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ORACLE-RAC-11G-R2_INSTALL

2016-01-29 10:24 585 查看
                                  ORACLE 11.2.0.3 RAC
INSTALL
                                                                      
2013-06-09 __Yoon
挂载镜像:

mkdir /media/disk

mount /dev/cdrom /media/disk

 

安装oracle-linux依赖的所有包:

vi /etc/yum.repos.d/public-yum-el5.repo
[oel5]

name = Enterprise Linux 5.7 DVD

baseurl=file:///media/disk/Server/

gpgcheck=0

enabled=1

yum install oracle-validated --执行并安装依赖的包

修改hosts,配置域名:

vi /etc/hosts

# Do not remove the following line, or various programs

# that require network functionality will fail.

#127.0.0.1 rac1 localhost.localdomain localhost

#::1 localhost6.localdomain6 localhost6

127.0.0.1 localhost

192.168.228.161 rac1

192.168.228.168 rac1-vip

1.1.1.161 rac1-priv

192.168.228.162 rac2

192.168.228.169 rac2-vip

1.1.1.162 rac2-priv

192.168.228.170 rac-scan

 

添加组和用户:

groupadd -g 1000 oinstall

groupadd -g 1200 asmadmin

groupadd -g 1201 asmdba

groupadd -g 1202 asmoper

groupadd -g 1300 dba

groupadd -g 1301 oper

useradd -m -u 1100 -g oinstall -G asmadmin,asmdba,asmoper -d
/home/grid -s /bin/bash grid

useradd -m -u 1101 -g oinstall -G dba,oper,asmdba -d /home/oracle
-s /bin/bash oracle

 

创建oralce、grid 密码:

id oracle

id grid

passwd oracle

passwd grid

 

创建安装目录:

mkdir -p /u01/app/grid/11.2.0

chown -R grid:oinstall /u01

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/11.2.0/db_1

chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle

chmod -R 775 /u01

 配置服务器时间同步:(10g需要配置,在11gR2中不用ntp配置)

rac1:

vi /etc/ntp.conf

server 127.127.1.0

fudge 127.127.1.0 stratum 11

driftfile /var/lib/ntp/drift

broadcastdelay 0.008

rac2:

vi /etc/ntp.conf

server 192.168.228.161 prefer --192.168.228.161为主节点的IP地址

driftfile /var/lib/ntp/drift

broadcastdelay 0.008

/etc/init.d/ntpd restart --重启

 

配置SSH: (在10g需要配置ssh通信,在11g R2新特性 无需配置SSH)

在rac1、rac2:

su - oracle

mkdir ~/.ssh

ssh-keygen -t rsa

ssh-keygen -t dsa

在rac1:

cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub >>
./.ssh/authorized_keys

cat ~/.ssh/id_dsa.pub >>
./.ssh/authorized_keys

ssh rac2 cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub >>
~/.ssh/authorized_keys

ssh rac2 cat ~/.ssh/id_dsa.pub >>
~/.ssh/authorized_keys

scp ~/.ssh/authorized_keys rac2:~/.ssh/authorized_keys

在rac1:

ssh rac1 date

ssh rac2 date

ssh rac1-priv date

ssh rac2-priv date

在rac2:

ssh rac1 date

ssh rac2 date

ssh rac1-priv date

ssh rac2-priv date

 

时间同步,配置ctss:  (在11g
r2中不需要配置)

在rac1、rac2:

/sbin/service ntpd stop

chkconfig ntpd off

mv /etc/ntp.conf /etc/ntp.conf.original

chkconfig ntpd --list

rm /var/run/ntpd.pid

安装完后要确认ctssd处于活动状态,用grid用户输入:
$ crsctl check ctss

在grid下配置.bash_profile:

rac1:

export ORACLE_SID=+ASM1

#export ORACLE_SID=+ASM2

export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/grid

export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/grid/11.2.0

export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH:/usr/local/bin/:.

export TEMP=/tmp

export TMP=/tmp

export TMPDIR=/tmp

umask 022

rac2:

#export ORACLE_SID=+ASM1

export ORACLE_SID=+ASM2

export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/grid

export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/grid/11.2.0

export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH:/usr/local/bin/:.

export TEMP=/tmp

export TMP=/tmp

export TMPDIR=/tmp

umask 022

 

在oracle下配置.bash_profile:

rac1和rac2: 注意SID

ORACLE_SID=yoon1; export ORACLE_SID

#ORACLE_SID=yoon2; export ORACLE_SID

ORACLE_UNQNAME=yoon; export ORACLE_UNQNAME

JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/java; export JAVA_HOME

ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle; export ORACLE_BASE

ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/11.2.0/db_1; export ORACLE_HOME

ORACLE_TERM=xterm; export ORACLE_TERM

NLS_DATE_FORMAT="YYYY:MM:DD HH24:MI:SS"; export
NLS_DATE_FORMAT

NLS_LANG=american_america.ZHS16GBK; export NLS_LANG

TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin; export TNS_ADMIN

ORA_NLS11=$ORACLE_HOME/nls/data; export ORA_NLS11

PATH=.:${JAVA_HOME}/bin:${PATH}:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$ORA_CRS_HOME/bin

PATH=${PATH}:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/bin/X11:/usr/local/bin

export PATH

LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib

LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/oracm/lib

LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:/lib:/usr/lib:/usr/local/lib

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH

CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE

CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib

CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib

CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/network/jlib

export CLASSPATH

THREADS_FLAG=native; export THREADS_FLAG

export TEMP=/tmp

export TMPDIR=/tmp

# ---------------------------------------------------

# UMASK

# ---------------------------------------------------

# Set the default file mode creation mask

# (umask) to 022 to ensure that the user performing

# the Oracle software installation creates files

# with 644 permissions.

# ---------------------------------------------------

umask 022

 

 

关闭防火墙:

Service iptables status

Service iptables stop

chkconfig iptables off

chkconfig iptables --list

安装ASMlib:

oracleasm-2.6.18-274.0.0.0.1.el5-2.0.5-1.el5.x86_64.rpm

oracleasm-2.6.18-274.el5-2.0.5-1.el5.x86_64.rpm

oracleasm-support-2.1.7-1.el5.x86_64.rpm

 

安装配置oracleasm

/etc/init.d/oracleasm configure

/etc/init.d/oracleasm createdisk DATA /dev/mapper/Mpath2p1

/etc/init.d/oracleasm listdisks

/etc/init.d/oracleasm scandisks

 

在grid用户下:

执行./
runInstaller









































































在oracle下执行./
runInstaller,安装数据库软件













































 

 

在grid用户下运行asmca创建ASM磁盘组:

su - grid

[grid@rac1 ~]$asmca












在oracle用户下创建数据库:

su - oracle

执行dbca

















































OK

 

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Maclean Liu 所创脚本:

####udev 创建裸设备脚本#######

for i in b c d e f g h i j k ;

do

echo "KERNEL==\"sd*\", BUS==\"scsi\", PROGRAM==\"/sbin/scsi_id -g
-u -s %p\", RESULT==\"`scsi_id -g -u -s /block/sd$i`\",
NAME=\"asm-disk$i\", OWNER=\"oracle\", GROUP=\"oinstall\",
MODE=\"0660\""

done

#############################

 

udev方式创建裸设备:

vi /etc/udev/rules.d/60-raw.rules

ACTION=="add",KERNEL=="sdb1",RUN+="/bin/raw/dev/raw/raw1 %N"

ACTION=="add",KERNEL=="sdb2",RUN+="/bin/raw/dev/raw/raw2 %N"

ACTION=="add",KERNEL=="sdb3",RUN+="/bin/raw/dev/raw/raw3 %N"

ACTION=="add",KERNEL=="raw*",OWNER=="oracle",GROUP=="oinstall",
MODE=="0660"

在root下执行:

start_udev

 

创建完oracleasm组后,无法删除:

service oracleasm stop

service oracleasm deletedisk /dev/mapper/mpath2p1

service oracleasm start

/etc/init.d/oracleasm scandisks

/etc/init.d/oracleasm listdisks

 

ASM磁盘无法识别几种现象:

1) gi家目录或者其子目录权限错误

2)asm磁盘的权限错误

3)asm实例未启动或者asm磁盘组没有mount上

4)asm磁盘组资源没有在线

5)oracle用户的权限错误

6)oracle($ORACLE_HOME/bin)可执行文件的权限错误

  OK,那我就按照上面的分析结果进行逐一排查:

1) gi家目录或者其子目录权限错误

[root@rac1 ~]# ls -ld /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/

drwxr-x--- 66 root oinstall 4096 Apr 19 01:36
/u02/app/11.2.0/grid/

我先简单查看了GI的家目录权限,这是正常的。这里想要提醒大家,有些DBA有意无意中看到这样的目录权限,发现所属主是root,以为出了问题,理所应当地通过命令去更改,如果只更改该目录权限问题也不大,回退方法很简单,但一旦加上-R参数递归方式把子目录、子文件的权限一并更改,那故障就发生了。所以,大家在操作的时候不要盲目去做没有把握的事情,掌握每个操作后面的原理以及其带来的后果,以至于充分准备好回退方法.

2) asm磁盘的权限错误

[root@rac1 ~]# ls -l /dev/oracleasm/disks/

total 0

brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 8, 17 Apr 19 01:22 ASMDISK1

brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 8, 33 Apr 19 01:22 ASMDISK2

如果发现权限不对,通过如下命令修改:

[root@rac1 ~]# oracleasm configure -I

或者

[root@rac1 ~]# /etc/init.d/oracleasm configure

修改之后查看:

[root@rac1 ~]# oracleasm configure

ORACLEASM_ENABLED=true

ORACLEASM_UID=grid

ORACLEASM_GID=asmadmin

ORACLEASM_SCANBOOT=true

ORACLEASM_SCANORDER=""

ORACLEASM_SCANEXCLUDE=""

3) asm实例未启动或者asm磁盘组没有mount上

4) asm磁盘组资源没有在线:

[grid@rac1 ~]$ crsctl stat res –t

---------------------------------------------------------------------

NAME TARGET STATE SERVER STATE_DETAILS

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Local Resources

---------------------------------------------------------------------

ora.DATA.dg

ONLINE ONLINE rac1

ora.FLASH.dg

ONLINE ONLINE rac1

ora.GRID.dg

ONLINE ONLINE rac1

ora.LISTENER.lsnr

ONLINE ONLINE rac1

ora.asm

ONLINE ONLINE rac1 Started

ora.ons

OFFLINE OFFLINE rac1

---------------------------------------------------------------------

Cluster Resources

---------------------------------------------------------------------

ora.cssd

1 ONLINE ONLINE rac1

ora.diskmon

1 OFFLINE OFFLINE

ora.evmd

1 ONLINE ONLINE rac1

5) oracle用户的权限错误

[root@rac1 ~]# id oracle

uid=1101(oracle) gid=1000(oinstall)
groups=1000(oinstall),1300(dba),1301(oper),1201(asmdba)

oracle用户需要加入到asmdba组,如果发现没有加入,进行如下操作:

[root@rac1 ~]# gpasswd -a oracle asmdba

Adding user oracle to group asmdba

6) oracle($ORACLE_HOME/bin)可执行文件的权限错误

[root@rac1 ~]# su - oracle

[oracle@rac1 ~]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/bin

[oracle@rac1 bin]$ ls -l oracle

-rwsr-s--x 1 oracle oinstall 232399473 Apr 19 07:04 oracle

oracle可执行文件的权限不正确:

[root@rac1 ~]# cd
/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/

[root@rac1 bin]# chown oracle.asmadmin oracle

[root@rac1 bin]# ls -l oracle

-rwxr-x--x 1 oracle asmadmin 232399473 Apr 19 07:04 oracle

[root@rac1 bin]# chmod +s oracle

[root@rac1 bin]# ls -l oracle

-rwsr-s--x 1 oracle asmadmin 232399473 Apr 19 07:04 oracle

 
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