centos下安装nginx

1、安装nginx

linux环境下安装nginx教程

先获取包wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.8.0.tar.gz 或者http://nginx.org/download/下载最新版

cp nginx-1.8.0.tar.gz /usr/local

cd /usr/local

tar -zxvf nginx-1.8.0.tar.gz

linux环境下安装nginx教程

解压完毕，进去，安装。

cd nginx-1.8.0

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx-1.8.0 \--with-http_ssl_module \--with-http_spdy_module \--with-http_stub_status_module \--with-pcre

执行这个命令

make && make install

之后进入安装目录

然后 启动 ./sbin/nginx

至此 安装完毕了。

修改conf/nginx.conf 来完成配置

启动nginx 服务

./sbin/nginx

重启nginx 服务

./sbin/nginx -s reload/quit

停止nginx 服务

./sbin/nginx -s stop

重新编译文件

./sbin/nginx -t

注：

-t 即为 ： test

安装软件包：

./configure --help 查看需要安装的文件

注意：

安装过程过常出现问题：

1、 cc错误： ./configure：error:c compiler cc is not found ---- yum -y install gcc

2、 pcre错误： ./configure：error:the http rewrite module requires the PCRE librery ---- yum -y instanll pcre-decel

3、 openssl错误： ./configure：error:SSL module requires the OPENSSL librery ---- yum -y install openssl-devel

查看状态以及常用命令：

查看运行的状态：ps
anx | grep nginx

-?, -h	Print help.
-v	Print version.
-V	Print NGINX version, compiler version and configure parameters.
-t	Don’t run, just test the configuration file. NGINX checks configuration for correct syntax and then try to open files referred in configuration.
-q	Suppress non-error messages during configuration testing.
-s signal	Send signal to a master process: stop, quit, reopen, reload. (version >= 0.7.53)
-p prefix	Set prefix path (default: /usr/local/nginx/ ). (version >= 0.7.53)
-c filename	Specify which configuration file NGINX should use instead of the default.
-g directives	Set global directives. (version >= 0.7.4)

ngnix的信号控制：kill -hup 进程号

TERM, INT	Quick shutdown
QUIT	Graceful shutdown
KILL	Halts a stubborn process
HUP	Configuration reload Start the new worker processes with a new configuration Gracefully shutdown the old worker processes
USR1	Reopen the log files
USR2	Upgrade Executable on the fly
WINCH	Gracefully shutdown the worker processes

详细参数：https://www.nginx.com/resources/wiki/start/topics/tutorials/commandline/#stopping-or-restarting-nginx

使用自己的域名解析：

vi vi /etc/hosts 增加需要临时映射的域名

2、 nginx.conf 的配置详解

#身份的信息，用什么身份启动NGINX

#user nobody;

#-- 开启多少个进程

worker_processes 1;

#error_log logs/error.log;

#error_log logs/error.log notice;

#error_log logs/error.log info;

#pid logs/nginx.pid;

events {

#-- 表示一个进程可运行1024，配置是worker_processes的个数*1024

worker_connections 1024;

}

http {

#文件的类型，doc/text/html

include mime.types;

default_type application/octet-stream;

# 定义Lo的格式

#log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '

# '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '

# '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

# 开始使用main

#access_log logs/access.log main;

sendfile on;

#tcp_nopush on;

#keepalive_timeout 0;

keepalive_timeout 65;

#gzip on;

# 主配置，可有多个

server {

# 提供外网的端口

listen 80;

# 提供的域名

server_name localhost;

# 字符集

#charset koi8-r;

#access_log logs/host.access.log main;

# 访问的界面，如：www.baidu.com/,及访问的是/

location / {

root html;

index index.html index.htm;

}

#error_page 404 /404.html;

# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html

# 错误界面处理

error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;

location = /50x.html {

root html;

}

# proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80

#

#location ~ \.php$ {

# proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1;
#}

# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000

#

#location ~ \.php$ {

# root html;

# fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;

# fastcgi_index index.php;

# fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;

# include fastcgi_params;

#}

# deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root

# concurs with nginx's one

#

#location ~ /\.ht {

# deny all;

#}

}

# another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration

#

#server {

# listen 8000;

# listen somename:8080;

# server_name somename alias another.alias;

# location / {

# root html;

# index index.html index.htm;

# }

#}

# HTTPS 的配置

# HTTPS server

#

#server {

# listen 443 ssl;

# server_name localhost;

# ssl_certificate cert.pem;

# ssl_certificate_key cert.key;

# ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m;

# ssl_session_timeout 5m;

# ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;

# ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;

# location / {

# root html;

# index index.html index.htm;

# }

#}

}

3、负载均衡

HttpProxyModule 代理模块

HttpUpstreamModule 负载均衡模块

整体思路框架：

nginx.cinf

全局配置

http{

# 服务器的概念

#max_fails=3 fail_timeout=30s weight=2 选填

#max_fail:转换的次数，超出次数则表示服务器挂了

#fail_timeou:超出的时间

#weight:优先级1位最大

#weight

upstream test{

server 192.168.31.187 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=30s weight=2;

server 192.168.31.188;

...

}

server{

listen 80;

server_name www.baidu.com;

location / {

proxy_pass http://test;
# 设置调度日志的信息，包括ip时间以及访问的地址

proxy_set_head X-Fowarded_for $remote_addr

}

}

}

参数详解如下：
http://www.cnblogs.com/sunxucool/p/3225818.html http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_59d226590101c9y6.html http://www.cnblogs.com/xiaogangqq123/archive/2011/03/02/1969006.html
4、链接服务器的Apache的服务器，tomcat、、、、、