Struts2 ActionWildcard（通配符配置）约定优于配置
2016-01-26 23:28
676 查看
新建web project：struts2_0500_actionwildcard
Build Path
项目图：
src：
StudentAction.java
TeacherAction.java
struts.xml
WebRoot:
index.jsp
Student_add.jsp
Student_delete.jsp
Student_edit.jsp
Student_find.jsp
Teacher_add.jsp
Teacher_delete.jsp
------------------------------------Hongten---------------------------------
struts.xml
代码：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd">
<struts>
<constant name="struts.devMode" value="true" />
<package name="Student" namespace="/" extends="struts-default">
<action name="*_*" class="com.b510.hongten.{1}Action">
<result>
/{1}_{2}.jsp
</result>
</action>
<action name="Student_add" class="com.b510.hongten.StudentAction"
method="add">
<result>
/Student_delete.jsp
</result>
</action>
</package>
</struts>
------------------------------------Hongten---------------------------------
------------------------------------Hongten---------------------------------
在这里，我们没有去添加Teacher_edit.jsp和Teacher_find.jsp,要想说明的是，如果我们要添加的时候
直接添加即可，不会因为我们又添加了新的的文件，而影响整个程序的运行。但是添加的时候
一定要遵守"约定优于配置"的原则。如：Teacher的首字母一定要大写，Teacher_edit.jsp就得一定要以
这种形式去写。不然我们还是免不了去修改配置文件；
还有一个就是，我们看到struts.xml文件中有两个action，其实这里只是为了做一个小测试二用的：
我们的程序中只用：
<action name="*_*" class="com.b510.hongten.{1}Action">
<result>/{1}_{2}.jsp</result>
</action>
就足可以使我们的程序很好的运行起来，但是添加了第二个action后：
<action name="Student_add" class="com.b510.hongten.StudentAction"
method="add">
<result>/Student_delete.jsp</result>
</action>
这时候就会出现我们访问一个url：http://localhost:1000/struts2_0500_actionwildcard/Student_add
的时候，是去的是：Student_delete.jsp 这个页面，而不是我们的Student_add.jsp页面，这是为什么呢？
原因是：在struts2中，当我们访问的url来到的时候，服务器就会在struts.xml文件中找最接近这个url的action(如果
是同一个包中)，我们很容易发现：
"*_*"和"Student_add" 和url相比较，显然是后者要接近，所以选择了Student_delete.jsp,而非Student_add.jsp
------------------------------------Hongten---------------------------------
------------------------------------Hongten---------------------------------
StudentAction.java
代码：
package com.b510.hongten;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
/**
*
* @author XHW
*
* @date 2011-7-30
*
*/
public class StudentAction extends ActionSupport {
private static final long serialVersionUID = -5023520095036169842L;
public String add() {
return SUCCESS;
}
public String delete() {
return SUCCESS;
}
public String edit() {
return SUCCESS;
}
public String find() {
return SUCCESS;
}
}
------------------------------------Hongten---------------------------------
TeacherAction.java
代码；
package com.b510.hongten;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
/**
*
* @author XHW
*
* @date 2011-7-30
*
*/
public class TeacherAction extends ActionSupport {
private static final long serialVersionUID = -5023520095036169843L;
public String add() {
return SUCCESS;
}
public String delete() {
return SUCCESS;
}
public String edit() {
return SUCCESS;
}
public String find() {
return SUCCESS;
}
}
------------------------------------Hongten---------------------------------
index.jsp
代码；
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
<title>My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page</title>
<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
<!--
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
-->
</head>
<body>
My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page<br>
<a href="<%=basePath %>Student_add">增加学生</a>
<a href="<%=basePath %>Student_delete">删除学生</a><br>
<a href="<%=basePath %>Student_edit">编辑学生</a>
<a href="<%=basePath %>Student_find">查看学生</a><br>
<a href="<%=basePath %>Teacher_add">增加老师</a>
<a href="<%=basePath %>Teacher_delete">删除老师</a><br>
<a href="<%=basePath %>Teacher_edit">编辑老师</a>
<a href="<%=basePath %>Teacher_find">查看老师</a><br>
</body>
</html>
------------------------------------Hongten---------------------------------
Student_add.jsp
代码：
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
<title>My JSP 'Student_add.jsp' starting page</title>
<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
<!--
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
-->
</head>
<body>
My JSP 'Student_add.jsp' starting page <br>
<a href="<%=basePath %>index.jsp">home</a>
</body>
</html>
------------------------------------Hongten---------------------------------
Student_delete.jsp
代码：
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
<title>My JSP 'Student_delete.jsp' starting page</title>
<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
<!--
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
-->
</head>
<body>
My JSP 'Student_delete.jsp' starting page <br>
<a href="<%=basePath %>index.jsp">home</a>
</body>
</html>
------------------------------------Hongten---------------------------------
Student_edit.jsp
代码：
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
<title>My JSP 'Student_edit.jsp' starting page</title>
<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
<!--
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
-->
</head>
<body>
My JSP 'Student_edit.jsp' starting page <br>
<a href="<%=basePath %>index.jsp">home</a>
</body>
</html>
------------------------------------Hongten---------------------------------
Student_find.jsp
代码：
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
<title>My JSP 'Student_find.jsp' starting page</title>
<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
<!--
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
-->
</head>
<body>
My JSP 'Student_find.jsp' starting page <br>
<a href="<%=basePath %>index.jsp">home</a>
</body>
</html>
------------------------------------Hongten---------------------------------
Teacher_add.jsp
代码：
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
<title>My JSP 'Teacher_add.jsp' starting page</title>
<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
<!--
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
-->
</head>
<body>
My JSP 'Teacher_add.jsp' starting page<br>
<a href="<%=basePath %>index.jsp">home</a>
</body>
</html>
------------------------------------Hongten---------------------------------
Teacher_delete.jsp
代码；
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
<title>My JSP 'Teacher_delete.jsp' starting page</title>
<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
<!--
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
-->
</head>
<body>
My JSP 'Teacher_delete.jsp' starting page <br>
<a href="<%=basePath %>index.jsp">home</a>
</body>
</html>
新建web project：struts2_0500_actionwildcard
Build Path
项目图：
src：
StudentAction.java
TeacherAction.java
struts.xml
WebRoot:
index.jsp
Student_add.jsp
Student_delete.jsp
Student_edit.jsp
Student_find.jsp
Teacher_add.jsp
Teacher_delete.jsp
------------------------------------Hongten---------------------------------
struts.xml
代码：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd">
<struts>
<constant name="struts.devMode" value="true" />
<package name="Student" namespace="/" extends="struts-default">
<action name="*_*" class="com.b510.hongten.{1}Action">
<result>
/{1}_{2}.jsp
</result>
</action>
<action name="Student_add" class="com.b510.hongten.StudentAction"
method="add">
<result>
/Student_delete.jsp
</result>
</action>
</package>
</struts>
------------------------------------Hongten---------------------------------
------------------------------------Hongten---------------------------------
在这里，我们没有去添加Teacher_edit.jsp和Teacher_find.jsp,要想说明的是，如果我们要添加的时候
直接添加即可，不会因为我们又添加了新的的文件，而影响整个程序的运行。但是添加的时候
一定要遵守"约定优于配置"的原则。如：Teacher的首字母一定要大写，Teacher_edit.jsp就得一定要以
这种形式去写。不然我们还是免不了去修改配置文件；
还有一个就是，我们看到struts.xml文件中有两个action，其实这里只是为了做一个小测试二用的：
我们的程序中只用：
<action name="*_*" class="com.b510.hongten.{1}Action">
<result>/{1}_{2}.jsp</result>
</action>
就足可以使我们的程序很好的运行起来，但是添加了第二个action后：
<action name="Student_add" class="com.b510.hongten.StudentAction"
method="add">
<result>/Student_delete.jsp</result>
</action>
这时候就会出现我们访问一个url：http://localhost:1000/struts2_0500_actionwildcard/Student_add
的时候，是去的是：Student_delete.jsp 这个页面，而不是我们的Student_add.jsp页面，这是为什么呢？
原因是：在struts2中，当我们访问的url来到的时候，服务器就会在struts.xml文件中找最接近这个url的action(如果
是同一个包中)，我们很容易发现：
"*_*"和"Student_add" 和url相比较，显然是后者要接近，所以选择了Student_delete.jsp,而非Student_add.jsp
------------------------------------Hongten---------------------------------
------------------------------------Hongten---------------------------------
StudentAction.java
代码：
package com.b510.hongten;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
/**
*
* @author XHW
*
* @date 2011-7-30
*
*/
public class StudentAction extends ActionSupport {
private static final long serialVersionUID = -5023520095036169842L;
public String add() {
return SUCCESS;
}
public String delete() {
return SUCCESS;
}
public String edit() {
return SUCCESS;
}
public String find() {
return SUCCESS;
}
}
------------------------------------Hongten---------------------------------
TeacherAction.java
代码；
package com.b510.hongten;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
/**
*
* @author XHW
*
* @date 2011-7-30
*
*/
public class TeacherAction extends ActionSupport {
private static final long serialVersionUID = -5023520095036169843L;
public String add() {
return SUCCESS;
}
public String delete() {
return SUCCESS;
}
public String edit() {
return SUCCESS;
}
public String find() {
return SUCCESS;
}
}
------------------------------------Hongten---------------------------------
index.jsp
代码；
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
<title>My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page</title>
<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
<!--
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
-->
</head>
<body>
My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page<br>
<a href="<%=basePath %>Student_add">增加学生</a>
<a href="<%=basePath %>Student_delete">删除学生</a><br>
<a href="<%=basePath %>Student_edit">编辑学生</a>
<a href="<%=basePath %>Student_find">查看学生</a><br>
<a href="<%=basePath %>Teacher_add">增加老师</a>
<a href="<%=basePath %>Teacher_delete">删除老师</a><br>
<a href="<%=basePath %>Teacher_edit">编辑老师</a>
<a href="<%=basePath %>Teacher_find">查看老师</a><br>
</body>
</html>
------------------------------------Hongten---------------------------------
Student_add.jsp
代码：
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
<title>My JSP 'Student_add.jsp' starting page</title>
<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
<!--
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
-->
</head>
<body>
My JSP 'Student_add.jsp' starting page <br>
<a href="<%=basePath %>index.jsp">home</a>
</body>
</html>
------------------------------------Hongten---------------------------------
Student_delete.jsp
代码：
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
<title>My JSP 'Student_delete.jsp' starting page</title>
<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
<!--
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
-->
</head>
<body>
My JSP 'Student_delete.jsp' starting page <br>
<a href="<%=basePath %>index.jsp">home</a>
</body>
</html>
------------------------------------Hongten---------------------------------
Student_edit.jsp
代码：
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
<title>My JSP 'Student_edit.jsp' starting page</title>
<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
<!--
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
-->
</head>
<body>
My JSP 'Student_edit.jsp' starting page <br>
<a href="<%=basePath %>index.jsp">home</a>
</body>
</html>
------------------------------------Hongten---------------------------------
Student_find.jsp
代码：
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
<title>My JSP 'Student_find.jsp' starting page</title>
<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
<!--
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
-->
</head>
<body>
My JSP 'Student_find.jsp' starting page <br>
<a href="<%=basePath %>index.jsp">home</a>
</body>
</html>
------------------------------------Hongten---------------------------------
Teacher_add.jsp
代码：
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
<title>My JSP 'Teacher_add.jsp' starting page</title>
<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
<!--
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
-->
</head>
<body>
My JSP 'Teacher_add.jsp' starting page<br>
<a href="<%=basePath %>index.jsp">home</a>
</body>
</html>
------------------------------------Hongten---------------------------------
Teacher_delete.jsp
代码；
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
<title>My JSP 'Teacher_delete.jsp' starting page</title>
<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
<!--
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
-->
</head>
<body>
My JSP 'Teacher_delete.jsp' starting page <br>
<a href="<%=basePath %>index.jsp">home</a>
</body>
</html>
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