Ubuntu搭建Java开发环境

Ubuntu搭建Java开发环境

在线安装Java

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:webupd8team/java
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install oracle-java8-installer
sudo apt-get install oracle-java8-set-default

之后再运行

java -version

如果有类似下面的输出，就大功告成了！如果不能，继续Google或者百度吧。

java version "1.8.0_25"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_25-b17)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.25-b02, mixed mode)

离线安装Java

首先你要到这里把安装包下载下来。

假设现在下载了jdk-8u25-linux-x64.tar.gz，解压后得到文件夹jdk1.8.0_25。

执行以下命令，把Java移动到lib目录下。

sudo mkdir -p /usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.8.0_25/
sudo mv jdk1.8.0_25/* /usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.8.0_25/

接下来使用update-alternatives命令配置Java。

sudo update-alternatives --install "/usr/bin/java" "java" "/usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.8.0_25/bin/java" 1
sudo update-alternatives --install "/usr/bin/javac" "javac" "/usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.8.0_25/bin/javac" 1
sudo update-alternatives --install "/usr/bin/jar" "jar" "/usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.8.0_25/bin/jar" 1
sudo update-alternatives --install "/usr/bin/javadoc" "javadoc" "/usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.8.0_25/bin/javadoc" 1
sudo update-alternatives --install "/usr/bin/javah" "javah" "/usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.8.0_25/bin/javah" 1
sudo update-alternatives --install "/usr/bin/javap" "javap" "/usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.8.0_25/bin/javap" 1
sudo update-alternatives --install "/usr/bin/javaws" "javaws" "/usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.8.0_25/bin/javaws" 1
sudo update-alternatives --install "/usr/bin/jcmd" "jcmd" "/usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.8.0_25/bin/jcmd" 1
sudo update-alternatives --install "/usr/bin/jconsole" "jconsole" "/usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.8.0_25/bin/jconsole" 1
sudo update-alternatives --install "/usr/bin/jdb" "jdb" "/usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.8.0_25/bin/jdb" 1
sudo update-alternatives --install "/usr/bin/jmc" "jmc" "/usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.8.0_25/bin/jmc" 1
sudo update-alternatives --install "/usr/bin/jps" "jps" "/usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.8.0_25/bin/jps" 1
sudo update-alternatives --install "/usr/bin/jstat" "jstat" "/usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.8.0_25/bin/jstat" 1

执行结果如下。

update-alternatives: using /usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.8.0_25/bin/java to provide /usr/bin/java (java) in auto mode
update-alternatives: using /usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.8.0_25/bin/javac to provide /usr/bin/javac (javac) in auto mode
update-alternatives: using /usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.8.0_25/bin/jar to provide /usr/bin/jar (jar) in auto mode
update-alternatives: using /usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.8.0_25/bin/javadoc to provide /usr/bin/javadoc (javadoc) in auto mode
update-alternatives: using /usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.8.0_25/bin/javah to provide /usr/bin/javah (javah) in auto mode
update-alternatives: using /usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.8.0_25/bin/javap to provide /usr/bin/javap (javap) in auto mode
update-alternatives: using /usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.8.0_25/bin/javaws to provide /usr/bin/javaws (javaws) in auto mode
update-alternatives: using /usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.8.0_25/bin/jcmd to provide /usr/bin/jcmd (jcmd) in auto mode
update-alternatives: using /usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.8.0_25/bin/jconsole to provide /usr/bin/jconsole (jconsole) in auto mode
update-alternatives: using /usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.8.0_25/bin/jdb to provide /usr/bin/jdb (jdb) in auto mode
update-alternatives: using /usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.8.0_25/bin/jmc to provide /usr/bin/jmc (jmc) in auto mode
update-alternatives: using /usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.8.0_25/bin/jps to provide /usr/bin/jps (jps) in auto mode
update-alternatives: using /usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.8.0_25/bin/jstat to provide /usr/bin/jstat (jstat) in auto mode

最后执行java -version，检查安装。

$ java -version
java version "1.8.0_25"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_25-b17)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.25-b02, mixed mode)

安装eclipse

注意，eclipse要下载JEE的，不要Standard的，切记。

首先下载eclipse。

然后解压到

/opt/eclipse

。现在就能打开eclipse了，但是发现图标锁定到启动器之后打不开。

在

/usr/share/applications

目录下新建文件

eclipse.desktop

。内容如下。

[Desktop Entry]
Type=Application
Name=eclipse
Comment=Eclipse IDE
Exec=/opt/eclipse/eclipse
Icon=/opt/eclipse/icon.xpm
Categories=Development
Terminal=false

之后给这个文件赋予可执行权限。

sudo chmod +x eclipse.desktop

这时就能在启动器直接启动eclipse了。

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