iOS开发常用技巧
2016-01-21 12:36
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iOS开发常用技巧
原文出自一原文出自二
1.返回输入键盘
- (BOOL)textFieldShouldReturn:(UITextField *)textField {
[textField resignFirstResponder];
return YES;
}2.CGRect
CGRectFromString(<#NSString *string#>)//有字符串恢复出矩形 CGRectInset(<#CGRect rect#>, <#CGFloat dx#>, <#CGFloat dy#>)//创建较小或者较大的矩形 CGRectIntersectsRect(<#CGRect rect1#>, <#CGRect rect2#>)//判断两巨星是否交叉，是否重叠 CGRectZero//高度和宽度为零的，位于（0，0）的矩形常量
3.隐藏状态栏
[UIApplication sharedApplication] setStatusBarHidden:<#(BOOL)#> withAnimation:<#(UIStatusBarAnimation)#>//隐藏状态栏
4.自动适应父视图大小
self.view.autoresizesSubviews = YES; self.view.autoresizingMask = UIViewAutoresizingFlexibleWidth | UIViewAutoresizingFlexibleHeight;
5.UITableView的一些方法
这里我自己做了个测试，缩进级别设置为行号，row越大，缩进越多
<UITableViewDelegate>
- (NSInteger)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView indentationLevelForRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath {
NSInteger row = indexPath.row;
return row;
}6.把plist文件中的数据赋给数组
NSString *path = [[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"States" ofType:@"plist"]; NSArray *array = [NSArray arrayWithContentsOfFile:path];
7.获取触摸的点
- (CGPoint)locationInView:(UIView *)view; - (CGPoint)previousLocationInView:(UIView *)view;
8.获取触摸的属性
@property(nonatomic,readonly) NSTimeInterval timestamp; @property(nonatomic,readonly) UITouchPhase phase; @property(nonatomic,readonly) NSUInteger tapCount;
9.从plist中获取数据赋给字典
NSString *plistPath = [[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"book" ofType:@"plist"]; NSDictionary *dictionary = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithContentsOfFile:plistPath];
10.NSUserDefaults注意事项
设置完了以后如果存储的东西比较重要的话，一定要同步一下 [[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults] synchronize];
11.获取Documents目录
NSString *documentsDirectory = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES)[0];
12.获取tmp目录
NSString *tmpPath = NSTemporaryDirectory();
13.利用Safari打开一个链接
NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:@"http://baidu.com"]; [[UIApplication sharedApplication] openURL:url];
14.利用UIWebView显示pdf文件，网页等等
<UIWebViewDelegate> UIWebView *webView = [[UIWebView alloc]initWithFrame:self.view.bounds]; webView.delegate = self; webView.scalesPageToFit = YES; webView.autoresizingMask = UIViewAutoresizingFlexibleWidth | UIViewAutoresizingFlexibleHeight; [webView setAllowsInlineMediaPlayback:YES]; [self.view addSubview:webView]; NSString *pdfPath = [[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"book" ofType:@"pdf"]; NSURL *url = [NSURL fileURLWithPath:pdfPath]; NSURLRequest *request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:url cachePolicy:(NSURLRequestUseProtocolCachePolicy) timeoutInterval:5]; [webView loadRequest:request];
15.UIWebView和html的简单交互
myWebView = [[UIWebView alloc]initWithFrame:self.view.bounds];
[myWebView loadRequest:[NSURLRequest requestWithURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"http://www.baidu.com"]]];
NSError *error;
NSString *errorString = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"<html><center><font size=+5 color='red'>AnError Occurred;<br>%@</font></center></html>",error];
[myWebView loadHTMLString:errorString baseURL:nil];
//页面跳转了以后，停止载入
- (void)viewWillDisappear:(BOOL)animated {
if (myWebView.isLoading) {
[myWebView stopLoading];
}
myWebView.delegate = nil;
[UIApplication sharedApplication].networkActivityIndicatorVisible = NO;
}16.汉字转码
NSString *oriString = @"\u67aa\u738b"; NSString *escapedString = [oriString stringByReplacingPercentEscapesUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
17.处理键盘通知
先注册通知，然后实现具体当键盘弹出来要做什么，键盘收起来要做什么
- (void)registerForKeyboardNotifications {
keyboardShown = NO;//标记当前键盘是没有显示的
[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self selector:@selector(keyboardWasShown:) name:UIKeyboardWillShowNotification object:nil];
[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self selector:@selector(keyboardWasHidden:) name:UIKeyboardDidHideNotification object:nil];
}
//键盘显示要做什么
- (void)keyboardWasShown:(NSNotification *)notification {
if (keyboardShown) {
return;
}
NSDictionary *info = [notification userInfo];
NSValue *aValue = [info objectForKey:UIKeyboardFrameBeginUserInfoKey];
CGSize keyboardSize = [aValue CGRectValue].size;
CGRect viewFrame = scrollView.frame;
viewFrame.size.height = keyboardSize.height;
CGRect textFieldRect = activeField.frame;
[scrollView scrollRectToVisible:textFieldRect animated:YES];
keyboardShown = YES;
}
- (void)keyboardWasHidden:(NSNotification *)notification {
NSDictionary *info = [notification userInfo];
NSValue *aValue = [info objectForKey:UIKeyboardFrameEndUserInfoKey];
CGSize keyboardSize = [aValue CGRectValue].size;
CGRect viewFrame = scrollView.frame;
viewFrame.size.height += keyboardSize.height;
scrollView.frame = viewFrame;
keyboardShown = NO;
}18.点击键盘的next按钮，在不同的textField之间换行
- (BOOL)textFieldShouldReturn:(UITextField *)textField {
if ([textField returnKeyType] != UIReturnKeyDone) {
NSInteger nextTag = [textField tag] + 1;
UIView *nextTextField = [self.tableView viewWithTag:nextTag];
[nextTextField becomeFirstResponder];
}else {
[textField resignFirstResponder];
}
return YES;
}19.设置日期格式
dateFormatter = [[NSDateFormatter alloc]init]; dateFormatter.locale = [NSLocale currentLocale]; dateFormatter.calendar = [NSCalendar autoupdatingCurrentCalendar]; dateFormatter.timeZone = [NSTimeZone defaultTimeZone]; dateFormatter.dateStyle = NSDateFormatterShortStyle; NSLog(@"%@",[dateFormatter stringFromDate:[NSDate date]]);
20.加载大量图片的时候，可以使用
NSString *imagePath = [[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"icon" ofType:@"png"]; UIImage *myImage = [UIImage imageWithContentsOfFile:imagePath];
21.有时候在iPhone游戏中，既要播放背景音乐，同时又要播放比如枪的开火音效。
NSString *musicFilePath = [[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"xx" ofType:@"wav"]; NSURL *musicURL = [NSURL fileURLWithPath:musicFilePath]; AVAudioPlayer *musicPlayer = [[AVAudioPlayer alloc]initWithContentsOfURL:musicURL error:nil]; [musicPlayer prepareToPlay]; musicPlayer.volume = 1; musicPlayer.numberOfLoops = -1;//-1表示一直循环
22.从通讯录中读取电话号码，去掉数字之间的-
NSString *originalString = @"(123)123123abc";
NSMutableString *strippedString = [NSMutableString stringWithCapacity:originalString.length];
NSScanner *scanner = [NSScanner scannerWithString:originalString];
NSCharacterSet *numbers = [NSCharacterSet characterSetWithCharactersInString:@"0123456789"];
while ([scanner isAtEnd] == NO) {
NSString *buffer;
if ([scanner scanCharactersFromSet:numbers intoString:&buffer]) {
[strippedString appendString:buffer];
}else {
scanner.scanLocation = [scanner scanLocation] + 1;
}
}
NSLog(@"%@",strippedString);23.正则判断：字符串只包含字母和数字
NSString *myString = @"Letter1234";
NSString *regex = @"[a-z][A-Z][0-9]";
NSPredicate *predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"SELF MATCHES %@",regex];
if ([predicate evaluateWithObject:myString]) {
//implement
}24.设置UITableView的滚动条颜色
self.tableView.indicatorStyle = UIScrollViewIndicatorStyleWhite;
25.使用NSURLConnection下载数据
1. 创建对象
NSMutableURLRequest *request = [NSMutableURLRequest requestWithURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"http://www.baidu.com"]];
[NSURLConnection connectionWithRequest:request delegate:self];
2. NSURLConnection delegate 委托方法
- (void)connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection didReceiveResponse:(NSURLResponse *)response {
}
- (void)connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection didReceiveData:(NSData *)data {
}
- (void)connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection didFailWithError:(NSError *)error {
}
- (void)connectionDidFinishLoading:(NSURLConnection *)connection {
}
3. 实现委托方法
- (void)connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection didReceiveResponse:(NSURLResponse *)response {
self.receiveData.length = 0;//先清空数据
}
- (void)connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection didReceiveData:(NSData *)data {
[self.receiveData appendData:data];
}
- (void)connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection didFailWithError:(NSError *)error {
//错误处理
}
- (void)connectionDidFinishLoading:(NSURLConnection *)connection {
[UIApplication sharedApplication].networkActivityIndicatorVisible = NO;
NSString *returnString = [[NSString alloc]initWithData:self.receiveData encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
firstTimeDownloaded = YES;
}26.隐藏状态栏
[UIApplication sharedApplication].statusBarHidden = YES;
28.读取一般性文件
- (void)readFromTXT {
NSString *tmp;
NSArray *lines;//将文件转化为一行一行的
lines = [[NSString stringWithContentsOfFile:@"testFileReadLines.txt"] componentsSeparatedByString:@"\n"];
NSEnumerator *nse = [lines objectEnumerator];
//读取<>里的内容
while (tmp == [nse nextObject]) {
NSString *stringBetweenBrackets = nil;
NSScanner *scanner = [NSScanner scannerWithString:tmp];
[scanner scanUpToString:@"<" intoString:nil];
[scanner scanString:@"<" intoString:nil];
[scanner scanUpToString:@">" intoString:&stringBetweenBrackets];
NSLog(@"%@",[stringBetweenBrackets description]);
}
}29.隐藏UINavigationBar
[self.navigationController setNavigationBarHidden:YES animated:YES];
30.调用电话，短信，邮件
[[UIApplication sharedApplication] openURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"mailto:apple@mac.com?Subject=hello"]]; sms://调用短信 tel://调用电话 itms://打开MobileStore.app
31.获取版本信息
UIDevice *myDevice = [UIDevice currentDevice]; NSString *systemVersion = myDevice.systemVersion;
32.UIWebView的使用
webView.delegate = self;
-(BOOL)webView:(UIWebView *)webView shouldStartLoadWithRequest:(NSURLRequest *)request navigationType:(UIWebViewNavigationType)navigationType {
NSURL *url = request.URL;
NSString *urlStirng = url.absoluteString;
NSLog(@"%@",urlStirng);
return YES;
}33.iPhone 更改键盘右下角按键的 type
SearchBar *mySearchBar = [[UISearchBar alloc]init]; mySearchBar.frame = CGRectMake(0,0,self.view.bounds.size.width,44); mySearchBar.placeholder = @"placeholderString"; mySearchBar.delegate = self; [self.view addSubview:mySearchBar]; UITextField *searchField = [[mySearchBar subviews] lastObject]; searchField.returnKeyType = UIReturnKeyDone;
34.使用MD5对NSData或者NSString加密
//需要引入此头文件来使用CC_MD5
#import <CommonCrypto/CommonDigest.h>
//针对NSString的加密①
- (NSString *) md5:(NSString *) input{
const char *cStr = [input UTF8String];
unsigned char digest[CC_MD5_DIGEST_LENGTH];
CC_MD5( cStr, strlen(cStr), digest );
NSMutableString *output = [NSMutableString stringWithCapacity:CC_MD5_DIGEST_LENGTH * 2];
for(int i = 0; i < CC_MD5_DIGEST_LENGTH; i++) [output appendFormat:@"%02x", digest[i]];
return output;
}
//针对NSString的加密②
- (NSString *)md5:(NSString *) input{
const char *cStr = [input UTF8String];
unsigned char result[CC_MD5_DIGEST_LENGTH];
CC_MD5( cStr, (int)strlen(cStr), result );
return [NSString stringWithFormat: @"%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x",
result[0], result[1], result[2], result[3],
result[4], result[5], result[6], result[7],
result[8], result[9], result[10], result[11],
result[12], result[13], result[14], result[15]
];
}
//针对NSData的加密
- (NSString*)md5:(NSData *)data
{
unsigned char result[CC_MD5_DIGEST_LENGTH];
CC_MD5( data.bytes, (int)data.length, result );
return [NSString stringWithFormat:
@"%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x",
result[0], result[1], result[2], result[3],
result[4], result[5], result[6], result[7],
result[8], result[9], result[10], result[11],
result[12], result[13], result[14], result[15]
];
}35.获取显示在屏幕上的所有cell
self.tableView.visibleCells
36.判断NSString中是否包含中文
-(BOOL)isChinese:(NSString *)str{
NSString *match=@"(^[\u4e00-\u9fa5]+$)";
NSPredicate *predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"SELF matches %@", match];
return [predicate evaluateWithObject:str];
}37.去掉TableView未占满屏幕的空白行
self.tableView.tableFooterView = [UIView new];
38.iOS之UITextField 禁止粘贴
//方法1:重写下面方法
- (BOOL)canPerformAction:(SEL)action withSender:(id)sender
{
if (action == @selector(paste:))//禁止粘贴
return NO;
if (action == @selector(select:))// 禁止选择
return NO;
if (action == @selector(selectAll:))// 禁止全选
return NO;
return [super canPerformAction:action withSender:sender];
}
//方法2:
-(BOOL)canPerformAction:(SEL)action withSender:(id)sender {
UIMenuController *menuController = [UIMenuController sharedMenuController];
if (menuController) {
[UIMenuController sharedMenuController].menuVisible = NO;
}
return NO;
}39.iOS9下将NSString转为UTF8
url = [url stringByAddingPercentEncodingWithAllowedCharacters:[NSCharacterSet URLQueryAllowedCharacterSet]];
40.Search Bar 怎样去掉背景的颜色（storyboard里只能设置background颜色，可是发现clear Color无法使用）
[[self.searchBar.subviews objectAtIndex:0] removeFromSuperview];
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