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

open("/lib/half/libcrypt.so.1", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

stat64("/lib/half", 0xbec1e420) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

open("/lib/libcrypt.so.1", O_RDONLY) = 3

read(3, "\177ELF\1\1\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0(\0\1\0\0\0@\7\0\0004\0\0\0"..., 512) = 512

fstat64(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=30224, ...}) = 0

mmap2(NULL, 221508, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x40141000

mprotect(0x40148000, 28672, PROT_NONE) = 0

mmap2(0x4014f000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0x6000) = 0x4014f000

mmap2(0x40151000, 155972, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x40151000

close(3) = 0

open("/lib/libm.so.6", O_RDONLY) = 3

read(3, "\177ELF\1\1\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0(\0\1\0\0\0\3701\0\0004\0\0\0"..., 512) = 512

fstat64(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=431680, ...}) = 0

mmap2(NULL, 463016, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x40178000

mprotect(0x401e1000, 28672, PROT_NONE) = 0

mmap2(0x401e8000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0x68000) = 0x401e8000

close(3) = 0

open("/lib/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY) = 3

read(3, "\177ELF\1\1\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0(\0\1\0\0\0000[\1\0004\0\0\0"..., 512) = 512

fstat64(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1209852, ...}) = 0

mmap2(NULL, 1246412, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x401ea000

mprotect(0x4030d000, 32768, PROT_NONE) = 0

mmap2(0x40315000, 12288, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0x123000) = 0x40315000

mmap2(0x40318000, 9420, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x40318000

close(3) = 0

mmap2(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x40078000

set_tls(0x400787e0, 0x400d58fc, 0x40078eb8, 0x400787e0, 0x400d5000) = 0

mprotect(0x401ea000, 1191936, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE) = 0

mprotect(0x401ea000, 1191936, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC) = 0

mprotect(0x40315000, 8192, PROT_READ) = 0

mprotect(0x401e8000, 4096, PROT_READ) = 0

mprotect(0x4014f000, 4096, PROT_READ) = 0

mprotect(0xb8000, 4096, PROT_READ) = 0

mprotect(0x400d4000, 4096, PROT_READ) = 0

getuid32() = 0

open("/dev/null", O_RDONLY|O_LARGEFILE) = 3

read(3, "", 4096) = 0

close(3) = 0

exit_group(0) = ?

+++ exited with 0 +++

每一行都是一条系统调用，等号左边是系统调用的函数名及其参数，右边是该调用的返回值。

strace 显示这些调用的参数并返回符号形式的值。strace 从内核接收信息，而且不需要以任何特殊的方式来构建内核。

strace参数

-c 统计每一系统调用的所执行的时间,次数和出错的次数等.

-d 输出strace关于标准错误的调试信息.

-f 跟踪由fork调用所产生的子进程.

-ff 如果提供-o filename,则所有进程的跟踪结果输出到相应的filename.pid中,pid是各进程的进程号.

-F 尝试跟踪vfork调用.在-f时,vfork不被跟踪.

-h 输出简要的帮助信息.

-i 输出系统调用的入口指针.

-q 禁止输出关于脱离的消息.

-r 打印出相对时间关于,,每一个系统调用.

-t 在输出中的每一行前加上时间信息.

-tt 在输出中的每一行前加上时间信息,微秒级.

-ttt 微秒级输出,以秒了表示时间.

-T 显示每一调用所耗的时间.

-v 输出所有的系统调用.一些调用关于环境变量,状态,输入输出等调用由于使用频繁,默认不输出.

-V 输出strace的版本信息.

-x 以十六进制形式输出非标准字符串

-xx 所有字符串以十六进制形式输出.

-a column

设置返回值的输出位置.默认 为40.

-e expr

指定一个表达式,用来控制如何跟踪.格式如下:

[qualifier=][!]value1[,value2]...

qualifier只能是 trace,abbrev,verbose,raw,signal,read,write其中之一.value是用来限定的符号或数字.默认的 qualifier是 trace.感叹号是否定符号.例如:

-eopen等价于 -e trace=open,表示只跟踪open调用.而-etrace!=open表示跟踪除了open以外的其他调用.有两个特殊的符号 all 和 none.

注意有些shell使用!来执行历史记录里的命令,所以要使用\\.

-e trace=set

只跟踪指定的系统 调用.例如:-e trace=open,close,rean,write表示只跟踪这四个系统调用.默认的为set=all.

-e trace=file

只跟踪有关文件操作的系统调用.

-e trace=process

只跟踪有关进程控制的系统调用.

-e trace=network

跟踪与网络有关的所有系统调用.

-e strace=signal

跟踪所有与系统信号有关的 系统调用

-e trace=ipc

跟踪所有与进程通讯有关的系统调用

-e abbrev=set

设定 strace输出的系统调用的结果集.-v 等与 abbrev=none.默认为abbrev=all.

-e raw=set

将指 定的系统调用的参数以十六进制显示.

-e signal=set

指定跟踪的系统信号.默认为all.如 signal=!SIGIO(或者signal=!io),表示不跟踪SIGIO信号.

-e read=set

输出从指定文件中读出 的数据.例如:

-e read=3,5

-e write=set

输出写入到指定文件中的数据.

-o filename

将strace的输出写入文件filename

-p pid

跟踪指定的进程pid.

-s strsize

指定输出的字符串的最大长度.默认为32.文件名一直全部输出.

-u username

以username 的UID和GID执行被跟踪的命令