学生信息管理系统-书本实例

写在前面

本例是南邮本科教材

<<面向对象程序设计及C++（第2版）>>

（就是下面这本，朱立华、俞琼、郭剑、朱建主编）中第六章后面的小 Project，简单的学生信息管理系统，没有 String、没有 vector，简单的类实现以及运算符重载操作。代码并不难，只是作为热身练习，不过修复 Bug 倒也耗费了不少时间。这里只做记录，mark 自己水过来的本科课程，以及现在重新回来填坑。


>-朱立华、俞琼、郭剑、朱建主编" title="">

这里基本是重现了课本上的代码，顺带解决一些

Visual Studio 2015

下旧代码出现的问题，以及一些书本不小心的错误。

程序代码

程序代码包括 5 个源码文件：

Student.h

、

Student.cpp

、

Interface.h

、

Interface.cpp

、

Main.cpp

。Student 类对应学生类，Interface 对应界面和一些对学生类的操作：浏览、查询、新增等操作，Main 函数启动程序。

代码中的输出操作本人为了保持与项目代码风格一致，刻意使用了 std::cout、std::endl 这种风格，没有使用命名空间。

Student.h

#ifndef STUDENT_H_
#define STUDENT_H_

#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <string.h>

class Person
{
protected:
char *name;
char sex;
int age;
public:
Person();
Person(char *na,char s,int a);
~Person();

};

class Student:virtual public Person
{
protected:
char speciality[20];
char number[16];
public:
Student();
Student(char *na,char s,int a,char *spec,char *num);
~Student();
Student & operator = (Student &);
operator char *();
operator char();
operator int();
friend std::ostream & operator <<(std::ostream &, const Student &);
friend std::istream & operator >>(std::istream &, Student &);

};

#endif // !STUDENT_H_

Student.cpp

#include "Student.h"

Person::Person()
{
name = NULL;
}

Person::Person(char * na, char s, int a)
{
if (na)
{
name = new char[strlen(na) + 1];
strcpy_s(name,strlen(na)+1,na);
}
sex = s;
age = a;
}

Person::~Person()
{
if (name)
{
delete[]name;
}
}

Student::Student()
{
}

Student::Student(char * na, char s, int a, char * spec, char *num): Person(na,s,a)
{
strcpy_s(speciality, strlen(spec) + 1, spec);
strcpy_s(number, strlen(num) + 1, num);
}

Student::~Student()
{

}

Student & Student::operator=(Student &st)
{
// TODO: ÔÚ´Ë´¦²åÈë return Óï¾ä
if (name)
{
delete []name;
}
if (st.name)
{
name = new char[strlen(st.name) + 1];
strcpy_s(name, strlen(st.name) + 1, st.name);
}
else
{
name = 0;
}
sex = st.sex;
age = st.age;
strcpy_s(speciality, strlen(st.speciality) + 1, st.speciality);
strcpy_s(number, strlen(st.number) + 1, st.number);
return *this;
}

Student::operator char * ()
{
return name;
}

Student::operator char ()
{
return sex;
}

Student::operator int ()
{
return age;
}

std::ostream & operator<<(std::ostream & out, const Student & stu)
{
// TODO: ÔÚ´Ë´¦²åÈë return Óï¾ä
out << stu.name << '\t';
out << stu.sex << '\t';
out << stu.age << '\t';
out << stu.speciality << "\t\t";
out << stu.number << '\n';
return out;
}

std::istream & operator >> (std::istream & in, Student & stu)
{
// TODO: ÔÚ´Ë´¦²åÈë return Óï¾ä
char temp[80];
std::cout << "Please enter a student infomation:\n";
std::cout << "Name: ";              in >> temp;
if (temp)
{
stu.name = new char[strlen(temp) + 1];
strcpy_s(stu.name, strlen(temp) + 1, temp);
}
std::cout << "Sex: ";               in >> stu.sex;
std::cout << "Age: ";               in >> stu.age;
std::cout << "Speciality: ";        in >> stu.speciality;
std::cout << "Student Number: ";    in >> stu.number;

return in;
}

Interface.h

#ifndef INTERFACE_H_
#define INTERFACE_H_

#include "Student.h"

// student number
const int N = 2;

class Interface
{
protected:
Student stu
;
int num;
public:
Interface();
void Browse();
void Run();
void Input();
void Sort();
void Statistic();
bool Search();
};

#endif // !INTERFACE_H_

Interface.cpp

#include "Interface.h"
#include <string.h>
#include <iostream>

Interface::Interface()
{
num = 0;
}

void Display()
{
std::cout << std::endl;
std::cout << "**********0. EXIT\t**********" << std::endl;
std::cout << "**********1. Input info\t**********" << std::endl;
std::cout << "**********2. Search\t**********" << std::endl;
std::cout << "**********3. Browse\t**********" << std::endl;
std::cout << "**********4. Sort by age**********" << std::endl;
std::cout << "**********5. Statistic\t**********" << std::endl;
}

void Interface::Run()
{
unsigned int choice;
do
{
Display();
std::cout << "Please choose:";
std::cin >> choice;
if (choice<0||choice>5)
{
std::cout << "the num you choose must 0~5" << std::endl;
return;
}
switch (choice)
{
case 0:break;
case 1:
Input();
break;
case 2:
Search();
break;
case 3:
Browse();
break;
case 4:
Sort();
break;
case 5:
Statistic();
break;

default:
break;
}
} while (choice);
}

void Interface::Input()
{
if (num == N)
{
std::cout << "\nInfomation was FULL !\n";
return;
}
int i = num;
std::cin >> stu[i];
num++;
}

void Interface::Browse()
{
std::cout << "\n Information about Students that you would like to check£º\n";
if (num == 0)
{
std::cout << "\n No information !\n";
return;
}
else
{
std::cout << "Name" << "\t" << "Sex" << "\t" << "Age" << "\t" << "Speciality" << "\t" << "SNumber" << "\n";
for (int i = 0; i < num; i++)
{
std::cout << stu[i];
}
}
}

void Interface::Sort()
{
std::cout << "\nSorted by age!\n";
int k = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < num - 1; i++)
{
k = i;
for (int j  = i+1; j < num; j++)
{
if ((int)(stu[k]) > (int)(stu[j]))
k = j;
}
if (k!=i)
{
// Student t=stu[k]; doesnot call for operator =
Student t;
t = stu[k];
stu[k] = stu[i];
stu[i] = t;
}
}
}

void Interface::Statistic()
{
int m = 0;
std::cout << "\nStatistic by stu sex!\n";
for (int i = 0; i < num; i++)
{
if (char(stu[i]) == 'M' || char(stu[i]) == 'm')
m++;
}
std::cout << "\nResult! Male sut num:"<<m<<"!\n";
}

bool Interface::Search()
{
char na[20];
std::cout << "\nThe stu name you want to locate:\n";
std::cin >> na;
int i = 0;
for ( ; i < num; i++)
{
if (strcmp((char*)(stu[i]), na) == 0)
break;
}

if (i == num)
{
std::cout << "\nNobody!\n";
return false;
}
else
{
std::cout << stu[i];
}
return true;
}

Main.cpp

#include "Interface.h"

int main()
{
Interface interface1;
interface1.Run();
return 0;
}