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Android开发学习之路--UI之简单聊天界面

2016-02-16 10:44 525 查看


Android开发学习之路--UI之简单聊天界面

2016-02-11 22:09 6286人阅读 评论(11) 收藏 举报


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Android开发学习之路(15)


版权声明:本文为博主东月之神原创文章,未经博主允许不得转载。

学了很多的ui的知识,这里就来实现个聊天的界面,首先来实现个layout的xml,代码如下:

[html] view
plain copy







<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<LinearLayout

xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="match_parent"

android:orientation="vertical">

<ListView

android:id="@+id/msg_list_view"

android:layout_height="0dp"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_weight="1"

android:divider="#0000"/>

<LinearLayout

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="wrap_content">

<EditText

android:id="@+id/input_text"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:layout_width="0dp"

android:layout_weight="1"

android:hint="输入你想说的话"

android:maxLines="2"/>

<Button

android:id="@+id/send"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:text="发送"/>

</LinearLayout>

</LinearLayout>

这里主要是listview来实现聊天的记录显示,edittext用于输入信息,button用于按钮发送。效果如下:



然后实现个listView的界面,这里用到了两张准备好的图片,是*.9.png,也就是9宫格的图片,主要的作用就是为了防止不该拉伸的地方拉伸,这里的界面用到了气泡,所以只要拉伸中间的背景就好了,两边的就不要拉伸了,新建msg_item.xml,代码如下:

[html] view
plain copy







<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="match_parent"

android:orientation="vertical"

android:padding="10dp">

<LinearLayout

android:id="@+id/left_layout"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_gravity="left"

android:background="@drawable/left_messages">

<TextView

android:id="@+id/left_msg"

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:layout_gravity="center"

android:layout_margin="10dp"

android:textColor="#fff"/>

</LinearLayout>

<LinearLayout

android:id="@+id/right_layout"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_gravity="right"

android:background="@drawable/right_messages">

<TextView

android:id="@+id/right_msg"

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:layout_gravity="center"

android:layout_margin="10dp"/>

</LinearLayout>

</LinearLayout>

效果如下图所示:



这里的图片是网上找的png,然后ps改变大小,最后在android studio中,右击选择新建9-patch图片,然后选择拉伸的位置,如下图所示:



这样,绿色显示的是整个背景图片,然后中间的红色就是可以拉伸的地方。其中相对于png图片,*.9.png图片主要多了四周的黑线条。这里不再详细讲解*.9.png图片的制作了。

接着新建Msg类,代码如下:

[java] view
plain copy







package com.example.jared.uitest;

/**

* Created by jared on 16/2/10.

*/

public class Msg {

public static final int TYPE_RECEIVED = 0;

public static final int TYPE_SEND = 1;

private String content;

private int type;

public Msg(String content, int type) {

this.content = content;

this.type = type;

}

public String getContent() {

return content;

}

public int getType() {

return type;

}

}

然后就是Adapter了,MsgAdapter代码如下:

[java] view
plain copy







package com.example.jared.uitest;

import android.content.Context;

import android.view.LayoutInflater;

import android.view.View;

import android.view.ViewGroup;

import android.widget.ArrayAdapter;

import android.widget.LinearLayout;

import android.widget.TextView;

import java.util.List;

/**

* Created by jared on 16/2/10.

*/

public class MsgAdapter extends ArrayAdapter<Msg> {

private int resourceId;

public MsgAdapter(Context context, int textViewResourceId, List<Msg> objects) {

super(context, textViewResourceId, objects);

resourceId = textViewResourceId;

}

public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {

Msg msg = getItem(position);

View view;

ViewHolder viewHolder;

if(convertView == null) {

view = LayoutInflater.from(getContext()).inflate(resourceId, null);

viewHolder = new ViewHolder();

viewHolder.leftLayout = (LinearLayout)view.findViewById(R.id.left_layout);

viewHolder.rightLayout = (LinearLayout)view.findViewById(R.id.right_layout);

viewHolder.leftMsg = (TextView)view.findViewById(R.id.left_msg);

viewHolder.rightMsg = (TextView)view.findViewById(R.id.right_msg);

view.setTag(viewHolder);

} else {

view = convertView;

viewHolder = (ViewHolder) view.getTag();

}

if(msg.getType() == Msg.TYPE_RECEIVED) {

viewHolder.leftLayout.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);

viewHolder.rightLayout.setVisibility(View.GONE);

viewHolder.leftMsg.setText(msg.getContent());

} else if(msg.getType() == Msg.TYPE_SEND) {

viewHolder.rightLayout.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);

viewHolder.leftLayout.setVisibility(View.GONE);

viewHolder.rightMsg.setText(msg.getContent());

}

return view;

}

class ViewHolder {

LinearLayout leftLayout;

LinearLayout rightLayout;

TextView leftMsg;

TextView rightMsg;

}

}

最后我们来实现MainActivity的代码:

[java] view
plain copy







package com.example.jared.uitest;

import android.os.Bundle;

import android.support.v7.app.ActionBar;

import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;

import android.view.View;

import android.widget.Button;

import android.widget.EditText;

import android.widget.ListView;

import java.util.ArrayList;

import java.util.List;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

private ListView msgListView;

private EditText inputText;

private Button send;

private MsgAdapter adapter;

private List<Msg> msgList = new ArrayList<Msg>();

@Override

protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

ActionBar actionBar = getSupportActionBar();

actionBar.hide();

setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

initMsgs();

adapter = new MsgAdapter(MainActivity.this, R.layout.msg_item, msgList);

inputText = (EditText)findViewById(R.id.input_text);

send = (Button)findViewById(R.id.send);

msgListView = (ListView)findViewById(R.id.msg_list_view);

msgListView.setAdapter(adapter);

send.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {

@Override

public void onClick(View view) {

String content = inputText.getText().toString();

if(!"".equals(content)) {

Msg msg = new Msg(content, Msg.TYPE_SEND);

msgList.add(msg);

adapter.notifyDataSetChanged();

msgListView.setSelection(msgList.size());

inputText.setText("");

}

}

});

}

private void initMsgs() {

Msg msg1 = new Msg("Hello, how are you?", Msg.TYPE_RECEIVED);

msgList.add(msg1);

Msg msg2 = new Msg("Fine, thank you, and you?", Msg.TYPE_SEND);

msgList.add(msg2);

Msg msg3 = new Msg("I am fine, too!", Msg.TYPE_RECEIVED);

msgList.add(msg3);

}

}

运行看下效果,输入一些文字,然后发送:



上面这个界面已经和微信的也有点类似了,那么下面再加上个头像,那么会不会更好呢?我们来试试。首先准备两张头像的图片,简单命名为head1,head2,这里的头像最好喝聊天背景的height像素相同,本例子是45。然后修改msg_item.xml文件,代码如下:

[html] view
plain copy







<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="match_parent"

android:orientation="vertical"

android:padding="10dp">

<LinearLayout

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:orientation="horizontal">

<ImageView

android:id="@+id/head_left"

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:layout_gravity="left"

android:src="@drawable/head1"/>

<LinearLayout

android:id="@+id/left_layout"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_gravity="left"

android:background="@drawable/left_messages">

<TextView

android:id="@+id/left_msg"

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:layout_gravity="center"

android:layout_margin="10dp"

android:textColor="#fff"/>

</LinearLayout>

</LinearLayout>

<LinearLayout

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:layout_gravity="right"

android:orientation="horizontal">

<LinearLayout

android:id="@+id/right_layout"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_gravity="right"

android:background="@drawable/right_messages">

<TextView

android:id="@+id/right_msg"

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:layout_gravity="center"

android:layout_margin="10dp"/>

</LinearLayout>

<ImageView

android:id="@+id/head_right"

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:src="@drawable/head2"/>

</LinearLayout>

</LinearLayout>

这里主要是头像的ImageView和聊天记录的TextView需要在同一行,所以这里LinearLayout里面又一次嵌套了LinearLayout。

然后修改MsgAdapter代码如下:

[java] view
plain copy







package com.example.jared.uitest;

import android.content.Context;

import android.view.LayoutInflater;

import android.view.View;

import android.view.ViewGroup;

import android.widget.ArrayAdapter;

import android.widget.ImageView;

import android.widget.LinearLayout;

import android.widget.TextView;

import java.util.List;

/**

* Created by jared on 16/2/10.

*/

public class MsgAdapter extends ArrayAdapter<Msg> {

private int resourceId;

public MsgAdapter(Context context, int textViewResourceId, List<Msg> objects) {

super(context, textViewResourceId, objects);

resourceId = textViewResourceId;

}

public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {

Msg msg = getItem(position);

View view;

ViewHolder viewHolder;

if(convertView == null) {

view = LayoutInflater.from(getContext()).inflate(resourceId, null);

viewHolder = new ViewHolder();

viewHolder.leftLayout = (LinearLayout)view.findViewById(R.id.left_layout);

viewHolder.rightLayout = (LinearLayout)view.findViewById(R.id.right_layout);

viewHolder.leftMsg = (TextView)view.findViewById(R.id.left_msg);

viewHolder.rightMsg = (TextView)view.findViewById(R.id.right_msg);

viewHolder.head1 = (ImageView)view.findViewById(R.id.head_left);

viewHolder.head2 = (ImageView)view.findViewById(R.id.head_right);

view.setTag(viewHolder);

} else {

view = convertView;

viewHolder = (ViewHolder) view.getTag();

}

if(msg.getType() == Msg.TYPE_RECEIVED) {

viewHolder.leftLayout.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);

viewHolder.head1.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);

viewHolder.rightLayout.setVisibility(View.GONE);

viewHolder.head2.setVisibility(View.GONE);

viewHolder.leftMsg.setText(msg.getContent());

} else if(msg.getType() == Msg.TYPE_SEND) {

viewHolder.rightLayout.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);

viewHolder.head2.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);

viewHolder.leftLayout.setVisibility(View.GONE);

viewHolder.head1.setVisibility(View.GONE);

viewHolder.rightMsg.setText(msg.getContent());

}

return view;

}

class ViewHolder {

LinearLayout leftLayout;

LinearLayout rightLayout;

TextView leftMsg;

TextView rightMsg;

ImageView head1;

ImageView head2;

}

}

这里viewHolder中添加了head1和head2,然后获取资源中也添加了,并且添加了显示和隐藏的代码。

图片,代码都准备好了,那就运行看看效果了:



基本上和微信的聊天界面也有几分相似了。学习了这么多ui的知识,总算可以简单地开发一个界面了。ui就先学到这里,接下去继续学习别的知识吧。

附:参考《第一行代码》
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