mac下使用Xcode编译运行tinyhttpd
2016-03-08 19:18
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mac下使用Xcode编译运行tinyhttpd
环境
OS X Yosemite 10.10.5 Xcode 7.2.1(7C1002)
准备
下载tinyhttpd源代码,新建Xcode工程,直接将源代码代码复制到工程。
编译
提示没有符合的getsockname和pthtread_ceate方法 getsockname按照声明的修改了一下,给第三个参数加上了强制转换就好了。 pthtread_create的问题则要曲折些,需要修改线程函数accept_request。 线程函数需要定义成(void*)(void*)类型。
运行
在Xcode里运行程序,在输出区可以看到端口号xxx,记下来 在活动监视器中找到进程所在的文件夹,在这个文件夹下面新建一个htdocs。 然后在htdocs下新建一个index.html文件,文件里只输入一句hello就行。 在地址栏输入:http://localhost:xxx,然后键入回车。此时可以看到一个空白网页显示一句hello。
参考资料
《Xcode c c++ 多线程 pthread_create》 博客地址:http://blog.csdn.net/mazhen1986/article/details/7447745 带注释的tinyhttpd源代码来自: 《【源码剖析】tinyhttpd —— C 语言实现最简单的 HTTP 服务器》 博客地址:http://blog.csdn.net/jcjc918/article/details/42129311
可运行的源代码
* J. David's webserver */ /* This is a simple webserver. * Created November 1999 by J. David Blackstone. * CSE 4344 (Network concepts), Prof. Zeigler * University of Texas at Arlington */ /* This program compiles for Sparc Solaris 2.6. * To compile for Linux: * 1) Comment out the #include <pthread.h> line. * 2) Comment out the line that defines the variable newthread. * 3) Comment out the two lines that run pthread_create(). * 4) Uncomment the line that runs accept_request(). * 5) Remove -lsocket from the Makefile. */ #include <stdio.h> #include <sys/socket.h> #include <sys/types.h> #include <netinet/in.h> #include <arpa/inet.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <ctype.h> #include <strings.h> #include <string.h> #include <sys/stat.h> #include <pthread.h> #include <sys/wait.h> #include <stdlib.h> #define ISspace(x) isspace((int)(x)) #define SERVER_STRING "Server: jdbhttpd/0.1.0\r\n" void* accept_request(void*); void bad_request(int); void cat(int, FILE *); void cannot_execute(int); void error_die(const char *); void execute_cgi(int, const char *, const char *, const char *); int get_line(int, char *, int); void headers(int, const char *); void not_found(int); void serve_file(int, const char *); int startup(u_short *); void unimplemented(int); /**********************************************************************/ /* A request has caused a call to accept() on the server port to * return. Process the request appropriately. * Parameters: the socket connected to the client */ /**********************************************************************/ void* accept_request(void* cli) { int client = *(int*)cli; char buf[1024]; int numchars; char method[255]; char url[255]; char path[512]; size_t i, j; struct stat st; int cgi = 0; /* becomes true if server decides this is a CGI program */ char *query_string = NULL; /*得到请求的第一行*/ numchars = get_line(client, buf, sizeof(buf)); i = 0; j = 0; /*把客户端的请求方法存到 method 数组*/ while (!ISspace(buf[j]) && (i < sizeof(method) - 1)) { method[i] = buf[j]; i++; j++; } method[i] = '\0'; /*如果既不是 GET 又不是 POST 则无法处理 */ if (strcasecmp(method, "GET") && strcasecmp(method, "POST")) { unimplemented(client); return 0; } /* POST 的时候开启 cgi */ if (strcasecmp(method, "POST") == 0) cgi = 1; /*读取 url 地址*/ i = 0; while (ISspace(buf[j]) && (j < sizeof(buf))) j++; while (!ISspace(buf[j]) && (i < sizeof(url) - 1) && (j < sizeof(buf))) { /*存下 url */ url[i] = buf[j]; i++; j++; } url[i] = '\0'; /*处理 GET 方法*/ if (strcasecmp(method, "GET") == 0) { /* 待处理请求为 url */ query_string = url; while ((*query_string != '?') && (*query_string != '\0')) query_string++; /* GET 方法特点,? 后面为参数*/ if (*query_string == '?') { /*开启 cgi */ cgi = 1; *query_string = '\0'; query_string++; } } /*格式化 url 到 path 数组,html 文件都在 htdocs 中*/ sprintf(path, "htdocs%s", url); /*默认情况为 index.html */ if (path[strlen(path) - 1] == '/') strcat(path, "index.html"); /*根据路径找到对应文件 */ if (stat(path, &st) == -1) { /*把所有 headers 的信息都丢弃*/ while ((numchars > 0) && strcmp("\n", buf)) /* read & discard headers */ numchars = get_line(client, buf, sizeof(buf)); /*回应客户端找不到*/ not_found(client); } else { /*如果是个目录,则默认使用该目录下 index.html 文件*/ if ((st.st_mode & S_IFMT) == S_IFDIR) strcat(path, "/index.html"); if ((st.st_mode & S_IXUSR) || (st.st_mode & S_IXGRP) || (st.st_mode & S_IXOTH) ) cgi = 1; /*不是 cgi,直接把服务器文件返回,否则执行 cgi */ if (!cgi) serve_file(client, path); else execute_cgi(client, path, method, query_string); } /*断开与客户端的连接(HTTP 特点:无连接)*/ close(client); return 0; } /**********************************************************************/ /* Inform the client that a request it has made has a problem. * Parameters: client socket */ /**********************************************************************/ void bad_request(int client) { char buf[1024]; /*回应客户端错误的 HTTP 请求 */ sprintf(buf, "HTTP/1.0 400 BAD REQUEST\r\n"); send(client, buf, sizeof(buf), 0); sprintf(buf, "Content-type: text/html\r\n"); send(client, buf, sizeof(buf), 0); sprintf(buf, "\r\n"); send(client, buf, sizeof(buf), 0); sprintf(buf, "<P>Your browser sent a bad request, "); send(client, buf, sizeof(buf), 0); sprintf(buf, "such as a POST without a Content-Length.\r\n"); send(client, buf, sizeof(buf), 0); } /**********************************************************************/ /* Put the entire contents of a file out on a socket. This function * is named after the UNIX "cat" command, because it might have been * easier just to do something like pipe, fork, and exec("cat"). * Parameters: the client socket descriptor * FILE pointer for the file to cat */ /**********************************************************************/ void cat(int client, FILE *resource) { char buf[1024]; /*读取文件中的所有数据写到 socket */ fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), resource); while (!feof(resource)) { send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), resource); } } /**********************************************************************/ /* Inform the client that a CGI script could not be executed. * Parameter: the client socket descriptor. */ /**********************************************************************/ void cannot_execute(int client) { char buf[1024]; /* 回应客户端 cgi 无法执行*/ sprintf(buf, "HTTP/1.0 500 Internal Server Error\r\n"); send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); sprintf(buf, "Content-type: text/html\r\n"); send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); sprintf(buf, "\r\n"); send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); sprintf(buf, "<P>Error prohibited CGI execution.\r\n"); send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); } /**********************************************************************/ /* Print out an error message with perror() (for system errors; based * on value of errno, which indicates system call errors) and exit the * program indicating an error. */ /**********************************************************************/ void error_die(const char *sc) { /*出错信息处理 */ perror(sc); exit(1); } /**********************************************************************/ /* Execute a CGI script. Will need to set environment variables as * appropriate. * Parameters: client socket descriptor * path to the CGI script */ /**********************************************************************/ void execute_cgi(int client, const char *path, const char *method, const char *query_string) { char buf[1024]; int cgi_output[2]; int cgi_input[2]; pid_t pid; int status; int i; char c; int numchars = 1; int content_length = -1; buf[0] = 'A'; buf[1] = '\0'; if (strcasecmp(method, "GET") == 0) /*把所有的 HTTP header 读取并丢弃*/ while ((numchars > 0) && strcmp("\n", buf)) /* read & discard headers */ numchars = get_line(client, buf, sizeof(buf)); else /* POST */ { /* 对 POST 的 HTTP 请求中找出 content_length */ numchars = get_line(client, buf, sizeof(buf)); while ((numchars > 0) && strcmp("\n", buf)) { /*利用 \0 进行分隔 */ buf[15] = '\0'; /* HTTP 请求的特点*/ if (strcasecmp(buf, "Content-Length:") == 0) content_length = atoi(&(buf[16])); numchars = get_line(client, buf, sizeof(buf)); } /*没有找到 content_length */ if (content_length == -1) { /*错误请求*/ bad_request(client); return; } } /* 正确,HTTP 状态码 200 */ sprintf(buf, "HTTP/1.0 200 OK\r\n"); send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); /* 建立管道*/ if (pipe(cgi_output) < 0) { /*错误处理*/ cannot_execute(client); return; } /*建立管道*/ if (pipe(cgi_input) < 0) { /*错误处理*/ cannot_execute(client); return; } if ((pid = fork()) < 0 ) { /*错误处理*/ cannot_execute(client); return; } if (pid == 0) /* child: CGI script */ { char meth_env[255]; char query_env[255]; char length_env[255]; /* 把 STDOUT 重定向到 cgi_output 的写入端 */ dup2(cgi_output[1], 1); /* 把 STDIN 重定向到 cgi_input 的读取端 */ dup2(cgi_input[0], 0); /* 关闭 cgi_input 的写入端 和 cgi_output 的读取端 */ close(cgi_output[0]); close(cgi_input[1]); /*设置 request_method 的环境变量*/ sprintf(meth_env, "REQUEST_METHOD=%s", method); putenv(meth_env); if (strcasecmp(method, "GET") == 0) { /*设置 query_string 的环境变量*/ sprintf(query_env, "QUERY_STRING=%s", query_string); putenv(query_env); } else { /* POST */ /*设置 content_length 的环境变量*/ sprintf(length_env, "CONTENT_LENGTH=%d", content_length); putenv(length_env); } /*用 execl 运行 cgi 程序*/ execl(path, path, NULL); exit(0); } else { /* parent */ /* 关闭 cgi_input 的读取端 和 cgi_output 的写入端 */ close(cgi_output[1]); close(cgi_input[0]); if (strcasecmp(method, "POST") == 0) /*接收 POST 过来的数据*/ for (i = 0; i < content_length; i++) { recv(client, &c, 1, 0); /*把 POST 数据写入 cgi_input,现在重定向到 STDIN */ write(cgi_input[1], &c, 1); } /*读取 cgi_output 的管道输出到客户端,该管道输入是 STDOUT */ while (read(cgi_output[0], &c, 1) > 0) send(client, &c, 1, 0); /*关闭管道*/ close(cgi_output[0]); close(cgi_input[1]); /*等待子进程*/ waitpid(pid, &status, 0); } } /**********************************************************************/ /* Get a line from a socket, whether the line ends in a newline, * carriage return, or a CRLF combination. Terminates the string read * with a null character. If no newline indicator is found before the * end of the buffer, the string is terminated with a null. If any of * the above three line terminators is read, the last character of the * string will be a linefeed and the string will be terminated with a * null character. * Parameters: the socket descriptor * the buffer to save the data in * the size of the buffer * Returns: the number of bytes stored (excluding null) */ /**********************************************************************/ int get_line(int sock, char *buf, int size) { int i = 0; char c = '\0'; int n; /*把终止条件统一为 \n 换行符,标准化 buf 数组*/ while ((i < size - 1) && (c != '\n')) { /*一次仅接收一个字节*/ n = recv(sock, &c, 1, 0); /* DEBUG printf("%02X\n", c); */ if (n > 0) { /*收到 \r 则继续接收下个字节,因为换行符可能是 \r\n */ if (c == '\r') { /*使用 MSG_PEEK 标志使下一次读取依然可以得到这次读取的内容,可认为接收窗口不滑动*/ n = recv(sock, &c, 1, MSG_PEEK); /* DEBUG printf("%02X\n", c); */ /*但如果是换行符则把它吸收掉*/ if ((n > 0) && (c == '\n')) recv(sock, &c, 1, 0); else c = '\n'; } /*存到缓冲区*/ buf[i] = c; i++; } else c = '\n'; } buf[i] = '\0'; /*返回 buf 数组大小*/ return(i); } /**********************************************************************/ /* Return the informational HTTP headers about a file. */ /* Parameters: the socket to print the headers on * the name of the file */ /**********************************************************************/ void headers(int client, const char *filename) { char buf[1024]; (void)filename; /* could use filename to determine file type */ /*正常的 HTTP header */ strcpy(buf, "HTTP/1.0 200 OK\r\n"); send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); /*服务器信息*/ strcpy(buf, SERVER_STRING); send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); sprintf(buf, "Content-Type: text/html\r\n"); send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); strcpy(buf, "\r\n"); send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); } /**********************************************************************/ /* Give a client a 404 not found status message. */ /**********************************************************************/ void not_found(int client) { char buf[1024]; /* 404 页面 */ sprintf(buf, "HTTP/1.0 404 NOT FOUND\r\n"); send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); /*服务器信息*/ sprintf(buf, SERVER_STRING); send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); sprintf(buf, "Content-Type: text/html\r\n"); send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); sprintf(buf, "\r\n"); send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); sprintf(buf, "<HTML><TITLE>Not Found</TITLE>\r\n"); send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); sprintf(buf, "<BODY><P>The server could not fulfill\r\n"); send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); sprintf(buf, "your request because the resource specified\r\n"); send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); sprintf(buf, "is unavailable or nonexistent.\r\n"); send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); sprintf(buf, "</BODY></HTML>\r\n"); send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); } /**********************************************************************/ /* Send a regular file to the client. Use headers, and report * errors to client if they occur. * Parameters: a pointer to a file structure produced from the socket * file descriptor * the name of the file to serve */ /**********************************************************************/ void serve_file(int client, const char *filename) { FILE *resource = NULL; int numchars = 1; char buf[1024]; /*读取并丢弃 header */ buf[0] = 'A'; buf[1] = '\0'; while ((numchars > 0) && strcmp("\n", buf)) /* read & discard headers */ numchars = get_line(client, buf, sizeof(buf)); /*打开 sever 的文件*/ resource = fopen(filename, "r"); if (resource == NULL) not_found(client); else { /*写 HTTP header */ headers(client, filename); /*复制文件*/ cat(client, resource); } fclose(resource); } /**********************************************************************/ /* This function starts the process of listening for web connections * on a specified port. If the port is 0, then dynamically allocate a * port and modify the original port variable to reflect the actual * port. * Parameters: pointer to variable containing the port to connect on * Returns: the socket */ /**********************************************************************/ int startup(u_short *port) { int httpd = 0; struct sockaddr_in name; /*建立 socket */ httpd = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0); if (httpd == -1) error_die("socket"); memset(&name, 0, sizeof(name)); name.sin_family = AF_INET; name.sin_port = htons(*port); name.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY); if (bind(httpd, (struct sockaddr *)&name, sizeof(name)) < 0) error_die("bind"); /*如果当前指定端口是 0,则动态随机分配一个端口*/ if (*port == 0) /* if dynamically allocating a port */ { int namelen = sizeof(name); if (getsockname(httpd, (struct sockaddr *)&name, (socklen_t*)&namelen) == -1)//参数3加了强制转换 error_die("getsockname"); *port = ntohs(name.sin_port); } /*开始监听*/ if (listen(httpd, 5) < 0) error_die("listen"); /*返回 socket id */ return(httpd); } /**********************************************************************/ /* Inform the client that the requested web method has not been * implemented. * Parameter: the client socket */ /**********************************************************************/ void unimplemented(int client) { char buf[1024]; /* HTTP method 不被支持*/ sprintf(buf, "HTTP/1.0 501 Method Not Implemented\r\n"); send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); /*服务器信息*/ sprintf(buf, SERVER_STRING); send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); sprintf(buf, "Content-Type: text/html\r\n"); send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); sprintf(buf, "\r\n"); send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); sprintf(buf, "<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>Method Not Implemented\r\n"); send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); sprintf(buf, "</TITLE></HEAD>\r\n"); send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); sprintf(buf, "<BODY><P>HTTP request method not supported.\r\n"); send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); sprintf(buf, "</BODY></HTML>\r\n"); send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0); } /**********************************************************************/ int main(void) { int server_sock = -1; u_short port = 0; int client_sock = -1; struct sockaddr_in client_name; int client_name_len = sizeof(client_name); pthread_t newthread; /*在对应端口建立 httpd 服务*/ server_sock = startup(&port); printf("httpd running on port %d\n", port); while (1) { /*套接字收到客户端连接请求*/ client_sock = accept(server_sock,(struct sockaddr *)&client_name,(socklen_t*)&client_name_len); if (client_sock == -1) error_die("accept"); /*派生新线程用 accept_request 函数处理新请求*/ /* accept_request(client_sock); */ if (pthread_create(&newthread , NULL, accept_request, &client_sock) != 0) perror("pthread_create"); } close(server_sock); return(0); }
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