LeetCode 272. Closest Binary Search Tree Value II(二叉搜索树查找)
2016-04-13 06:15
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原题网址:https://leetcode.com/problems/closest-binary-search-tree-value-ii/
Given a non-empty binary search tree and a target value, find k values in the BST that are closest to the target.
Note:
Given target value is a floating point.
You may assume k is always valid, that is: k ≤ total nodes.
You are guaranteed to have only one unique set of k values in the BST that are closest to the target.
Follow up:
Assume that the BST is balanced, could you solve it in less than O(n) runtime (where n = total nodes)?
Hint:
Consider implement these two helper functions:
Try to assume that each node has a parent pointer, it makes the problem much easier.
Without parent pointer we just need to keep track of the path from the root to the current node using a stack.
You would need two stacks to track the path in finding predecessor and successor node separately.
思路:二叉搜索树的中序遍历是一个有序数列,假设有一个长度为k的双端队列,我们只需要遍历的时候,把遍历到的节点加入到队尾,如果队列长度超过k,则需要从对头或者队尾删除掉一个。
也可以使用两个栈来从小到大、从大到小来排序 ,即从两端向中间收敛,参考:https://leetcode.com/discuss/55240/ac-clean-java-solution-using-two-stacks
Given a non-empty binary search tree and a target value, find k values in the BST that are closest to the target.
Note:
Given target value is a floating point.
You may assume k is always valid, that is: k ≤ total nodes.
You are guaranteed to have only one unique set of k values in the BST that are closest to the target.
Follow up:
Assume that the BST is balanced, could you solve it in less than O(n) runtime (where n = total nodes)?
Hint:
Consider implement these two helper functions:
getPredecessor(N), which returns the next smaller node to N.
getSuccessor(N), which returns the next larger node to N.
Try to assume that each node has a parent pointer, it makes the problem much easier.
Without parent pointer we just need to keep track of the path from the root to the current node using a stack.
You would need two stacks to track the path in finding predecessor and successor node separately.
思路:二叉搜索树的中序遍历是一个有序数列,假设有一个长度为k的双端队列,我们只需要遍历的时候,把遍历到的节点加入到队尾,如果队列长度超过k,则需要从对头或者队尾删除掉一个。
/** * Definition for a binary tree node. * public class TreeNode { * int val; * TreeNode left; * TreeNode right; * TreeNode(int x) { val = x; } * } */ public class Solution { private LinkedList<Integer> result = new LinkedList<>(); private void traverse(TreeNode root, double target, int k) { if (root.left != null) traverse(root.left, target, k); if (result.size() < k) result.add(root.val); else if (Math.abs(root.val-target) < Math.abs(result.getFirst()-target)) { result.addLast(root.val); result.removeFirst(); } else { return; } if (root.right != null) traverse(root.right, target, k); } public List<Integer> closestKValues(TreeNode root, double target, int k) { if (root == null) return result; traverse(root, target, k); return result; } }
也可以使用两个栈来从小到大、从大到小来排序 ,即从两端向中间收敛,参考:https://leetcode.com/discuss/55240/ac-clean-java-solution-using-two-stacks
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