Linux 6下安装编译安装Nginx

Nginx是一个高性能的HTTP和反向代理服务器，也是一个IMAP/POP3/SMTP服务器。在高连接并发的情况下，Nginx是Apache服务器不错的替代品：Nginx在美国是做虚拟主机生意的老板们经常选择的软件平台之一。能够支持高达50,000个并发连接数的响应，而且内存开销极小。这也是Nginx广受欢迎的重要原因。本文演示了基于Linux 6下编译安装Nginx，供大家参考。

一、安装环境

# cat /etc/issue
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 6.3 (Santiago)
Kernel \r on an \m
# nginx -v
nginx version: nginx/1.8.0

二、配置安装环境

###为简化安装及配置，此处关闭了防火墙，生产环境建议开启
# service iptables stop
# chkconfig iptables off

# vi /etc/selinux/config
SELINUX=disabled

###创建用户及组
#groupadd -r nginx
#useradd -s /sbin/nologin -g nginx -r nginx

###安装环境依赖包 http://nginx.org/en/linux_packages.html # yum install pcre-devel zlib-devel openssl openssl-devel gcc gcc-c++

三、编译及安装Nginx

# cd /tmp/
# tar -xvf nginx-1.8.0.tar.gz
# cd /nginx-1.8.0
# ./configure                      \
--prefix=/etc/nginx                                          \
--sbin-path=/usr/sbin/nginx                                  \
--conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf                            \
--error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log                    \
--http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log                    \
--pid-path=/var/run/nginx.pid                                \
--lock-path=/var/run/nginx.lock                              \
--http-client-body-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/client_temp    \
--http-proxy-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/proxy_temp           \
--http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/fastcgi_temp       \
--http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/uwsgi_temp           \
--http-scgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/scgi_temp             \
--user=nginx                                                 \
--group=nginx                                                \
--with-http_ssl_module                                       \
--with-http_realip_module                                    \
--with-http_addition_module                                  \
--with-http_sub_module                                       \
--with-http_dav_module                                       \
--with-http_flv_module                                       \
--with-http_mp4_module                                       \
--with-http_gunzip_module                                    \
--with-http_gzip_static_module                               \
--with-http_random_index_module                              \
--with-http_secure_link_module                               \
--with-http_stub_status_module                               \
--with-http_auth_request_module                              \
--with-mail                                                  \
--with-mail_ssl_module                                       \
--with-file-aio                                              \
--with-http_spdy_module                                      \
--with-ipv6

Configuration summary
+ using system PCRE library
+ using system OpenSSL library
+ md5: using OpenSSL library
+ sha1: using OpenSSL library
+ using system zlib library

nginx path prefix: "/etc/nginx"
nginx binary file: "/usr/sbin/nginx"
nginx configuration prefix: "/etc/nginx"
nginx configuration file: "/etc/nginx/nginx.conf"
nginx pid file: "/var/run/nginx.pid"
nginx error log file: "/var/log/nginx/error.log"
nginx http access log file: "/var/log/nginx/access.log"
nginx http client request body temporary files: "/var/cache/nginx/client_temp"
nginx http proxy temporary files: "/var/cache/nginx/proxy_temp"
nginx http fastcgi temporary files: "/var/cache/nginx/fastcgi_temp"
nginx http uwsgi temporary files: "/var/cache/nginx/uwsgi_temp"
nginx http scgi temporary files: "/var/cache/nginx/scgi_temp"

###如果apache httpd服务启动，建议先停止或更改端口号
# service httpd stop
# mkdir -p /var/cache/nginx/{client_temp,proxy_temp,fastcgi_temp,uwsgi_temp,scgi_temp}
# make && make install

###启动nginx
# /usr/sbin/nginx -c /etc/nginx/nginx.conf

# ps -ef|grep nginx|grep -v grep
root      33412      1  0 10:18 ?        00:00:00 nginx: master process /usr/sbin/nginx -c /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
nginx     33413  33412  0 10:18 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process

[root@orasrv1 cache]# netstat -nltp|grep 80
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:80                  0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      33412/nginx
[root@orasrv1 cache]#

四、配置nginx为系统服务

vi /etc/init.d/nginx

#!/bin/bash
# nginx Startup script for the Nginx HTTP Server
# chkconfig: - 85 15
# description: Nginx is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse \
#               proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server
# Author : Leshami
# Blog   : http://blog.csdn.net/leshami # processname: nginx
# pidfile: /var/run/nginx.pid
# config: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf

#path for nginx binary
nginxd=/usr/sbin/nginx

#path for nginx configuration
nginx_config=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf

#path for nginx pid
nginx_pid=/var/run/nginx.pid
RETVAL=0
prog="nginx"
# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
# Source networking configuration.
. /etc/sysconfig/network
# Check that networking is up.
[ ${NETWORKING} = "no" ] && exit 0
[ -x $nginxd ] || exit 0
# Start nginx daemons functions.
start() {
if [ -e $nginx_pid ];then
echo "nginx already running...."
exit 1
fi
echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
daemon $nginxd -c ${nginx_config}
RETVAL=$?
echo
[ $RETVAL = 0 ] && touch /var/lock/subsys/nginx
return $RETVAL
}
# Stop nginx daemons functions.
stop() {
echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
killproc $nginxd
RETVAL=$?
echo
[ $RETVAL = 0 ] && rm -f /var/lock/subsys/nginx /var/run/nginx.pid
}
# reload nginx service functions.
reload() {
echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
#kill -HUP `cat ${nginx_pid}`
killproc $nginxd -HUP
RETVAL=$?
echo
}
# See how we were called.
case "$1" in
start)
start
;;
stop)
stop
;;
reload)
reload
;;
restart)
stop
start
;;
status)
status $prog
RETVAL=$?
;;
*)
echo $"Usage: $prog {start|stop|restart|reload|status|help}"
exit 1
esac
exit $RETVAL

# chmod u+x /etc/init.d/nginx

# service nginx start
Starting nginx:                                            [  OK  ]

# ps -ef|grep nginx |grep -v grep
root      33534      1  0 10:33 ?        00:00:00 nginx: master process /usr/sbin/nginx -c /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
nginx     33535  33534  0 10:33 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process

# service nginx stop
Stopping nginx:                                            [  OK  ]

# chkconfig --add nginx
# chkconfig nginx on

五、安装过程中的常见故障

./configure: error: the HTTP rewrite module requires the PCRE library.
You can either disable the module by using --without-http_rewrite_module
option, or install the PCRE library into the system, or build the PCRE library
statically from the source with nginx by using --with-pcre=<path> option.

./configure: error: the HTTP gzip module requires the zlib library.
You can either disable the module by using --without-http_gzip_module
option, or install the zlib library into the system, or build the zlib library
statically from the source with nginx by using --with-zlib=<path> option.
### 以上2个错误，请安装相应的依赖包，见本文第二部分：配置安装环境

# /usr/sbin/nginx
nginx: [emerg] getpwnam("nginx") failed
### 需要创建nginx用户组及用户

# /usr/sbin/nginx
nginx: [emerg] mkdir() "/var/cache/nginx/client_temp" failed (2: No such file or directory)
### 需要创建对应的目录