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linux使用wget

2016-01-19 17:55 716 查看

wget is a Linux command-line utility for retrieving files
from the web, via HTTP, HTTPS and FTP protocols. When you are using wget to
download a file at a particular HTTP url, wget sends an appropriate
HTTP request to a destination web server.

To view default HTTP request header being sent by wget, you
can use "-d" option.

$ wget -d http://www.google.com/
---request begin--- GET / HTTP/1.0 User-Agent: Wget/1.12 (linux-gnu) Accept: */* Host: www.google.com Connection: Keep-Alive ---request end---

Sometimes you may want to customize the default HTTP request header used by wget.
For example, you may want to customize "User-Agent" field as some sites rely on "User-Agent" string to block robots like wget to
retrieve their content. You may want to add an additional "Accept-Encoding" field in order to test encoding schemes of your web server. In some other cases, you may need to set "Host" field properly to be able to access a web server running on name-based virtual
hosting.

wget allows you to send an HTTP request with custom HTTP headers.
To supply custom HTTP headers, use "--header" option. You can use "--header" option as many time as you want in a single run.

$ wget -d --header="User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.0) AppleWebKit/537.11 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/23.0.1271.97 Safari/537.11" --header="Referer: http://xmodulo.com/" --header="Accept-Encoding: compress, gzip" http://www.google.com/
---request begin--- GET / HTTP/1.0 User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.0) AppleWebKit/537.11 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/23.0.1271.97 Safari/537.11 Accept: */* Host: www.google.com Connection: Keep-Alive Referer: http://xmodulo.com/ Accept-Encoding: compress, gzip ---request end---

If you would like to permanently set the default HTTP request header you want to use with wget,
you can use ~/.wgetrc configuration file. You can specify as many header fields as you want in ~/.wgetrc.

$ vi ~/.wgetrc
header = User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.0) AppleWebKit/537.11 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/23.0.1271.97 Safari/537.11 header = Referer: http://xmodulo.com/ header = Accept-Encoding: compress, gzip

Once you have configured ~/.wgetrc, you no longer need to use "--header" option with wget.

curl is another command-line tool with similar functionality
as wget. The curl utility
also allows you to set a custom HTTP header. Refer to this
guideline for detail on curl.

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