打印BroadcastReceiver的所有接受者

Android中收到短信等事件都是通过广播发送给应用程序的，手机卫士等程序都是通过注册高优先级的BroadcastReceiver来实现短信防火墙等功能。对于我们来说很想知道系统中都有哪些程序注册了BroadcastReceiver，但是通过什么方法能获取系统BroadcastReceiver的列表呢？

我在群里问了一下，他们告诉我的答案居然是分析所有apk的AndroidManifest.xml，再加上解析dex里面的动态注册！而这根本不是我想达到的目的，我要知道的是目前系统中实时的BroadcastReceiver，而不是通过静态分析得到。于是我开始看Android Framework代码，想搞清楚广播的实现机制到底是怎样的。

注册BroadcastReceiver的过程是这样的：Activity调用registerReceiver，然后经过几层内部类接口的调用之后，通过Binder机制与ActivityManagerService通信，而ActivityManagerService里有一个ReceiverList保存着系统所有的BroadcastReceiver。

发送广播的过程是：Activity向ActivityManagerService发送广播，ActivityManagerService查找ReceiverList，通过比对IntentFilter找到所有对应的BroadcastReceiver，根据BroadcastReceiver的优先级进行排序后，扔进广播发送队列里。而后由专门的线程负责投递广播消息。



大致的过程就是这样的，那么目标就是获取ActivityManagerService中的ReceiverList。一开始我想的办法是：因为ActivityManagerService是一个单独的进程（system_server），我们可以通过注入system_server进程来获得ReceiverList。但是由于ActivityManagerService是java实现的，无法直接获得ReceiverList，要解析java的数据结构难度就太大了。

于是又再次查看
frameworks/base/services/java/com/android/server/am/ActivityManagerService.java：

代码:

public final class ActivityManagerService extends ActivityManagerNative
implements Watchdog.Monitor, BatteryStatsImpl.BatteryCallback {
......

private final int broadcastIntentLocked(ProcessRecord callerApp,
String callerPackage, Intent intent, String resolvedType,
IIntentReceiver resultTo, int resultCode, String resultData,
Bundle map, String requiredPermission,
boolean ordered, boolean sticky, int callingPid, int callingUid) {
intent = new Intent(intent);

......

// Figure out who all will receive this broadcast.
List receivers = null;
List<BroadcastFilter> registeredReceivers = null;
try {
if (intent.getComponent() != null) {
......
} else {
......
registeredReceivers = mReceiverResolver.queryIntent(intent, resolvedType, false);
}
} catch (RemoteException ex) {
......
}

final boolean replacePending =
(intent.getFlags()&Intent.FLAG_RECEIVER_REPLACE_PENDING) != 0;

int NR = registeredReceivers != null ? registeredReceivers.size() : 0;
if (!ordered && NR > 0) {
// If we are not serializing this broadcast, then send the
// registered receivers separately so they don't wait for the
// components to be launched.
BroadcastRecord r = new BroadcastRecord(intent, callerApp,
callerPackage, callingPid, callingUid, requiredPermission,
registeredReceivers, resultTo, resultCode, resultData, map,
ordered, sticky, false);
......
boolean replaced = false;
if (replacePending) {
for (int i=mParallelBroadcasts.size()-1; i>=0; i--) {
if (intent.filterEquals(mParallelBroadcasts.get(i).intent)) {
......
mParallelBroadcasts.set(i, r);
replaced = true;
break;
}
}
}

if (!replaced) {
mParallelBroadcasts.add(r);

scheduleBroadcastsLocked();
}

registeredReceivers = null;
NR = 0;
}

......

}

......
}

代码:

registeredReceivers = mReceiverResolver.queryIntent(intent, resolvedType, false);

到frameworks\base\services\java\com\android\server\IntentReslover.java中，注意到一个特性：

代码:

public List<R> queryIntent(Intent intent, String resolvedType, boolean defaultOnly) {
String scheme = intent.getScheme();

ArrayList<R> finalList = new ArrayList<R>();

final boolean debug = localLOGV ||
((intent.getFlags() & Intent.FLAG_DEBUG_LOG_RESOLUTION) != 0);

if (debug) Slog.v(
TAG, "Resolving type " + resolvedType + " scheme " + scheme
+ " of intent " + intent);
sortResults(finalList);
............
if (debug) {
Slog.v(TAG, "Final result list:");
for (R r : finalList) {
Slog.v(TAG, "  " + r);
}
}
return finalList;
}

这个有个debug选项可以打印出最终获得的ReceiverList，还是按照优先级排过序的有木有？

于是乎获取接收器列表就太简单了，只需要三行代码即可：

代码：

Intent intent = new Intent("android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED");
intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_DEBUG_LOG_RESOLUTION);
sendBroadcast(intent);

重点就是第二句，设置了FLAG_DEBUG_LOG_RESOLUTION，这样就会在LogCat中打印出所有注册了android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED的BroadcastReceiver。用IntentResolver作为TAG过滤一下看起来更方便：