从头认识多线程-2.14 解决由同步的synchronized (newobject()) 引起的脏读的方法

这一章节我们来讨论一下解决由同步的synchronized (newobject()) 引起的脏读的方法。
1.造成上面脏读的原因：多线程多方法同时访问并修改某个属性域

2.解决思路
顺着上面的原因，笔者提出两种不是方法的方法
（1）只能单线程单方法访问并修改某个属性域这样就保证了执行的顺序（也就是需要同步所有访问并修改的步骤）（缺点：性能低下，优点：数据的强一致性）
（2）在多线程多方法的情况下，只能够访问多个属性域，不能够同时访问并修改某一个单一的属性域（根本目的就是分开运算，但是，在生产环境中，的确很难把一个属性域分成2个来运算，所以，笔者更趋向于第一种方法）

3.代码清单
（1）第一个思路

package com.ray.deepintothread.ch02.topic_15;

/**
*
* @author RayLee
*
*/
public class SolutionOfDirtyRead {
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
MyService2 myService = new MyService2();
ThreadThree threadThree = new ThreadThree(myService);
Thread thread = new Thread(threadThree);
thread.start();
ThreadFour threadFour = new ThreadFour(myService);
Thread thread2 = new Thread(threadFour);
thread2.start();
}
}

class ThreadThree implements Runnable {

private MyService2 myService;

public ThreadThree(MyService2 myService) {
this.myService = myService;
}

@Override
public void run() {
try {
myService.update();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}

class ThreadFour implements Runnable {

private MyService2 myService;

public ThreadFour(MyService2 myService) {
this.myService = myService;
}

@Override
public void run() {
try {
myService.update();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}

class MyService2 {

private Integer id = 0;

public void updateA() throws InterruptedException {
synchronized (id) {
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " " + id++);
Thread.sleep(50);
}
}
}

public void updateB() throws InterruptedException {
synchronized (id) {
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " " + id++);
Thread.sleep(100);
}
}
}

public synchronized void update() throws InterruptedException {
updateA();
updateB();
}

}

输出：
Thread-0 0
Thread-0 1
Thread-0 2
Thread-0 3
Thread-0 4
Thread-0 5
Thread-0 6
Thread-0 7
Thread-0 8
Thread-0 9
Thread-1 10
Thread-1 11
Thread-1 12
Thread-1 13
Thread-1 14
Thread-1 15
Thread-1 16
Thread-1 17
Thread-1 18
Thread-1 19

我们把updateA和updateB组合成为一个方法， 然后做方法级的同步，或者将两个方法组合成方法块的同步，这样，输出的结果就可以是同步的，不会出现脏读

（2）第二种思路

package com.ray.deepintothread.ch02.topic_15;

/**
*
* @author RayLee
*
*/
public class SolutionOfDirtyRead2 {
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
MyService myService = new MyService();
ThreadOne threadOne = new ThreadOne(myService);
Thread thread = new Thread(threadOne);
thread.start();
ThreadTwo threadTwo = new ThreadTwo(myService);
Thread thread2 = new Thread(threadTwo);
thread2.start();
}
}

class ThreadOne implements Runnable {

private MyService myService;

public ThreadOne(MyService myService) {
this.myService = myService;
}

@Override
public void run() {
try {
myService.updateA();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}

class ThreadTwo implements Runnable {

private MyService myService;

public ThreadTwo(MyService myService) {
this.myService = myService;
}

@Override
public void run() {
try {
myService.updateB();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}

class MyService {

private Integer id1 = 0;

private Integer id2 = 0;

public void updateA() throws InterruptedException {
synchronized (this) {
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " id1:" + id1++);
Thread.sleep(50);
}
}
}

public void updateB() throws InterruptedException {
synchronized (this) {
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " id2:" + id2++);
Thread.sleep(100);
}
}
}

}

输出：
Thread-0 id1:0
Thread-0 id1:1
Thread-0 id1:2
Thread-0 id1:3
Thread-0 id1:4
Thread-1 id2:0
Thread-1 id2:1
Thread-1 id2:2
Thread-1 id2:3
Thread-1 id2:4

虽然输出的结果是同步的，但是也是上面所说的，一个属性域（一般是某个数的运算或者某种状态的运算）是很难分开来的。当然，如果可以分开来，这是最优解，因为既保证了同步，也保证了数据的强一致性。

总结：这一章节主要讨论了解决由同步的synchronized (newobject()) 引起的脏读的方法。

这一章节就到这里，谢谢
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
我的github：https://github.com/raylee2015/DeepIntoThread

目录：/article/7548544.html