RMAN之恢复服务器参数文件
2016-03-15 21:09
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1.首先将数据库至于归档模式。
[oracle@BD02 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Tue Mar 15 20:39:22 2016 Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options SQL> shutdown immediate Database closed. Database dismounted. ORACLE instance shut down. SQL> startup mount ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 1653518336 bytes Fixed Size 2253784 bytes Variable Size 1023413288 bytes Database Buffers 620756992 bytes Redo Buffers 7094272 bytes Database mounted. SQL> alter database archivelog; Database altered. SQL> alter database open; Database altered. SQL> exit Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
2.做一次全库备份
[oracle@BD02 ~]$ rman target / Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on Tue Mar 15 20:40:52 2016 Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. connected to target database: ORCL (DBID=1434005102) RMAN> backup database plus archivelog; Starting backup at 15-MAR-16 current log archived using target database control file instead of recovery catalog allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=42 device type=DISK channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log backup set channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying archived log(s) in backup set input archived log thread=1 sequence=24 RECID=1 STAMP=906583293 channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 15-MAR-16 channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 15-MAR-16 piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL/backupset/2016_03_15/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20160315T204134_cgj0qych_.bkp tag=TAG20160315T204134 comment=NONE channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01 Finished backup at 15-MAR-16 Starting backup at 15-MAR-16 using channel ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set input datafile file number=00001 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf input datafile file number=00002 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf input datafile file number=00005 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/example01.dbf input datafile file number=00003 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/undotbs01.dbf input datafile file number=00004 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 15-MAR-16 channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 15-MAR-16 piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL/backupset/2016_03_15/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20160315T204135_cgj0qzz0_.bkp tag=TAG20160315T204135 comment=NONE channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:01:15 channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set including current control file in backup set including current SPFILE in backup set channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 15-MAR-16 channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 15-MAR-16 piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL/backupset/2016_03_15/o1_mf_ncsnf_TAG20160315T204135_cgj0td1y_.bkp tag=TAG20160315T204135 comment=NONE channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01 Finished backup at 15-MAR-16 Starting backup at 15-MAR-16 current log archived using channel ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log backup set channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying archived log(s) in backup set input archived log thread=1 sequence=25 RECID=2 STAMP=906583374 channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 15-MAR-16 channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 15-MAR-16 piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL/backupset/2016_03_15/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20160315T204254_cgj0tgg0_.bkp tag=TAG20160315T204254 comment=NONE channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01 Finished backup at 15-MAR-16 RMAN> shutdown immediate database closed database dismounted Oracle instance shut down RMAN> exit Recovery Manager complete.
3.删除initORCL.ora和spfileORCL.ora文件
[oracle@BD02 dbs]$ rm spfileORCL.ora <span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">initORCL.ora</span>
4.恢复spfile
因为这里所有的初始化参数文件都删除了,需要设定DBID,我们还有一个疑问就是印象中没有了初始化参数文件,一般是不能启动实例的,不过RMAN倒是可以,其实我做过尝试。从自动备份中还原spfile,但是没成功,这就是为什么要设置DBID的原因了,但是设置了DBID后也没能找到,我尝试了从备份集中找,恢复完必须关闭,这个想想也能知道,不是用我们自己的服务器参数文件启动的,所以得关闭,重新启动,如下。[oracle@BD02 ~]$ export ORACLE_SID=ORCL [oracle@BD02 ~]$ rman target / Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on Tue Mar 15 20:44:51 2016 Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. connected to target database (not started) RMAN> startup nomount Oracle instance started Total System Global Area 1653518336 bytes Fixed Size 2253784 bytes Variable Size 1006636072 bytes Database Buffers 637534208 bytes Redo Buffers 7094272 bytes RMAN> shutdown immediate using target database control file instead of recovery catalog Oracle instance shut down RMAN> startup nomount connected to target database (not started) startup failed: ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters LRM-00109: could not open parameter file '/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/initORCL.ora' starting Oracle instance without parameter file for retrieval of spfile Oracle instance started Total System Global Area 1068937216 bytes Fixed Size 2260088 bytes Variable Size 281019272 bytes Database Buffers 780140544 bytes Redo Buffers 5517312 bytes RMAN> restore spfile from autobckup; RMAN-00571: =========================================================== RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS =============== RMAN-00571: =========================================================== RMAN-00558: error encountered while parsing input commands RMAN-01009: syntax error: found "identifier": expecting one of: "autobackup, tag, double-quoted-string, single-quoted-string" RMAN-01008: the bad identifier was: autobckup RMAN-01007: at line 1 column 21 file: standard input RMAN> set DBID=1434005102 executing command: SET DBID RMAN> restore spfile from autobackup; Starting restore at 15-MAR-16 using channel ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: looking for AUTOBACKUP on day: 20160315 channel ORA_DISK_1: looking for AUTOBACKUP on day: 20160314 channel ORA_DISK_1: looking for AUTOBACKUP on day: 20160313 channel ORA_DISK_1: looking for AUTOBACKUP on day: 20160312 channel ORA_DISK_1: looking for AUTOBACKUP on day: 20160311 channel ORA_DISK_1: looking for AUTOBACKUP on day: 20160310 channel ORA_DISK_1: looking for AUTOBACKUP on day: 20160309 channel ORA_DISK_1: no AUTOBACKUP in 7 days found RMAN-00571: =========================================================== RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS =============== RMAN-00571: =========================================================== RMAN-03002: failure of restore command at 03/15/2016 20:49:57 RMAN-06172: no AUTOBACKUP found or specified handle is not a valid copy or piece RMAN> restore spfile from '/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL/backupset/2016_03_15/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20160315T204134_cgj0qych_.bkp'; Starting restore at 15-MAR-16 using channel ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring spfile from AUTOBACKUP /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL/backupset/2016_03_15/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20160315T204134_cgj0qych_.bkp RMAN-00571: =========================================================== RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS =============== RMAN-00571: =========================================================== RMAN-03002: failure of restore command at 03/15/2016 20:50:58 ORA-19870: error while restoring backup piece /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL/backupset/2016_03_15/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20160315T204134_cgj0qych_.bkp ORA-19626: backup set type is archived log - can not be processed by this conversation RMAN> restore spfile from '/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL/backupset/2016_03_15/o1_mf_ncsnf_TAG20160315T204135_cgj0td1y_.bkp'; Starting restore at 15-MAR-16 using channel ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring spfile from AUTOBACKUP /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL/backupset/2016_03_15/o1_mf_ncsnf_TAG20160315T204135_cgj0td1y_.bkp channel ORA_DISK_1: SPFILE restore from AUTOBACKUP complete Finished restore at 15-MAR-16 RMAN> alter database mount; RMAN-00571: =========================================================== RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS =============== RMAN-00571: =========================================================== RMAN-03002: failure of alter db command at 03/15/2016 20:52:03 ORA-00205: error in identifying control file, check alert log for more info RMAN> shutdown immediate Oracle instance shut down RMAN> startup; connected to target database (not started) Oracle instance started database mounted database opened Total System Global Area 1653518336 bytes Fixed Size 2253784 bytes Variable Size 1006636072 bytes Database Buffers 637534208 bytes Redo Buffers 7094272 bytes RMAN> exit
其实,我们甚至可以在还原的时候直接将spfile还原成pfile
restore spfile to pfile '.../...' from '...';
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