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LayoutInflater的使用

2016-03-16 11:32 429 查看
这个标题起的有点夸张哈,但是LayoutInflater这个类的一些用法,在Android开发者使用的过程中,确实存在着一些很普遍的误区,最起码我研究的这么多小项目的源代码,基本上都在错误的使用这个类。今天,看到了一篇文章讲LayoutInflater的用法,瞬间感觉自己对这个类确实不够了解,于是简单的看了下LayoutInflater类的源代码,对这个类有了新的认识。首先,LayoutInflater这个类是用来干嘛的呢?我们最常用的便是LayoutInflater的inflate方法,这个方法重载了四种调用方式,分别为:1. public View inflate(int resource, ViewGroup root)2. public View inflate(int resource, ViewGroup root, boolean attachToRoot)3.public View inflate(XmlPullParser parser, ViewGroup root)4.public View inflate(XmlPullParser parser, ViewGroup root, boolean attachToRoot)这四种使用方式中,我们最常用的是第一种方式,inflate方法的主要作用就是将xml转换成一个View对象,用于动态的创建布局。虽然重载了四个方法,但是这四种方法最终调用的,还是第四种方式。第四种方式也很好理解,内部实现原理就是利用Pull解析器,对Xml文件进行解析,然后返回View对象。我们以我们经常使用的第一种形式为例,你在重写BaseAdapter的getView方法的时候是否这样做过
public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
if (convertView == null) {
convertView = inflate(R.layout.item_row, null);
}
return convertView;
}

inflate方法有三个参数,分别是
1.resource布局的资源id2.root填充的根视图3.attachToRoot是否将载入的视图绑定到根视图中在这个例子中,我们将root参数设为空,功能确实实现了,但是这里还隐藏着一个隐患,这种方式并不是inflate正确的使用姿势,下面我们通过一个Demo,来说一下这样使用造成的弊端。首先,我们建立一个这样的项目<喎�"http://www.2cto.com/kf/ware/vc/" target="_blank" class="keylink">vcD4KPHA+1eLA78j9uPa958Pmo6zSu7j21ve958Pmo6zBvbj2suLK1L3nw+ajrLK8vtbOxLz+1tCjrNb3vefD5ta7uLrU8L3nw+bM+Neqo6zBvbj2suLK1L3nw+a2vMrH0ru49rzytaW1xExpc3R2aWV3o6xpdGVtsry+1s/Uyr7Qp7n7yOfPwjwvcD4KPHA+PGltZyBzcmM9"http://www.2cto.com/uploadfile/Collfiles/20140701/20140701085327132.jpg"
alt="\">对应的布局文件如下
OneActivity的代码如下
public class OneActivity extends Activity {private ListView list1;@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_one);
list1 = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.list1);
list1.setAdapter(new MyAdapter(this));
}private class MyAdapter extends BaseAdapter {private LayoutInflater inflater;MyAdapter(Context context) {
inflater = LayoutInflater.from(context);
}@Override
public int getCount() {
return 20;
}@Override
public Object getItem(int position) {
return position;
}@Override
public long getItemId(int position) {
return position;
}@Override
public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {if (convertView == null) {
convertView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.item_list, null);
}
TextView tv = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.tv);
tv.setText(position+"");
return convertView;
}}}
TwoActivity的代码如下
public class TwoActivity extends Activity {
private ListView list2;@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_two);
list2 = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.list2);
list2.setAdapter(new MyAdapter(this));
}private class MyAdapter extends BaseAdapter {private LayoutInflater inflater;MyAdapter(Context context) {
inflater = LayoutInflater.from(context);
}@Override
public int getCount() {
return 20;
}@Override
public Object getItem(int position) {
return position;
}@Override
public long getItemId(int position) {
return position;
}@Override
public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {if (convertView == null) {
convertView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.item_list, parent,false);
}
TextView tv = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.tv);
tv.setText(position + "");
return convertView;
}}}
两个文件最关键的区别就一句话,
在getView方法中,OneActivity是convertView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.item_list, null);在getView方法中,TwoActivity是convertView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.item_list, parent,false);我们先看一下显示效果,再说两者的区别OneActivity效果TwoActivity的显示效果我们可以很明显的看出来,使用第一种方式,根布局的高度设置60dp没有起作用,系统还是按照包裹内容的方式加载的,为什么会产生这种效果呢?我们从需要inflate方法的源代码中找一下答案。首先,方式一的源代码实现
public View inflate(XmlPullParser parser, ViewGroup root) {
return inflate(parser, root, root != null);
}
当我们使用方式一,并且第二个参数传入null的时候,默认调用的是下面的方法,并且attachToRoot是false
public View inflate(int resource, ViewGroup root, boolean attachToRoot) {
if (DEBUG) System.out.println("INFLATING from resource: " + resource);
XmlResourceParser parser = getContext().getResources().getLayout(resource);
try {
return inflate(parser, root, attachToRoot);
} finally {
parser.close();
}
}
在这一个方法中,pull解析器将资源id转化成XmlResourceParser对象,又传给了第四种方式,所以我们需要重点看的还是第四种方式是如何实现的
public View inflate(XmlPullParser parser, ViewGroup root, boolean attachToRoot) {
synchronized (mConstructorArgs) {
Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_VIEW, "inflate");final AttributeSet attrs = Xml.asAttributeSet(parser);
Context lastContext = (Context)mConstructorArgs[0];
mConstructorArgs[0] = mContext;
View result = root;try {
// Look for the root node.
int type;
while ((type = parser.next()) != XmlPullParser.START_TAG &&
type != XmlPullParser.END_DOCUMENT) {
// Empty
}if (type != XmlPullParser.START_TAG) {
throw new InflateException(parser.getPositionDescription()
+ ": No start tag found!");
}final String name = parser.getName();if (DEBUG) {
System.out.println("**************************");
System.out.println("Creating root view: "
+ name);
System.out.println("**************************");
}if (TAG_MERGE.equals(name)) {
if (root == null || !attachToRoot) {
throw new InflateException(" can be used only with a valid "
+ "ViewGroup root and attachToRoot=true");
}rInflate(parser, root, attrs, false);
} else {
// Temp is the root view that was found in the xml
View temp;
if (TAG_1995.equals(name)) {
temp = new BlinkLayout(mContext, attrs);
} else {
temp = createViewFromTag(root, name, attrs);
}ViewGroup.LayoutParams params = null;if (root != null) { if (DEBUG) { System.out.println("Creating params from root: " + root); } // Create layout params that match root, if supplied params = root.generateLayoutParams(attrs); if (!attachToRoot) { // Set the layout params for temp if we are not // attaching. (If we are, we use addView, below) temp.setLayoutParams(params); } }if (DEBUG) {
System.out.println("-----> start inflating children");
}
// Inflate all children under temp
rInflate(parser, temp, attrs, true);
if (DEBUG) {
System.out.println("-----> done inflating children");
}// We are supposed to attach all the views we found (int temp)
// to root. Do that now.
if (root != null && attachToRoot) {
root.addView(temp, params);
}// Decide whether to return the root that was passed in or the
// top view found in xml.
if (root == null || !attachToRoot) {
result = temp;
}
}} catch (XmlPullParserException e) {
InflateException ex = new InflateException(e.getMessage());
ex.initCause(e);
throw ex;
} catch (IOException e) {
InflateException ex = new InflateException(
parser.getPositionDescription()
+ ": " + e.getMessage());
ex.initCause(e);
throw ex;
} finally {
// Don't retain static reference on context.
mConstructorArgs[0] = lastContext;
mConstructorArgs[1] = null;
}Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_VIEW);return result;
}
}
代码比较长,我们重点关注下面的代码
if (root != null) {
if (DEBUG) {
System.out.println("Creating params from root: " +
root);
}
// Create layout params that match root, if supplied
params = root.generateLayoutParams(attrs);
if (!attachToRoot) {
// Set the layout params for temp if we are not
// attaching. (If we are, we use addView, below)
temp.setLayoutParams(params);
}
}
这些代码的意思就是,当我们传进来的root参数不是空的时候,并且attachToRoot是false的时候,也就是上面的TwoActivity的实现方式的时候,会给temp设置一个LayoutParams参数。那么这个temp又是干嘛的呢?
// We are supposed to attach all the views we found (int temp)
// to root. Do that now.
if (root != null && attachToRoot) {
root.addView(temp, params);
}// Decide whether to return the root that was passed in or the
// top view found in xml.
if (root == null || !attachToRoot) {
result = temp;
}
现在应该明白了吧,当我们传进来的root不是null,并且第三个参数是false的时候,这个temp就被加入到了root中,并且把root当作最终的返回值返回了。而当我们设置root为空的时候,没有设置LayoutParams参数的temp对象,作为返回值返回了。因此,我们可以得出下面的结论:
1.若我们采用convertView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.item_list, null);方式填充视图,item布局中的根视图的layout_XX属性会被忽略掉,然后设置成默认的包裹内容方式
2.如果我们想保证item的视图中的参数不被改变,我们需要使用convertView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.item_list, parent,false);这种方式进行视图的填充
3.除了使用这种方式,我们还可以设置item布局的根视图为包裹内容,然后设置内部控件的高度等属性,这样就不会修改显示方式了。[/code]
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