LVM配置

摘要: 磁盘分区，PV创建，VG创建，LV创建，删除操作

介绍及需求：

服务器版本：Ubuntu 14.04

需求：一台服务器有多块硬盘，要将这些硬盘做成lvm，可以动态扩容

操作步骤:
创建配置--

将每块盘分区并格式化（我这里一共三块盘/dev/sdb,/dev/sdc,/dev/sdd,均为1T盘）

root@TESTLVM:~# fdisk /dev/sdb Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x7ef20d7d. Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous content won't be recoverable. Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite) Command (m for help): n Partition type: p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free) e extended Select (default p): p Partition number (1-4, default 1): Using default value 1 First sector (2048-2097151999, default 2048): Using default value 2048 Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-2097151999, default 2097151999): Using default value 2097151999 Command (m for help): t #分区格式 Selected partition 1 Hex code (type L to list codes): 8e #8e为LVM Changed system type of partition 1 to 8e (Linux LVM) Command (m for help): w #保存退出 The partition table has been altered! Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table. Syncing disks.

2. 按照上面的步骤依次把三块盘进行分区，分区完成后执行下面命令，使分区表生效

root@TESTLVM:~#partprobe

3. 创建PV，VG，LV
创建PV

root@TESTLVM:~#pvcreate /dev/sdb1
Physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully created

root@TESTLVM:~# pvdisplay      #查看当前PV
"/dev/sdb1" is a new physical volume of "1000.00 GiB"
--- NEW Physical volume ---
PV Name               /dev/sdb1
VG Name
PV Size               1000.00 GiB
Allocatable           NO
PE Size               0
Total PE              0
Free PE               0
Allocated PE          0
PV UUID               hFRN1p-0q7V-oWdy-fflG-qk2Z-iO8I-mIPsI6

创建VG

root@TESTLVM:~# vgcreate VolGroup01 /dev/sdb1
Volume group "VolGroup00" successfully created

#查看vg
root@TESTLVM:~# vgdisplay
--- Volume group ---
VG Name               VolGroup00
System ID
Format                lvm2
Metadata Areas        1
Metadata Sequence No  1
VG Access             read/write
VG Status             resizable
MAX LV                0
Cur LV                0
Open LV               0
Max PV                0
Cur PV                1
Act PV                1
VG Size               1000.00 GiB
PE Size               4.00 MiB
Total PE              255999
Alloc PE / Size       0 / 0
Free  PE / Size       255999 / 1000.00 GiB
VG UUID               EMzPOw-TSdS-aT61-g1aA-paSy-Q0Gt-NflwdM

创建LV（-L 大小，-n LV名字 VG名称）

root@TESTLVM:~# lvcreate -L 999G -n lvdata VolGroup01
Logical volume "lvdata" created

#查看LV信息
root@TESTLVM:~# lvdisplay
--- Logical volume ---
LV Path                /dev/VolGroup00/lvdate
LV Name                lvdate
VG Name                VolGroup00
LV UUID                Gdxczp-QWNe-UA1m-4dZx-AUjK-6DsU-4dCOO7
LV Write Access        read/write
LV Creation host, time TESTLVM, 2016-05-06 12:17:05 +0800
LV Status              available
# open                 1
LV Size                999.00 GiB
Current LE             255744
Segments               1
Allocation             inherit
Read ahead sectors     auto
- currently set to     256
Block device           252:2

4. 格式化并挂载

root@TESTLVM:~# mkfs -t ext4 /dev/VolGroup00/lvdate
mke2fs 1.42.9 (4-Feb-2014)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
65470464 inodes, 261881856 blocks
13094092 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=4294967296
7992 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,
4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872, 71663616, 78675968,
102400000, 214990848

Allocating group tables: done
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

root@TESTLVM:~# mount /dev/VolGroup00/lvdate test/

root@TESTLVM:~# df -h
Filesystem                     Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda1                  58G  1.3G   54G   3% /
none                           4.0K     0  4.0K   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
udev                           989M  4.0K  989M   1% /dev
tmpfs                          200M  572K  200M   1% /run
none                           5.0M     0  5.0M   0% /run/lock
none                          1000M     0 1000M   0% /run/shm
none                           100M     0  100M   0% /run/user
/dev/sda1                      236M   37M  188M  17% /boot
/dev/mapper/VolGroup00-lvdate  984G   72M  934G   1% /root/test

5. 系统启动时挂载LV
编辑/etc/fstab（将下面内容加入末尾）

/dev/VolGroup00/lvdate  /root/test      ext4    defaults        1 2

容量扩充：

root@TESTLVM:~# pvcreate /dev/sdc1
Physical volume "/dev/sdc1" successfully created

root@TESTLVM:~# vgextend VolGroup00 /dev/sdc1
Volume group "VolGroup00" successfully extended

root@TESTLVM:~# lvextend -L +999G /dev/VolGroup00/lvdate
Extending logical volume lvdate to 1.95 TiB
Logical volume lvdate successfully resized

root@TESTLVM:~# resize2fs /dev/VolGroup00/lvdate
resize2fs 1.42.9 (4-Feb-2014)
Filesystem at /dev/VolGroup00/lvdate is mounted on /root/test; on-line resizing required
old_desc_blocks = 63, new_desc_blocks = 125
The filesystem on /dev/VolGroup00/lvdate is now 523763712 blocks long.

root@TESTLVM:~# df -h
Filesystem                     Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-root     58G  1.3G   54G   3% /
none                           4.0K     0  4.0K   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
udev                           989M  4.0K  989M   1% /dev
tmpfs                          200M  572K  200M   1% /run
none                           5.0M     0  5.0M   0% /run/lock
none                          1000M     0 1000M   0% /run/shm
none                           100M     0  100M   0% /run/user
/dev/sda1                      236M   37M  188M  17% /boot
/dev/mapper/VolGroup00-lvdate  2.0T   71M  1.9T   1% /root/test

#之后再添加按照此步骤添加即可

删除操作：

#取消挂载
root@TESTLVM:~# umount test/
root@TESTLVM:~# df -h
Filesystem                   Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-root   58G  1.3G   54G   3% /
none                         4.0K     0  4.0K   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
udev                         989M  4.0K  989M   1% /dev
tmpfs                        200M  572K  200M   1% /run
none                         5.0M     0  5.0M   0% /run/lock
none                        1000M     0 1000M   0% /run/shm
none                         100M     0  100M   0% /run/user
/dev/sda1                    236M   37M  188M  17% /boot

#删除LV
root@TESTLVM:~# lvremove /dev/VolGroup00/lvdate
Do you really want to remove and DISCARD active logical volume lvdate? [y/n]: y
Logical volume "lvdate" successfully removed

#删除VG
root@TESTLVM:~# vgremove VolGroup00
Volume group "VolGroup00" successfully removed

#删除pv
root@TESTLVM:~# pvremove /dev/sdb1
Labels on physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully wiped
root@TESTLVM:~# pvremove /dev/sdc1
Labels on physical volume "/dev/sdc1" successfully wiped

补充：

当分区是出现以下错误时，需要将内核分区表更新

Command (m for help): w

The partition table has been altered.

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

Re-reading the partition table failed.: Device or resource busy

The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at the next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8).

更新内核分区表命令

partprobe